Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Computed tomography was carried out in 32 patients with clinically equivocal soft-tissue lesions of the hand (24 times) and forearm (8 times). The CT scans were performed with the patients in standard positions; thin slices and zoom technique were used. All soft-tissue tumors were correctly diagnosed with regard to localization, size and infiltration of the surrounding tissue. The histological diagnosis was correct in tendon-sheath proliferations, deposits caused by metabolic disorders, epithelial and ganglion cysts, hemangiomas, lipomas and in one schwannoma. A malignancy was suspected and was proven to be correct in two cases. False-positive diagnoses of a malignant soft-tissue tumor were made in one case of an aggressive fibromatosis, in a rapidly progressive, ossifying myositis, and three times in the presence of postoperative scar tissue following the resection of a sarcoma. Finally, a case of proliferative myositis regarded as semimalignant was underrated by CT. The hand surgeon considered CT diagnostics to be very helpful in planning operations in an anatomically complex organ such as the hand.
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PMID:[Computed tomography of soft tissue tumors of the hand and the forearm]. 216 Jun 73

Tumors are rare causes of knee symptoms in children but must be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric knee pain in order to avoid errors in treatment that could result in loss of limb or even life. Experience with 199 bone and soft-tissue tumors about the knee in children are reviewed. The majority of lesions were benign bone tumors (n = 101), with osteocartilaginous exostoses, nonossifying fibromas, and chondroblastomas predominating. Malignant bone tumors (n = 59) were less frequent, and osteosarcoma (n = 48) was by far the most common sarcoma. Soft-tissue lesions (n = 31) were much less frequent and included rhabdomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and desmoid tumors. A careful history, physical examination, and review of roentgenograms are essential to avoid errors in diagnosis. Malignant tumors require roentgenograms and laboratory studies in sequence to stage the patient. A properly performed biopsy established the diagnosis in most instances. Popliteal cysts, stress fractures, infection, myositis ossificans, histiocytosis, and other lesions can mimic tumors and delay correct diagnosis.
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PMID:Tumors about the knee in children. 218 35

We report on a 42-year-old woman showing a rapidly growing tumor on her left flank; it was removed by surgery. Histological examination revealed the typical picture of proliferative myositis. Since the clinical symptoms of this disease are nonspecific, the diagnosis always depends on histological evidence. Despite its rapid growth and its cellular pleomorphism, proliferative myositis is a reactive process and has to be differentiated histologically from sarcoma of the soft tissue.
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PMID:[Proliferative myositis]. 232 38

The behavior of two spontaneous transplantable rat tumors and a mouse lymphoma was studied in different hosts. A resistant (eR) subline to Sarcoma E 100 (S-E 100) and a susceptible one (eS) were obtained by divergent selection carried out in an inbred line of rats IIM (e). The phenotypic frequencies of the resistant and susceptible individuals to S-E 100 in the base population e and eR, eS, F1 and F2 fitted with the theoretical frequencies of a model of two independent pairs of genes, one (T) with complete dominance (locus SE1) and the other (R) with partial dominance (locus SE2). Locus SE2 would regulate the antitumoral response. Resistance to S-E 100 was found to be a dominant trait. The subcutaneous challenge of eR and eS rats with Lymphoma TACB (L-TACB) showed a different behavior. Subline eR (resistant to S-E 100) was susceptible to L-TACB while subline eS (susceptible to S-E 100) was resistant. A tumor-host interaction was found, revealing that genotypes resistant to S-E 100 were susceptible to L-TACB; in addition, susceptible animals (eR) developed lymph node metastases. It was observed, using animals of different genotypes, that susceptibility to L-TACB metastases and to local tumor growth, would be conditioned by different genes. Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) to tumor antigens (S-E 100 and L-TACB) and humoral immune response and DTH to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were investigated in eR and eS rats. Differences between both sublines were statistically significant suggesting that genes involved in the divergent selection would regulate the antitumoral immune response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Inheritance of susceptibility to tumors and metastases in rodents]. 248 19

A case of proliferative myositis, an unusual inflammatory pseudotumour of skeletal muscle, is reported. This case was particular in that the lesion was located in the popliteal fossa, developed over a long period and above all, was revealed by compression of the sciatic nerve. The diagnosis was confirmed by peripheral biopsy of the mass which showed normal muscular tissue associated with numerous fibroblasts and with characteristic basophilic giant cells. The clinical, histological and pathogenetic features of the disease are discussed with emphasis on the importance of a thorough pathological examination to exclude with certainty a possible sarcoma.
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PMID:[Proliferative myositis with compression of the sciatic nerve]. 252 92

A 2-year-old boy had intermittent pain and mottling of the left thigh. Swelling of the vastus lateralis developed, and a biopsy revealed proliferative myositis. The pathogenesis is unknown, but trauma and ischemia have been implicated. The rarity of proliferative myositis in children, and the possibility of mistaking the lesion for a sarcoma make the case noteworthy.
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PMID:Proliferative myositis in a two-year-old child. 360 19

