Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Non-infectious myositis is a condition characterized by chronic localized myalgia originating from central nervous system effects. It is also known as centrally mediated myalgia associated with neurogenic inflammation. When this condition occurs in the lateral pterygoid muscle, clinical evaluation is difficult due to its inaccessible anatomic location. In order to diagnose this rare condition, careful clinical examination and advanced imaging are necessary. The authors report herein four cases of non-infectious myositis of the lateral pterygoid muscle diagnosed by magnetic resonance or enhanced computed tomography imaging. The patients reported prolonged parafunctional habits and chronic jaw pain. In each case, clinical signs suggested the diagnosis of anterior disc displacement without reduction, but the progressive history of internal derangement did not fit this diagnosis. Limited lateral excursion was observed, and patients reported pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area without tenderness to palpation of the TMJ. Advanced imaging, including axial views, provided valuable information for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.
...
PMID:Non-infectious myositis of the lateral pterygoid muscle: a report of four cases. 2545 25

The musculoskeletal system can be involved as an extra-intestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease. Among these, myositis in ulcerative colitis (UC) is very rare. A 14-year-old girl was admitted due to severe shoulder tenderness. She had complained of left jaw pain and swelling for the past 10 days. Inflammatory markers were elevated with no evidence of infectious etiology. Myositis was suspected by shoulder magnetic resonance imaging. Three days after admission, she developed hematochezia. Muscle biopsy and colonoscopy was performed due to worsening left mandibular area pain and persistent hematochezia. Colonoscopy showed consistent findings with UC. She was finally diagnosed with UC with myositis as an extra-intestinal manifestation. She showed a dramatic response to UC treatment. Gastrointestinal symptoms were well-controlled. After 14 months, UC symptoms and muscle pain were aggravated, which were relieved after steroid and cyclosporin treatment. We report a unique case of UC initially presented with myositis, preceding gastrointestinal symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Myositis as an Initial Presentation of Ulcerative Colitis before Gastrointestinal Symptoms. 3248 51

Restricted mouth opening or trismus is often encountered in patients with head and neck cancer. The restriction may be the presenting sign of malignancy, a sequela of tumor site or growth, an adverse effect of oncologic treatment, or a first sign of tumoral recurrence. In general, any insult to the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, or their neural innervation may cause limitation in mouth opening. The etiologies leading to trismus are as follows: myospasm secondary to tumor infiltration; reflectory myospasm; radiation-induced myositis and myofibrosis; temporomandibular joint involvement with tumor; unfavorable postsurgical scarring; muscle and joint atrophy secondary to immobilization; pain; jaw fracture and hardware failure; and infection. Preventive measures should be implemented before, during, and after treatment. These measures include identification of high-risk patients, utilization of dose-sculpting radiation techniques whenever possible, performing reconstruction at the same time of resective surgery whenever feasible, and initiating mobilization exercises as early as possible. When trismus develops, treatments are often challenging and disappointing. These include physical therapy, mouth opening appliances, drug therapy, and release surgery. All medical specialties dealing with head and neck cancer should be familiar with the diagnosis and prevention of trismus and make an effort to ensure patients are referred to the appropriate care when needed. Trismus should not be considered a trivial sequela of head and neck cancer.
 ...
PMID:Restricted Mouth Opening in Head and Neck Cancer: Etiology, Prevention, and Treatment. 3304 77