Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An unusual calcified soft tissue mass in the knee of an 18-month-old black male infant proved to be tumoral calcinosis. A relatively rare disorder of unknown etiology, this is one of the few reported cases of its occurrence in the knee. The diagnosis is one of exclusion. Because of their radiographic similarity, the differential diagnosis includes intracapsular and paraarticular chondroma, traumatic myositis ossificans, and calcinosis circumscripta.
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PMID:Tumoral calcinosis in an infant. A case report. 630 9

Extraskeletal osseous and cartilaginous tumors and tumorlike conditions of the extremities can often be differentiated radiologically; for those that cannot, knowledge of the spectrum of lesions will allow a suitably ordered differential diagnosis. Of the osseous lesions--myositis ossificans, fibro-osseous pseudotumor, fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, soft-tissue osteoma, and extraskeletal osteosarcoma--all but myositis ossificans are relatively rare. Myositis ossificans has a distinct mineralization pattern that can be observed radiologically as a peripheral rim of lamellar bone. Fibro-osseous pseudotumor typically occurs in the digits of the hand and lacks the well-defined zoning pattern of myositis ossificans. The cartilaginous entities include the true tumors, soft-tissue chondroma and extraskeletal chondrosarcoma, and the tumorlike process, synovial osteochondromatosis. The tumors are relatively rare; synovial osteochondromatosis commonly affects middle-aged men, especially in the knee, and is associated with osteoarthritis. The differential diagnosis for these extraskeletal osseous and cartilaginous lesions includes soft-tissue sarcoma, benign mesenchymoma, malignant mesenchymoma (rare), calcified tophi in gout, melorheostosis (rare), pilomatricoma (rare), and tumoral calcinosis (rare).
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PMID:From the archives of the AFIP. Extraskeletal osseous and cartilaginous tumors of the extremities. 835 73

A 37-year-old woman with myositis ossificans of the left foot is reported. A faint density was seen on foot radiographs, whereas computed tomography images showed a rim of mineralization inferior to the second and third metatarsal bones. On short tau inversion recovery-weighted magnetic resonance images, a hyperintense lesion was demonstrated with hyperintensity extending to the surrounding soft tissues. The rim of ossification appeared hypointense. Other non-neoplastic soft tissue processes with bone formation such as pseudomalignant osseous tumor of soft tissues, florid reactive periostitis, and bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation occur more commonly in the foot than myositis ossificans. A differential diagnosis of these lesions including periosteal and parosteal osteosarcoma, periosteal chondroma, and osteomyelitis is discussed.
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PMID:Myositis ossificans of the foot. 929 45

Periosteal osteoblastoma is an extremely rare bone-forming neoplasm located on the surface of cortical bone. Of the fewer than 30 cases of periosteal osteoblastomas found in the literature, 2 have been reported to be located in cranial bone, and these have not been documented in detail with clinical history, radiographic findings, macroscopic features, and microscopic findings. Although the differential diagnoses of periosteal lesions include parosteal and periosteal osteosarcoma, periosteal chondroma and chondrosarcoma, osteochondroma, osteoid osteoma, periostitis ossificans, and myositis ossificans, an important differential diagnosis both radiologically and pathologically of such a lesion in the cranium is meningioma. We report an unusual case of periosteal osteoblastoma located in the frontal cranial bone that was radiologically consistent with a meningioma. The differential diagnosis of metaplastic meningioma with differentiation toward bone is discussed.
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PMID:A rare case of periosteal osteoblastoma located in the frontal cranial bone. 1591 30

Surface lesions of bone usually present little diagnostic dilemma because the majority are conventional osteochondromas. Other surface bone lesions include periosteal chondroma, periosteal chondrosarcoma, and parosteal osteosarcoma. Mineralized soft tissue lesions such as myositis ossificans, synovial chondroma, and synovial sarcoma may present in a similar fashion when they occur in a juxtaarticular position. The soft tissue osteochondroma or paraarticular osteochondroma may simulate some of these more aggressive tumors, and its recognition is important to avoid overtreatment. A case of an 11-year-old male with a soft tissue osteochondroma is reported to illustrate the characteristic radiographic and histological features of this rare entity. No prior reports have examined soft tissue osteochondroma for expression of parathyroid hormone related protein, an established cartilage tumor proliferative mitogen.
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PMID:Soft tissue osteochondroma: case report and immunohistochemistry for parathyroid hormone-related protein. 1684 64

