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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Myositis in the hip joint is a rare entity in sportsmen. Repeated trauma or massage can be detrimental. Successful outcome depends upon the recognition of mature, well-organized new bone, and full excision. Best results can be obtained by performing surgery on a biologically sound joint which contains no trace of active or latent inflammation. The joint should be immobilized till the soft tissue trauma has completely healed. Rehabilitation must be in stages.
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PMID:Myositis of the hip in a professional soccer player. A case report. 334 86

Immunohistochemical method detecting dystrophin in muscle biopsies was introduced and applied in 121 cases with a large scale of neuromuscular diseases. A monoclonal antibody NCL-DYS 2 (Novocastra) was used for the detection of C-terminal domain of dystrophin. Normal, i.e. sarcolemmal, localization of dystrophin was found in controls, in inactivity atrophy, neurogenic lesions and congenital myopathies. A similar situation except regenerating fibres was found in myositis and progressive muscular dystrophies different from Duchenne (DMD) and Becker (BMD) types, DMD cases showed a complete or nearly complete loss of sarcolemmal reaction product, whereas a partial loss of dystrophin in membrane was found in BMD cases as well as in transmitter females. Fibres splitting during neurogenic and myogenic lesions had dystrophin in newly produced sarcolemmal parts. Sarcolemmal immunoreactivity starting as early as in the 10th-12th week of gestation was found in human fetuses.
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PMID:[Monoclonal antibodies to dystrophin in biopsy diagnosis of Duchenne and Becker progressive muscular dystrophies]. 802 Jan 13

Tenascin-C (TN-C) is an extracellular matrix protein expressed during development in several tissues, but restricted to only a few areas in normal adult tissues. By immunizing mice with human fetal myoblasts we generated a monoclonal antibody to TN-C and mapped the epitope to the aminoterminal end containing EGF-like repeats. Using this antibody we detected by immunohistochemistry TN-C in the epimysium and perimysium of human fetal muscles, as well as in nonfibrillar deposits in myoblast cultures. In situ hybridization did not reveal any signal within human fetal muscle groups, suggesting that non-muscle cells synthesize the majority of the tenascin that localizes in and around human fetal muscle. Immunohistochemical analysis of muscle biopsies from Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy and myositis patients revealed that TN-C is expressed in skeletal muscle. Although the patterns of TN-C immunoreactivity were quite different in the two disease entities, the endomysial TN-C reactivity in both DMD/BMD and in myositis invariably correlated with the presence of macrophages.
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PMID:Tenascin-C expression correlates with macrophage invasion in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and in myositis. 913 39

Although much remains to be learned about the immune-mediated myositis syndromes, information generated from recent studies in a number of areas may assist physicians in patient management. Topics reviewed here include: data supporting the association of myositis with cancer and the appropriate evaluations for malignancy in a myositis patient; an approach to the assessment of patients with dermatomyositis sine myositis; the usefulness of the clinicopathological and serological classifications; a discussion of whether childhood and adult myositis are the same or different entities; a review of those prognostic factors to consider in the clinical management of myositis patients; current approaches and their limitations for assessing disease activity and damage. To improve our limited understanding of the myositis syndromes, national and international collaborations are needed to obtain the necessary numbers of subjects, given the rarity and heterogeneity of these disorders.
Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2000 Mar
PMID:Idiopathic inflammatory muscle disease: clinical aspects. 1088 13

The inflammatory myopathies - myositis - encompass a heterogeneous group of chronic muscle disorders of unknown origin and with varying prognoses. New clinical phenotypes of myositis have been identified since the most widely used classification criteria were proposed in 1975. Based on clinical and histopathological features, inclusion body myositis was identified. Furthermore, the myositis-specific autoantibodies may also identify different clinical phenotypes and serve as prognostic markers. The different classifications and inclusion criteria that have been used in different studies make some epidemiological data uncertain. In order to improve our knowledge of causative factors, as well as of pathogenic mechanisms, there is a need for revision and also for an international acceptance of the classification criteria. During recent years, our knowledge has increased regarding the role of some genetic and environmental factors that could affect susceptibility for developing myositis as well as the prognosis. Whether there is an association between myositis and malignancies has been a subject of controversy for many years and recent epidemiological data have brought some clarification on this issue.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2002 Dec
PMID:Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies - myositis. 1247 76