Fine needle aspiration was performed on a large soft tissue mass of the left thigh and hip region in a 27-year-old paraplegic man. Cytologic examination revealed sheets of immature fibroblasts and scattered skeletal muscle cells in various stages of degeneration compatible with myositis ossificans. This case is probably the first needle aspiration cytology of this lesion. The danger of confusing the cytology with that of a sarcoma is emphasized.
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PMID:Fine needle aspiration cytology of myositis ossificans. 383 91

The presence of bone and cartilage in some cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the soft tissue as a microscopic finding has been reported previously but little note has been taken of the radiologic manifestations of these tumor elements. A series of five such cases with sufficient metaplastic osseous and cartilaginous elements to produce roentgenographic evidence of their presence is reported here. An additional two cases showed only histologic evidence of bone or cartilage formation. The reactive ossification tends to be peripheral in location, involving the pseudocapsule of the sarcoma or its fibrous septa. In three there was a zoning pattern with peripheral or polar orientation, strongly suggesting the diagnosis of myositis ossificans. The latter was the diagnosis considered radiologically in four of the five cases. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma with reactive bone and cartilage must be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue masses with calcific densities, particularly when these occur in tumors of the extremities.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of soft tissue with metaplastic bone and cartilage formation: a new radiologic sign. 628 19

Although most physicians associated myositis ossificans with recent, acute trauma, only 40%-60% of patients give such a history. The appearance of a soft tissue mass without a clear history of trauma may suggest a diagnosis of sarcoma, especially because results of a biopsy of the central portion of an area of myositis ossificans may yield immature, undifferentiated tissue resembling a sarcoma. Pain and rapid growth of a mass are more usual in myositis ossificans than in sarcomas, and careful inquiry may reveal stretching injury or chronic trauma associated with normal, vigorous, physical activities. Recognizing the characteristic histologic zoning phenomenon (immature tissue centrally surrounded by more mature tissue and a peripheral shell of benign bone) during the biopsy procedure permits the correct diagnosis of myositis ossificans. Plain radiographs or conventional tomograms may reflect this histologic zoning by demonstrating the typical, mature, outer shell of bone. Although additional radiographic studies are not usually necessary, they may be obtained when the mass is suspected to be a sarcoma. In two patients computed tomographic scans clearly demonstrated well-defined, peripheral shells of mature bone, diagnostic of myositis ossificans.
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PMID:Myositis ossificans: radiologic evaluation of two cases with diagnostic computed tomograms. 628 3

Among 2175 patients seen over the last three years in a non-specialized department of internal medicine with no intensive care unit, 100 had supranormal serum lactic dehydrogenase activities. These patients' case-reports have been analyzed. Nearly half the patients (47/100) had a malignant disease (cancer or hemopathy). Among the remaining patients, 19 had a hepatic disorder (alcohol hepatitis in 10, viral hepatitis in 8, and isoniazide hepatitis in 1), 7 had a heart disease (heart failure with hepatomegaly in 5, myocardial infarction in 2), and 27 had various other conditions (including hemolysis in 6 and polymyositis en 3). The value of serum LDH assay is obvious in situations other than acute conditions such as myocardial infarction of pulmonary embolism; these are better known and have not been studied here as their prevalence was low among the patients enlisted in our study. In comparison to other enzymes (alkaline phosphatase (AP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), transaminases (GOT, GPT) that were also routinely assayed in our patients, abnormal serum LDH activities are much less common and their significance is quite different. An increase in serum and their significance is quite different. An increase in serum LDH activity indicates a serious condition, often with a fatal outcome. The "various other conditions" group includes patients with hemolysis, hepatitis and myositis; the other patients in this group either had severe infectious diseases or died suddenly in the first few days of their hospitalization before diagnosis had been established. Each etiologic group has been analyzed to asses the characteristics of patients with increased LDH activity according to each etiology. Analysis of coincident abnormalities of the other enzymes listed above shows marked differences between etiologic groups; diagnostic accuracy can thus be enhanced in certain conditions. Most patients with malignancies had poorly differentiated tumors, with metastases: 28 had an epithelial tumor, with hepatic and/or bone metastases in 23 cases, 5 had cancer of the liver, 10 had a malignant hemopathy (2 lymphomas, 5 myeloproliferative syndromes, 3 acute leukemias), and 4 had a sarcoma. Cancer of the lung is the most common malignancy (10 cases) and may be responsible for increased serum LDH activity even in patients without metastases. Serum LDH assay is of value for monitoring the course in patients with initially increased activities as it falls under effective therapy and rises during exacerbations.
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PMID:[Value and diagnostic significance of serum lactic dehydrogenase in internal medicine (author's transl)]. 628 24


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