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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Necrotizing fasciitis and myositis due to Lancefield group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal infection is a medical emergency. Survival depends on aggressive early wound management as well as high-dose intravenous antibiotics. We report about a 28-year-old man with fulminant necrotizing fasciitis and myositis of his right arm, in whom many features of the toxic shock syndrome were present, including profound hypotension and renal failure. After extensive surgical debridement with amputation of his arm in combination with high-dose intravenous penicillin G the patient recovered from this serious infection.
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PMID:[Toxic shock syndrome caused by Streptococcus pyogenes]. 786 65

Necrotizing fasciitis is a relatively rare, potentially life-threatening infection involving the subcutaneous tissues. We report a case of group A streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis/myositis in which CT played an important role in differential diagnosis.
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PMID:Necrotizing fasciitis and myositis: a case report. 802 89

Three days after liposuction of the lower abdomen, a 41-year-old woman was admitted for toxic shock-like syndrome with necrotising fasciitis and myositis, caused by Lancefield-group-A beta-haemolytic streptococci. The patient was treated by radical debridement of the skin, subcutis, fasciae and part of the pectoral muscle, plus antibiotics. Postoperatively she required artificial respiration for respiratory insufficiency. One week after the operation the wound was covered by transplantation of autologous skin. The patient survived, but was seriously disfigured. Necrotising fasciitis is a progressive soft-tissue infection, characterised by widespread necrosis of the superficial and deep fascia, often associated with severe systemic toxic reactions. Unless quickly recognised and aggressively treated, the course is often fatal. Due to the absence of cutaneous findings in the early stages, diagnosis is difficult. Important diagnostic aids are routine laboratory tests, contrast-MRI and a combination of the finger test and frozen-section biopsy. Treatment consists of early radical debridement, broad-spectrum antibiotics and supportive care. In a later stage, soft-tissue reconstruction with autografts or artificial skin grafts and skin transposition can be performed.
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PMID:[Necrotising fasciitis and myositis as serious complications after liposuction]. 1289 19

Necrotising myositis is a surgical emergency. It is underappreciated that it may present without changes in the skin. Diagnosis is therefore often delayed. We describe a case of necrotising myositis necessitating glenohumeral disarticulation. Remarkable features were the absence of skin signs and the rapidity with which the patient became extremely septic. A review of the literature has shown the importance of early diagnosis and quick decision making to minimise mortality.
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PMID:Necrotising myositis: a surgical emergency that may have minimal changes in the skin. 1725 3

Necrotizing fasciitis and myositis are life-threatening infections involving the superficial fascia and musculature, respectively. Outcome depends on early diagnosis and aggressive treatment. Here, we aimed to determine prognostic factors for necrotizing soft tissue infections.The medical records of 16 consecutive patients diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis (n = 13) and necrotizing myositis (n = 3) from 1999 to 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. Overall survival was 81.3% for necrotizing soft tissue infections, 84.6% for necrotizing fasciitis, and 66.7% for necrotizing myositis. Injection drug use was the most common cause of infection (31.3%). Frequent comorbidities were diabetes mellitus and hepatitis B and C (25.0%). As infectious agents, group A streptococci (GAS) were identified in 10 patients and multiple pathogens in 6 patients. Lethal outcome was always associated with GAS infection and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). In our patients, myonecrosis, GAS infection, and STSS appeared to be negative prognostic factors for survival in necrotizing soft tissue infections.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in necrotizing fasciitis and myositis: analysis of 16 consecutive cases at a single institution in Switzerland. 1745 37

Necrotising fasciitis and necrotising myositis are rare but serious life threatening conditions reported mainly in human beings and dogs. Most cases to date have been caused by beta-haemolytic streptococci of Lancefield groups A, B, C or G. Necrotising fasciitis has been reported only twice in cats and necrotising myositis has never been described. This paper describes a fatal case of necrotising fasciitis and myositis with pneumonia and septicaemia in a nine-year-old cat. The cat had been undergoing treatment for a suspected tear of the cranial cruciate ligament, but on the seventh day of treatment it suddenly deteriorated and died. On postmortem examination, there was an area of hair loss from its left hindlimb and discoloration of the underlying fascia and biceps femoris muscle. Severe necrotising fasciitis and myositis, with numerous intralesional Gram-positive coccoid bacteria, was diagnosed histologically. Other findings included necrotising pneumonia, pleuritis, focal encephalitis, myocarditis and nephritis. Culture of the affected tissues yielded a pure, heavy growth of Streptococcus canis.
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PMID:Fatal necrotising fasciitis and myositis in a cat associated with Streptococcus canis. 1839 Aug 55

Disseminated cryptococcosis uncommonly presents with skin lesions in immunocompromised hosts. Necrotizing fasciitis, necrotizing vasculitis, myositis, or necrotizing soft tissue infection are even more rare presentations. We report 3 cases of cryptococcal necrotizing soft tissue infection, 2 in renal transplant patients, and 1 in a heart transplant patient, and discuss similar cases from the literature. Cryptococcus neoformans should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cellulitis or necrotizing soft tissue infections in immunocompromised patients.
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PMID:Cryptococcal disease presenting as necrotizing cellulitis in transplant recipients. 1942 69

Necrotising fasciitis (NF) is situated with myositis and myonecrosis at the severe end of a spectrum of skin and soft tissue infections but is far removed from erisepelas, impetigo and cellulitis. Inexperienced clinicians are easily misled by the protean manifestations of infection, especially exotoxin or superantigen mediated consequences from streptococcal NF. Early clinical suspicion and surgery are key to improving survival, and patients with NF need integrated multidisciplinary management, adjusted to the infecting organism(s), the site of infection, and the effects from any toxins produced. A multiparametric approach, incorporating various clinical and laboratory parameters, can aid aggressive management. This review describes the diagnosis and management of the major types of NF, emphasising important aetiological clues from the history and the appropriate usage of diagnostic investigations. The potential benefits of controversial therapeutic approaches, including hyperbaric oxygen and intravenous immunoglobulin, are discussed.
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PMID:Diagnosis and management of necrotising fasciitis: a multiparametric approach. 2054 93

Necrotizing myositis is a severe and very rare streptococcal soft tissue infection involving the superficial fascia and muscle. Its clinical symptoms are nonspecific until the appearance of a fulminant clinical course with soft tissue destruction and septic shock. A high mortality and morbidity rate has been reported in the few cases over the last century. Despite several attempts to better define the different entities causing this necrotizing soft tissue infection, no clear treatment has been outlined. We present the case of a 47-year-old woman who had an acute necrotizing myositis after a stab wound. The diagnosis of necrotizing myositis was only established after surgical treatment with a pathology report. We reviewed the literature to highlight the clinical difficulty of a preoperative diagnosis and surgical treatment.
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PMID:Necrotizing streptococcal myositis of an extremity: a rare case report. 2127 7

This report describes a case of necrotising myositis of the obturator internus and piriformis muscles. Necrotising myositis is a rare result of group A streptococcal infection. It is usually fatal and has not been described previously in the obturator internus and piriformis. We describe how, following presentation to an emergency department, rapid diagnosis was arrived at by clinically guided radiological investigation. The report considers the possible aetiology of the condition, the diagnosis and its management, and reviews the relevant literature.
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PMID:Streptococcal necrotising myositis of obturator internus and piriformis in a type 2 diabetic patient presenting as sepsis of unknown origin. 2192 99


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