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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Paraspinal muscle biopsy was done on the erector spinae muscles in sixty consecutive scoliotic patients. Together with the clinical and muscle biopsy findings, these sixty patients were classified into thirty-two patients with idiopathic scoliosis, eleven patients with myopathic scoliosis, nine patients with neuropathic scoliosis, and eight patients with miscellaneous scoliosis. Of the thirty-two patients with idiopathic scoliosis, nineteen cases displayed neurogenic changes in the grouping of the Type 1 fibers and target fiber formation more common on the convex side back muscles. The myopathies consisted of central core disease, nemalin myopathy, congenital fiber type disproportion, mitochondrial myopathy, congenital muscular dystrophy, and myositis. Patients with neuropathic scoliosis all showed loss of the normal mosaic pattern and grouping of both Type 1 and 2 fibers in their muscle biopsies. This result indicates that there is a variety of neuromuscular diseases in scoliotic patients. The neurogenic changes observed more commonly on the convex side muscle of idiopathic scoliotic patients deserve further investigation.
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PMID:Morphological studies on the erector spinae muscle in sixty consecutive scoliotic patients. 324

Pathogenesis of Aino virus (AIV), a suspected causative agent of congenital abnormalities of calves, has not yet been established by experimental infection of dams. To investigate the pathogenesis, 10(3) median tissue culture infective doses per 0.2 ml of AIV strain JaNAr 28 was inoculated into the yolk sac of 8-day-old chick embryos. At 4, 7, 10, and 13 days post-inoculation (PI) 20 eggs were opened and macro- and microscopic studies combined with virus recovery and immunohistochemical detection of the virus antigen were performed. At 7 to 13 days PI chick embryos manifested marked hydranencephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia, arthrogryposis, and scoliosis, with the highest incidences of 86.7%, 73.3%, 80.0%, and 20.0%, respectively. At 4 days PI the viral antigen was found in nerve cells, gitter cells in mild necrotic foci of the central nervous system (CNS), degenerative myotubules, and macrophages in the interstitium, which was associated with the early phase of AIV-induced encephalitis and polymyositis, with occasional accompanying hemorrhage and clumping of myotubular fragments. From 7 to 10 days PI, AIV antigen increased markedly in the liquefactive necrosis and in both degenerative and normal-looking myotubules in conjunction with developing hydranencephaly and arthrogryposis. The encephalitis and myositis had a tendency to mitigate by 10 days PI, coincident with a slight decrease in amount of AIV antigen. At 13 days PI there was almost no detectable AIV antigen in CNS and skeletal muscles, probably due to depletion of cells having affinity to AIV.
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PMID:Hydranencephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia, and myopathy in chick embryos infected with aino virus. 895 26

Congenital malformations have been reported in all classes of vertebrates and may be a determinant of life span and survival. In reptiles, the incidence of congenital malformations can be associated with genetic and environmental causes, including pollution. The characterization of pathological processes involved in the development of congenital malformations of bone in snakes is rare in the literature, but is of great relevance in the field of reptile conservation and environmental health. We describe congenital bone lesions in 50 newborn jararaca (Bothrops jararaca) and 26 South American rattlesnakes (Crotalus durissus terrificus) born from wild-caught pregnant females in Southeastern Brazil. Lesions were evaluated by morphometric quantitative analysis, x-ray microtomography, and histopathologic descriptive analysis. Morphometric analysis showed that jararaca presented more severe axial lesions (kyphosis, scoliosis, and kyphoscoliosis) than rattlesnakes. Female rattlesnakes presented more severe axial lesions than did males. In rattlesnakes, spinal deformities were more frequently diagnosed in the caudal segment of the body. We present x-ray microtomographic assessments and images of malformed snakes (n=9) and characterized novel malformations, such as the agenesis of frontal, parietal, and supraoccipital bones in a jararaca specimen. Histopathologic findings included vertebral body fusion, myositis, coagulation necrosis, and disorganization of periaxial muscle fibers. The new methods and results presented in this study will be useful and informative for future research in pathology, teratology, embryology, and ecotoxicology in snakes.
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PMID:MICROCOMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC, MORPHOMETRIC, AND HISTOPATHOLOGIC ASSESSMENT OF CONGENITAL BONE MALFORMATIONS IN TWO NEOTROPICAL VIPERIDS. 2846 28