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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report 2 cases of dermatomyositis with follicular hyperkeratosis (FHK) in children. They occurred in a 10-year-old Vietnamese girl and a 9-year-old Caucasian boy. The girl's FHK disappeared after 2 months of treatment. The boy presented, 15 months after the onset of his dermatomyositis, with a generalised FHK which lasted for 6 months. FHK can appear before, during or after dermatomyositis. It is more often generalized but can be localised. Erector pili myositis and ostial hyperkeratosis may be the explanation. The prognostic value of FHK in dermatomyositis is unknown. This manifestation, initially considered to be more frequent in the Far East, is not as rare in Western countries as the few reported cases suggest.
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PMID:Dermatomyositis with follicular hyperkeratosis. 853 44

A pityriasis rubra pilaris-like eruption has been described in patients with dermatomyositis. These patients showed generalized follicular hyperkeratosis and diffuse thickening of the palms and soles. Histopathological findings consisted of keratotic plugging of the follicular infundibulum and features of erector pili myositis. We report on an 18-year-old woman with dermatomyositis. The diagnosis was established by characteristic enzymatic alterations, electromyographic pattern of myositis and the findings in a muscle biopsy, although the patient had no evidence of muscular weakness during a follow-up of 14 years. She developed an erythematosus and squamous eruption associated with diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma. Histopathological features consisted of a papillomatous epidermis with spicules of compact eosinophilic hyperkeratosis over the tips of papillae that were not related to hair follicles. Pityriasis rubra pilaris-like eruption seems to be a characteristic although uncommon cutaneous manifestation in dermatomyositis.
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PMID:Dermatomyositis with a pityriasis rubra pilaris-like eruption: a little-known distinctive cutaneous manifestation of dermatomyositis. 920 15

We describe a 53-year-old white woman with dermatomyositis (DM) who had additional clinical findings of pityriasis rubra pilaris (type Wong dermatomyositis) with histopathologic features of both pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) and porokeratosis. Type Wong dermatomyositis was originally described in 11 patients by Wong in 1969 and has been reported in 5 additional patients. This is a rarely described phenomenon in which patients with DM develop cutaneous hyperkeratotic lesions that resemble PRP and histologically show follicular hyperkeratosis and hair follicle destruction. Arrector pilorum muscles also show degenerative findings and myositis. We believe that this is the first reported case of a patient with type Wong DM who also has clinical and histologic features suggestive of porokeratosis. This is important because of the association of adult-onset dermatomyositis with internal malignancy and the well-documented association of porokeratosis with immunosuppression. These clinical and histologic findings serve as markers for malignancy in patients with DM. These patients warrant a complete review of systems and investigation for age-appropriate neoplasms as well as close long-term follow-up by dermatologists to ensure that these cutaneous eruptions are not overlooked.
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PMID:An unusual presentation of dermatomyositis: the type Wong variant revisited. 1104 19

We describe three cases of the rare combination of lateral erythema and hyperkeratosis of the fingers that typify a condition known as 'Mechanic's Hands'. The first and the third cases were unusual in that the condition was associated with cutaneous involvement of the feet and interstitial pneumonia but not with myositis, or with only mild muscular involvement, while the second case was typical, being accompanied by myositis and detectable antibodies against histidyl transferase. We propose that Mechanic's Hands can occur in association with foot lesions and interstitial pneumonia, even if it is not accompanied by myositis.
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PMID:Three cases of 'mechanic's hands' associated with interstitial pneumonia: possible involvement with foot lesions. 1473 16

In dogs with symptomatic or asymptomatic leishmaniasis, Leishmania infantum appears to induce a mixed Th1/Th2 immune response that in the sick dog may eventually result in tissue damage via different pathomechanisms, notably granulomatous inflammation (eg, nodular dermatitis, osteomyelitis), immune complex deposition (eg, glomerulonephritis), and/or autoantibody production (eg, polymyositis). This is a compensatory but detrimental mechanism generated mainly because of the insufficient killing capacity of macrophages against the parasite in the susceptible dog. Clinical disease is typically exemplified as exfoliative and/or ulcerative dermatitis, with or without nasodigital hyperkeratosis and onychogryphosis, glomerulonephritis, atrophic myositis of masticatory muscles, anterior uveitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, epistaxis, and/or polyarthritis, appearing alone or in various combinations. The pathogenesis of these clinical conditions has recently been highlighted, to a greater or lesser extent. The usually subclinical conditions expressed as chronic colitis, chronic hepatitis, vasculitis, myocarditis, osteomyelitis, orchiepididymitis, and meningoencephalomyelitis, though uncommon, are of pathologic importance from a differential point of view. The leading cause of death among canine leishmaniasis patients is chronic proteinuric nephritis that may progress to end-stage kidney disease, nephrotic syndrome, and/or systemic hypertension. However, even the asymptomatic proteinuria, when profuse, may be a serious problem because it predisposes to arterial thromboembolism and eventually contributes to the deterioration of the body condition.
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PMID:Pathologic mechanisms underlying the clinical findings in canine leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum/chagasi. 2451 Sep 47

Mechanic's hands is a well-characterized manifestation of select idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) syndromes. Less well characterized is the hyperkeratosis of the toes and plantar surface of the feet that can also accompany these disorders. We aim to describe common pedal signs in the context of IIM, and suggest that it may be another key feature in the presentation of these syndromes. A cohort of 2145 myositis patient charts gathered since 2003 were retrospectively reviewed using the key search terms "mechanic's feet" and/or "mechanic's foot." Charts that included either phrase were further reviewed for clinical characteristics. Nine patients were identified with documentation describing "mechanic's feet" or "mechanic's foot." All nine affected individuals carried a diagnosis of DM, seven of whom also met criteria for antisynthetase syndrome. In eight patients (89%), it presented in conjunction with mechanic's hands. Six (67%) presented with anti-Jo-1 antibodies, and three (33%) were seronegative. Although the term "mechanic's feet" has been used to describe this clinical finding in patients in our myositis cohort, we propose the term "hiker's feet," given that the presentation resembles a callousing pattern more typical of avid hikers or long-distance walkers. Prevalence data are not yet known but should be considered for further study. If the presenting signs of IIM are expanded to include hiker's feet, it could aid in not only diagnosis and management but also provide insights into the pathophysiology of these diseases.
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PMID:"Hiker's feet": a novel cutaneous finding in the inflammatory myopathies. 2838 87

We report the epidemiological, clinical and pathological features of an outbreak of Paranannizziopsis australasiensis (order Onygenales) in captive African bush vipers (Atheris squamigera) (ABVs) that died suddenly. The snakes had multifocal, raised, white-grey to dark brown discoloured cutaneous patches. Microscopically, all had integumentary lesions characterized by multifocal to coalescent necroheterophilic epidermitis with superficial and intraepidermal fungal elements and bacteria. Concurrent epidermal hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis and intracellular and intercellular oedema, often leading to vesiculation, and fasciitis/superficial myositis, were consistent findings in all snakes, while ulceration (9/11) and dysecdysis (5/11) varied. A panfungal polymerase chain reaction targeting the internal transcribed spacer-2 region, and gene sequencing, confirmed P. australasiensis infection in three cases. This is the first report of P. australasiensis in the USA and the first record of paranannizziopsis infection in African bush vipers. P. australasiensis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of dermatomycosis in snakes and represents a potential threat to reptile conservation programmes.
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PMID:Outbreak of Paranannizziopsis australasiensis Infection in Captive African Bush Vipers (Atheris squamigera). 3328 59