Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-seven adult patients with dermatomyositis or polymyositis were retrospectively evaluated over a mean of four and a half years. Eighty-five percent (23) met the suggested criteria of Bohan and Peter (New England Journal of Medicine, 1975) for definite or probable disease, while 15 percent had possible disease. Upper and lower limb girdle strength was given a value (0 to 5) and averaged. Initially, 26 percent were severely weak and 59 percent moderately weak. All patients were treated with steroids. Within three months, 64 percent had little to no weakness and no patients were severely impaired. These proportions remained relatively constant throughout the study. Eight less severely ill patients received alternate-day prednisone. Only two still require treatment; the remainder have been in remission for a mean period of 19 months. Of 19 who received daily prednisone, five also required cytotoxic drugs and 11 still require treatment. A comparison of the results of this study with those of major urban referral centers reveals that the patients in this study constituted a generally less ill population with a better prognosis. Forty-one percent (11) of patients were able to discontinue all forms of therapy and remain in remission. Thirty percent (eight) achieved remission with only alternate-day steroid therapy, an approach that has been discouraged in the past. Two patients (7 percent) had overt malignancies within one year before to three years after diagnosis of myositis. However, in no instance did a search for occult malignancy give positive results. Cancer detection was accomplished by following clues from history and physical examinations. It is questioned whether extensive evaluations for occult malignancies in patients with idiopathic myositis are cost-effective.
 ...
PMID:Presentation, treatment, and prognosis of idiopathic inflammatory muscle disease in a rural hospital. 661 29

The histologic and histochemical features of palatine muscles from 53 horses were studied; 25 of the horses were racehorses that had upper airway obstruction associated with dorsal displacement of the soft palate and 28 of the horses did not have any respiratory disorders and served as controls. Pathologic features observed included myonecrosis, phagocytosis, mononuclear cell infiltration of perimysial connective tissue, alkaline phosphatase-positive myofibers, and myofibers with cytoarchitectural changes that included irregular staining of the intermyofibrillar sarcoplasm and sarcoplasmic masses. These histopathologic features were judged to be indicative of myositis. Those features were found in both control horses and horses with dorsal displacement of the soft palate; however, their prevalence was higher in horses with dorsal displacement of the soft palate. For the control horses as well as the horses with dorsal displacement of the soft palate, the inflammatory changes were more prevalent in older horses. The finding of myositis suggests that palatal muscle weakness may contribute to the development of dorsal displacement of the soft palate; however, the myositis might have been secondary to trauma associated with displacement of the soft palate. We could not distinguish between these 2 possibilities. A large number of horses with dorsal displacement of the soft palate also had concurrent pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia. Extension of the mucosal inflammatory changes associated with pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia into the underlying palatine muscle might have accounted for the myositis.
 ...
PMID:Palatal myositis in horses with dorsal displacement of the soft palate. 662 86

An unusual presentation of systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in a young adult is reported. Among the major manifestations were severe muscle weakness and dyspnea, which were found to be due to myositis and diaphragmatic weakness. The evolution of the disease and its response to therapy are described.
 ...
PMID:Diaphragmatic weakness and myositis associated with systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. 668 90

Myositis in childhood is characterized by elevated serum levels of muscle-derived enzymes, proximal symmetrical muscle weakness, abnormal EMG and a muscle biopsy which frequently documents an inflammatory process. In the paediatric age group, JDMS is much more common than PM and occurs more frequently among females. Mortality has been reduced from 33 per cent to 7 per cent following the use of steroids. The development of calcifications (33 per cent) can be the most debilitating consequence of JDMS . It is our premise that JDMS is a distinct disease entity and that the increase in HLA-B8 and -DR3 in JDMS places this disease in the company of other immunopathic disorders. There are conflicting data concerning immunological abnormalities in JDMS , but there appears to be impairment of natural killing and evidence of complement activation. The frequent positive ANA in JDMS raises the speculation of its relationship to the antinuclear antibody, Jo-1, found in some adults with PM, which has specificity for tRNAHis. Most newly diagnosed JDMS patients have antibodies to Coxsackie B which may be related to the pathogenesis of this disease. Specific pathological findings of endothelial cells containing reticulotubular inclusions are associated with vessel occlusion, subsequent obliteration and increased Factor VIII levels in clinically active disease. In addition to physical therapy, prednisone is the drug most used, but immunosuppressive agents and plasmapheresis have been tried in severely ill children. Rigorous evaluation of the efficacy of these modalities is needed.
 ...
PMID:Juvenile dermatomyositis and polymyositis. 673 23

In autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), autoantibodies are generated against a variety of macromolecules. Myositis is a human autoimmune disease characterized by weakness and wasting of muscle. In American studies, antibodies directed against soluble cellular constituents were detected by immunodiffusion in about 60% of cases; the commonest of these, found in 25% of patients, was antibody to the Jo-1 antigen. An antibody system referred to as PL-1 was recognized at a similar frequency in a series of patients studied at Hammersmith Hospital, London. We show here that this system is identical with the Jo-1 system and demonstrate that the antigen is a polypeptide of molecular weight (Mr) 50,000. The protein is immunoprecipitated with tRNA His and appears to be histidyl-tRNA synthetase. The identity of the Jo-1 antigen, the first of the RNA-associated antigens familiar in autoimmune disease to be characterized as a specific enzyme, suggests a model for virus involvement in autoantibody generation.
 ...
PMID:Myositis autoantibody inhibits histidyl-tRNA synthetase: a model for autoimmunity. 686 13

