Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Many parasitic opportunistic infections occur in AIDS patients. In a young female drug abuser, HIV-positive at the IV stage, a microsporidian was detected and identified in urine by cell culture in fibroblast monolayers (MRC-5) and formally recognized by electron microscopy. This parasite has been involved in hepatitis, myositis and malabsorption syndromes in AIDS patients. Its diagnosis is difficult and this is the first time that its replication has been reported in human diploid cells in vitro.
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PMID:Isolation and replication in human fibroblast cells (MRC-5) of a microsporidian from an AIDS patient. 161 29

We randomized 19 patients with inclusion-body myositis (IBM) to a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study using monthly infusions of 2 g/kg intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) or placebo for 3 months. Patients crossed over to the alternate treatment after a washout period. We evaluated responses at baseline and at the end of each treatment period using expanded (0-10) MRC scales, the Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (MVIC) method, symptom and disability scores, and quantitative swallowing studies. We calculated the differences in scores between IVIg and placebo from baseline to end of treatment. Of the 19 patients, 9 (mean age, 61.2 years; mean disease duration, 5.6 years) were randomized to IVIg and 10 (mean age, 66.1 years; mean disease duration, 7.4 years) to placebo. During IVIg the patients gained a mean of 4.2 (-16 to +39.8) MRC points, and during placebo lost 2.7 (-10 to +8) points (p < 0.1). These gains were not significant. Similar results were obtained with the MRC and MVIC scores when the patients crossed to the alternate treatment. Six patients had a functionally important improvement by more than 10 MRC points that declined when crossed over to placebo. Limb-by-limb analysis demonstrated that during IVIg the muscle strength in 39% of the lower extremity limbs significantly increased compared with placebo (p < 0.05), while a simultaneous decrease in 28% of other limbs was detected. The clinical importance of these minor gains is unclear. The duration of swallowing functions measured in seconds with ultrasound improved statistically in the IVIg-randomized patients (p < 0.05) compared with placebo. Although the study did not establish efficacy of IVIg, possibly because of the small sample size, the drug induced functionally important improvement in 6 (28%) of the 19 patients. Whether the modest gains noted in certain muscle groups justify the high cost of trying IVIg in IBM patients at a given stage of the disease remains unclear.
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PMID:Treatment of inclusion-body myositis with IVIg: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. 906 26

The new antivirals clevudine, telbivudine and emtricitabine may be potent agents for the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, there have been no reports on serious adverse events associated with the use of clevudine. A son and his mother both had HBV infection (ages: 27 and 47 years, respectively), and they had received antivirus treatment with clevudine (30 mg daily). They developed progressive weakness of the lower extremities and difficulty arising from the ground. Both the patients had symptoms for the previous 3 approximately 4 months in process of 14 approximately 17 months of clevudine therapy. The physical examinations showed positive Gower's sign, a decreased gait velocity and symmetrical proximal weakness (MRC grade 4/5). Their blood tests at admission revealed elevated or positive HBs Ag, HBV DNA, AST, ALT, creatine kinase, LDH, myoglobin and CK-MB. For both patients, the electrodiagnostic studies indicated myopathy and the pathologic findings of biopsied muscles revealed myositis. Drug-induced polymyositis was suspected and the clevudine was finally withdrawn. The muscle weakness and laboratory findings were improved for both patients after conservative care. We report here on the first cases of polymyositis that may have been caused by administering the new nucleoside analog clevudine for treating HBV infection.
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PMID:Polymyositis in patients taking antiviral clevudine therapy: a report of two cases. 2020 82