Extraskeletal osteochondroma in the nape of the neck is rare and its pathological diagnosis is based on radiological and histopathological examination. It is vital that such a diagnosis be considered when a discrete, ossified mass is localised in soft tissues, even at atypical sites. Differential diagnoses include myositis ossificans, a lipomatous lesion, a pseudomalignant osseous tumour, an ossifying fibromyxoid tumour, an extraskeletal chondroma with endochondral ossification, synovial (osteo) chondromatosis, tumoural calcinosis, a synovial sarcoma, and an extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Clinical awareness of this benign entity is important as no malignant transformation or metastasis has been reported. Marginal excision with histopathological identification is the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Extraskeletal osteochondroma in the nape of the neck: a case report. 1691 87

Extraskeletal osteochondroma near the hip is rare and its pathological diagnosis is based on radiological and histopathological examination. It is vital that such a diagnosis be considered when a discrete, ossified mass is localized in soft tissues, even at atypical sites. Differential diagnoses include myositis ossificans, a lipomatous lesion, a pseudomalignant osseous tumour, an ossifying fibromyxoid tumour, an extraskeletal chondroma with endochondral ossification, synovial (osteo) chondromatosis, tumoural calcinosis, a synovial sarcoma and an extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Clinical awareness of this benign entity is important as no malignant transformation or metastasis has been reported. Marginal excision with histopathological identification is the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Extraskeletal osteochondroma near the hip: a pediatric case. 2080 44

Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP, also known as Nora's lesion) is a rare, benign, locally aggressive condition defined as osteochondromatous exostosis arising from the bony cortex. BPOP presents predominantly in the 2nd and 3rd decades of life, and commonly arises from the periosteum of metacarpals and metatarses, though rare locations have been reported, including the long bones, the maxillae, the bones of calvaria, and the sesamoids. The case of an osteochondromatous lesion in an infant with an intra-abdominal mass arising from the iliac wing, an atypical location of benign solitary lesions, is reported. Benign solitary lesions are exceptional in this age group. The parents of the patient, who was born in term at 3600 grams, discovered a mass in the left groin and observed decreased movement in the lower left extremity. No history of trauma was reported. When the patient was 5 months of age, AP pelvic X-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a bony mass displacing intra-abdominal organs anteromedially. Biopsy reported an osteocartilaginous lesion with calcified mature cartilaginous fragments surrounded by plasmacytoid, monotone, fibrinoid cells in myxoid background. Differential diagnosis included osteochondroma, osteochondromyxoma, BPOP, fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma, chondromyxoid fibroma, periosteal chondroma, soft tissue chondroma, myositis ossificans, and juxtacortical chondroma. Biopsy of the resected specimen determined a diagnosis of BPOP. At 6-month postoperative follow-up, neither symptoms nor complaints related to the mass were present.
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PMID:Congenital bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation in unusual location and age: a case report. 2685 60

The purpose of this article is to review calcified or ossified benign soft tissue lesions that may simulate malignancy. We review the clinical presentations, locations, imaging characteristics, and differential diagnostic considerations of myositis ossificans, tophaceous gout, benign vascular lesions, calcific tendinopathy with osseous involvement, periosteal chondroma, primary synovial chondromatosis, Hoffa's disease, tumoral calcinosis, lipoma with metaplasia, calcifying aponeurotic fibroma, calcific myonecrosis, ancient schwannoma, and Castleman disease.
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PMID:Calcified or ossified benign soft tissue lesions that may simulate malignancy. 3129 50

Soft tissue tumors encompass a wide variety of mesenchymal neoplasms exhibiting diverse clinical, pathologic, and molecular features. Among these, osteoid and/or chondroid matrix deposition in some soft tissue tumors represents a noticeable characteristic. Unlike matrices present in bone tumors where they likely reveal the respective cells of origin (i.e., osteoblastic or chondroblastic precursors), those existing in soft tissue tumors more often denote a metaplastic phenomenon and reflect the diversity of differentiation these tumors can display. While many soft tissue tumor types can occasionally harbor metaplastic bone or cartilage as an incidental component or heterologous differentiation, in some other tumor types, the production of these matrices is a frequent and distinctive, if not diagnostic, feature. This review focuses on the latter tumor types where emerging immunohistochemical and molecular evidence has significantly improved our understanding of their respective pathogenesis and histopathological spectra. These tumor types include ossifying fibromyxoid tumor, phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor, synovial chondromatosis, soft tissue chondroma, calcifying aponeurotic fibroma, giant cell tumor of soft tissue, myositis ossificans and related diseases, mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, and extraskeletal osteosarcoma.
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PMID:What is new about the molecular genetics in matrix-producing soft tissue tumors? -The contributions to pathogenetic understanding and diagnostic classification. 3170 Dec 22


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