We report on a 33-yr-old female patient with myalgia, CK values up to 3500 Ul-1 and proximal weakness. An initial muscle biopsy showed myositis. One year later an enlarged lymph node was investigated and sarcoidosis diagnosed. In a second muscle biopsy inflammatory cells and morphological characteristics of mitochondrial myopathy were found. Biochemical analyses indicated a 50% reduction in complex II activity of the respiratory chain. Due to failure in clinical improvement a third muscle biopsy was performed in 1990 where only 19% of normal complex II activity was present. Southern blot analysis of the mitochondrial genome was normal. Thus for the first time we describe a patient with sarcoid myopathy and a complex II deficiency. Our interpretation is that a pre-existing complex II defect became clinically relevant because of additional sarcoid myopathy.
 ...
PMID:Sarcoid myopathy and mitochondrial respiratory chain defects: clinicopathological, biochemical and molecular biological analyses. 758 Feb 39

A 62-year-old woman, who has had slowly progressive muscle weakness and wasting of the four limbs for past 10 years, was evaluated by muscle biopsies; i.e. the deltoid, a moderately atrophic muscle, and the quadriceps femoris, a muscle that was only mildly involved. The specimen from the deltoid disclosed the basic muscle structures having been collapsed, containing many fibers undergoing degeneration. There were rimmed vacuoles and infiltration of macrophages and round cells into the muscle fibers and perimysial space. Inclusion bodies containing fibrillary structures were identified in sarcolemmal nuclei by electron microscopy. When the quadriceps femoris muscle was examined, however, a large number of vacuoles were interspersed between myofibrils that contained numerous lipid droplets. There were no pathological changes suggestive of IBM in this specimen. The case described here is unique in that the muscle biopsies from two separate muscle revealed a distinctly different pathology. Although we were unable to determine the cause of lipid-storage in this case, it is our impression that inclusion body myositis is not a uniform disorder but the characteristic pathology to this particular myositis might be an ultimate feature of several diverse degenerative and/or inflammatory muscle disorders.
 ...
PMID:[A case of inclusion body myositis (IBM) associated with lipid-storage vacuoles]. 761 66

We report a 37-year-old woman who developed chronic thyroiditis, and polymyositis with rimmed vacuoles (RVs). She developed paresthesia of glove and stocking type, muscle weakness of the lower extremities, and slowness in motion. On examination, her lower legs were atrophic and weak, more prominent on the right, while proximal muscles in the upper and lower extremities were slightly affected. Deep tendon reflexes of the upper and lower extremities were normal except for the absent Achilles tendon reflexes. Serum CK was high (1,809 IU/l), and laboratory data indicated chronic thyroiditis and hypothyroidism. Muscle CT showed severe fatty changes in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles, more marked on the right, and slight atrophy of the thigh muscles. Electromyography and nerve conduction velocity study revealed peripheral neuropathy. Muscle biopsy revealed numerous myofibers with RVs, together with myofiber necrosis, phagocytosis and lymphocyte infiltration, consistent with myositis. Nerve biopsy was indicative of slight axonal degeneration. A diagnosis of polymyositis with RVs in combination with chronic thyroiditis was made. Prednisolone combined with levothyroxine markedly improved muscle weakness though atrophy and weakness of the lower legs were barely improved. Distal-dominant asymmetric affection of the leg muscles and many myofibers with RV on the biopsied muscle are atypical and rare findings of polymyositis. Associated chronic thyroiditis and neuropathy may be related to the formation of marked rimmed-vacuolar degeneration of myofibers in the present case.
 ...
PMID:[Polymyositis with rimmed vacuoles in a case of chronic thyroiditis]. 761 67

In nearly 60% of men over 50 years of age, dermato-/polymyositis is induced by malignancies. Till now, 9 patients with melanoma-induced dermatomyositis have been reported in the literature. Here we report on a patient suffering from classic pelvic and pectoral girdle proximal weakness, typical heliotrope rash, increased serum CPK values, and biopsy-proven myositis, who died from metastasizing melanoma one year later.
 ...
PMID:[Dermatomyositis as a complication of a metastatic melanoma-- case report and review of the literature]. 769 9

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and inclusion body myositis, are increasingly recognized to cause long-term disability in certain subsets of patients. Because these diseases are infrequent, only retrospective analysis of most treatments are available. In this article, identification of subsets of patients with different prognoses and discussion of confounding factors for increasing weakness are emphasized. The advantages and disadvantages of different therapies for myositis and for extraskeletal muscle features are also discussed.
 ...
PMID:The treatment of myositis. How to approach resistant disease. 773 67


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>