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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To evaluate the value of myosonography in inflammatory myopathies ultrasound of skeletal muscles was performed in 70 patients, aged 21-82 years, suffering from histologically proven polymyositis (n = 30), dermatomyositis (n = 18), granulomatous myositis (n = 9), inclusion body myositis (n = 13), and in 102 control persons. The sensitivity of muscle ultrasound in detecting histopathologically proven disease (82.9%) was not significantly different from electromyography (92.4%) or serum creatine kinase activity (68.7%). The positive predictive value of ultrasound was 95.1%, the negative predictive value 89.2%, and the accuracy 91.3%. The different types of inflammatory myopathies presented with typical, but not specific ultrasound features. Polymyositis showed atrophy and increased echointensity predominantly of lower extremity muscles, whereas in dermatomyositis clear muscle atrophy was rare and echointensities were highest in forearm muscles. Echointensities were lower in dermatomyositis compared to poly- and granulomatous myositis. Granulomatous myositis was characterized by the highest echointensities and a tendency towards muscle hypertrophy. Severe muscle atrophy was the most impressive feature in the majority of patients with inclusion body myositis. Comparison of ultrasound and histopathological findings indicates that muscle lipomatosis has a much greater impact on muscular echointensity than does muscle fibrosis. Ultrasound of myositis improved clinical assessment of patients by supplying differential diagnostic clues based on precise muscle size measurements and identification of mesenchymal abnormalities, particularly muscle lipomatosis.
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PMID:Muscular ultrasound in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies of adults. 850 7

Granulomatous myositis (GM) is a rare condition that has generally been described in association with sarcoidosis. In the absence of sarcoidosis or other underlying disease, a diagnosis of isolated GM is considered. Only one study has focused on the clinical difference between isolated GM and sarcoid myopathy (SM). We report 13 cases of symptomatic GM; 8 had sarcoidosis. All patients with sarcoidosis had predominantly proximal, symmetrical lower-limb weakness, and 3 subsequently developed upper-limb or distal involvement. Three of the five patients with isolated GM had predominantly distal muscle involvement, and two had dysphagia. Corticosteroid treatment was followed by prolonged improvement in only one patient with sarcoidosis. One patient had acute sarcoid myositis and benefited from methotrexate; other immunosuppressants and etanercept proved ineffective in chronic sarcoid myopathy. Three of the five patients with isolated GM responded to corticosteroid treatment. When last examined, three patients with sarcoidosis had severe disability, whereas patients with isolated GM showed milder weakness. Thus, SM was frequently associated with severe disability and rarely improved after corticosteroid treatment, whereas most patients with isolated GM improved.
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PMID:Granulomatous myositis: a clinical study of thirteen cases. 1706 67

Granulomatous myositis is a rare neuromuscular disorder histologically characterized by the development of endomyseal and/or perimyseal granulomas. Clinical hallmarks are generalized muscle weakness, myalgias, and bulbar symptoms. The association of granulomatous myositis with sarcoidosis is well known; less recognized is the association with several infectious diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, malignancy, thymoma, graft-vs-host disease, and myasthenia gravis. In absence of sarcoidosis or other underlying disorders, the diagnosis of isolated or primary granulomatous myositis must be considered. Therapeutic strategies focus on immunosuppression, whereas the therapy response is unpredictable. Here we discuss the clinical features, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis and therapeutic strategies of primary and secondary granulomatous myositis.
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PMID:[Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of granulomatous myositis]. 1821 45

The authors report on four patients aged over 50 with chronic myopathy suggestive of sporadic inclusion body myositis. They present progressive and selective weakness of the quadriceps femoris muscles. Asymmetrical and selective atrophy of the forearm muscles were noted in all, with more severe involvement of the flexors than the extensors. Biopsy revealed granulomatous myositis. Histological features of sporadic inclusion body myositis were lacking. Evidence for systemic sarcoidosis was found in one patient. Corticosteroid treatment was associated with a partial but significant improvement in two patients. Granulomatous myositis may mimic inclusion body myositis and may be steroid-responsive.
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PMID:Distal muscle involvement in granulomatous myositis can mimic inclusion body myositis. 2056 58

Granulomatous myositis is a rare disease that predominantly results in proximal muscle weakness in the upper and/or lower extremities. As it can resemble other inflammatory myopathies, it is important to obtain a muscle biopsy to make the underlying diagnosis. We report the first case of granulomatous myositis associated with extremely elevated anti-striated muscle antibodies in a 69-year-old Caucasian woman. Granulomatous myositis has been associated with various autoimmune, infectious, rheumatologic, vasculitis, and oncologic disorders, and several antibodies have previously been reported to be associated with it. However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report where extremely elevated anti-striated muscle antibodies were found to be associated with granulomatous myositis in the absence of myasthenia gravis. The treatment of granulomatous myositis revolves around the use of corticosteroids, steroid-sparing immunosuppressive agents, and newer biologics.
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PMID:Granulomatous Myositis Associated with Extremely Elevated Anti-striated Muscle Antibodies in the Absence of Myasthenia Gravis. 3220 59