Three hundred and sixty-five patients were given tetracaine intravenously for various types of pain and neuromuscular tension. In the treatment of pain, myositis, muscle spasm, and visceral spasm most patients were relieved. Best results were obtained in syndromes in which pain was associated with muscle spasm, such as in pain in the lower part of the back and scalenus anticus syndromes. The effects of tetracaine intravenously are those of analgesia, vasodilatation, and relaxation of spastic muscle. Sixty-five of the patients were treated for neuromuscular tension, and there was good relaxation and increased comfort. Alcoholics were relieved of some of the tension symptoms and may have been helped to resist the desire to drink. Of 14 patients with premenstrual tension, 13 had complete relief. Eight patients with mixed anxiety and tension states also responded well. Toxic and allergic reactions were negligible, and other side effects were infrequent and of no consequence.
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PMID:Treatment of pain and neuromuscular tension; a report on intravenous use of tetracaine in 365 cases. 1297 93

The paediatric idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a group of rare but serious systemic autoimmune conditions of childhood. The most common of the paediatric IIMs is juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), while polymyositis and inclusion body myositis are rare in children. JDM has a significantly different spectrum of disease from adult dermatomyositis. Juvenile myositis can also occur as part of other systemic autoimmune diseases such as scleroderma and systemic lupus erythematosus. There has recently been significant progress towards the development and validation of tools to measure disease activity and damage in the paediatric IIMs. In addition, several new therapeutic avenues have been used to treat JDM. This review will discuss developments in the diagnostic criteria for JDM, the clinical types and course of these conditions, recent progress in disease assessment, treatment options and new developments in research into the pathogenesis of paediatric IIM.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2004 Jun
PMID:Paediatric idiopathic inflammatory muscle disease. 1515 45

Infectious myositis, an infection of the skeletal muscle(s), is uncommon. This clinical entity may be caused by viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic pathogens. Viral etiologies typically cause diffuse myalgias and/or myositis, whereas bacteria and fungi usually lead to a local myositis which may be associated with sites compromised by trauma or surgery and are more common among immunocompromised patients. Localized collections within the muscles are referred to as pyomyositis. Other pyogenic causes of myositis include gas gangrene, group A streptococcal myonecrosis, and other types of non-clostridial myonecrosis. Early recognition and treatment of these conditions are necessary as they may rapidly become life-threatening.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2006 Dec
PMID:Infection and musculoskeletal conditions: Infectious myositis. 1712 98

Although there is still an emotional debate over the existence of mixed connective tissue disease, the evidence from animal models suggests that anti-U1RNP antibodies, similar to other autoantibodies in other connective tissue diseases (such as antisynthetase, anticentromere, and antitopoisomerase), play a pathophysiological role in this disease. Despite an antiendothelial effect of anti-U1RNP antibodies, which is reminiscent of anticentromere antibodies, patients with high-titer autoantibodies to U1RNP in the absence of anti-Sm antibodies do not usually have or develop typical systemic sclerosis. Instead, their severe Raynaud's syndrome is commonly accompanied by arthritis, which can be erosive, and by swollen/puffy hands and myositis. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is the major life-threatening complication in these patients and regular screening for this condition is essential.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2007 Dec
PMID:Mixed connective tissue disease: what is behind the curtain? 1806 60

A group of case histories with appropriate muscle biopsy findings is presented to demonstrate some atypical presentations of the inflammatory myopathies. Differential diagnostic possibilities are considered in presentations of idiopathic polymyositis, statin myotoxicity, the inflammatory component with the dysferlinopathies, treated dermatomyositis, a necrotizing myopathy with pipe-stem microvascular change, an inflammatory myopathy with abundant macrophages, inclusion-body myositis, and the differential diagnosis of problems with eosinophilic infiltration in the muscle biopsy. Attention is given to the role of membrane attack complex deposition in the microvasculature and the role of major histiocompatibility complex-1-expressing muscle fibers indicating activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2007 Dec
PMID:Diagnostic uncertainty in the inflammatory myopathies. 1806 61


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