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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The inoculation of equine herpesvirus type 3 (EHV3) strain 65/61 into the amniotic cavity of a mare 6-7 months pregnant resulted in abortion 11 days later. Following abortion typical lesions of coital exanthema were not observed in the genital tract of the mare, nor was EHV3 isolated from her. Serological evidence, however, indicated that the mare was infected with EHV3 following inoculation. Grossly the foetal disease was characterised by placentitis, focal ulcerative dermatitis, focal necrosis of the lungs and a striking diptheritic gastritis. Histological findings were interstitial pneumonia, diffuse hepatitis, generalised myositis, extensive vascular necrosis and degeneration of a range of epithelial cells. EHV3 was isolated from the placenta and placental fluids, stomach fluid, pooled thoracic and abdominal fluid, skin, lung, spleen and small intestine of the foetus.
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PMID:Equine herpesviruses: type 3 as an abortigenic agent. 18 3

Sixteen 1- to 7-week-old pregnant specific-pathogen free cats were inoculated orally with Toxoplasma gondii cysts. Fetuses and neonatal kittens were examined for toxoplasma infection by inoculating suspensions of their tissues into mice. Toxoplasma gondii was not isolated from 23 fetuses and 16 newborn kittens from 13 queens. Six (3 litters) of the 15 kittens from the 3 remaining queens were killed on the day of or a day after birth, and the remaining 9 kittens were housed with their mothers for 7 to 33 days. None of the 9 kittens from the 2 litters examined between 0 and 33 days of age was infected with T gondii. In the other litter, T gondii was isolated from 3 kittens killed at 9, 16, and 22 days of age but not from 3 littermates killed on days 1, 1, and 22. Internal organs from the 3 kittens with proved toxoplasma infectivity in mice were examined histologically. Multifocal granulomatous encephalitis, hepatitis, nephritis, myocarditis, myositis, and interstitial pneumonia were found in all 3 kittens. Toxoplasma forms were demonstrated histologically in the tissues of 2 of these kittens. The mode of toxoplasma infection in newborn kittens was not determined but did not appear to be either transplacental or via fecal contamination from oocysts excreted by the mother cat. Evidence obtained in these experiments suggests that transplacental toxoplasma infection in the cat is not an important epidemiologic factor in perpetuation of the disease in the feline population.
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PMID:Attempted transmission of Toxoplasma gondii infection from pregnant cats to their kittens. 55 68

Gross and microscopic lesions caused by Parelaphostrongylus andersoni were studied in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) infected with large (1000 or 5000) and moderate (200-356) numbers of third-stage larvae. In heavy infections, adult worms caused eosinophilic myositis in the loin and thigh. Masses of eosinophils underwent caseous necrosis surrounded by a granulomatous border. Adult worms, eggs, and larvae were in the lesions. Muscle damage caused by moderate doses was slight. One deer given a moderate dose maintained a patent infection for more than 1 year and was reinfected. Gross lung damage caused by eggs and larvae occurred with both degrees of infection and consisted of firm miliary nodules. Microscopically, the main changes were granulomatous encapsulation of eggs and first-stage larvae in alveolar capillaries, accumulations of eosinophils and mononuclear inflammatory cells in the adjacent alveolar septa, congestion, and interstitial pneumonia.
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PMID:Experimental Parelaphostrongylus andersoni infections in white-tailed deer. 98 53

Pathological examinations of 28 wild-caught Mastomys natalensis from Sierra Leone, 14 of which were positive for Lassa virus by tissue culture, are reported. The high frequency of neoplastic and degenerative diseases observed among older animals in closed colonies of M. natalensis were not observed in the wild animals studied. This is probably a reflection of the age distribution of the study population, since the life expectancy of wild Mastomys is less than a year. Inflammatory lesions were nonetheless identified, some of which were similar to those described in laboratory colonies. Frequent lesions were myocarditis (54%), myositis (32%), interstitial pneumonitis (50%), intercapillary glomerulosclerosis (36%), and acute nephrosis (14%). Follicular and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia were evident in the spleen (74%) and Peyer's patches (64%). Lymphoid cell accumulations were prominent in the salivary glands (36%), periportal hepatic region (25%), lungs (32%), perivascular regions (36%), and kidney (21%). Cytomegalic inclusion body sialoadenitis was common (25%). Coccidiosis was evident in the intestinal tract (25%), kidney (25%), and muscle (21%). One neoplasm, a parahepatic haemangioma, was observed histologically.Mean body weights and lengths for virus-positive animals (33 g and 9.2 cm) and virus-negative animals (54 g and 12.2 cm) showed that virus-positive animals were smaller in weight and shorter in length. Since the age of the animals could not be determined, these differences remain unexplained.In comparison with virus-negative animals, virus-positive Mastomys had higher frequencies of splenic follicular hyperplasia (82% against 50%), myocarditis (79% against 29%), perivascular lymphoid cell accumulation (57% against 7%), myositis (50% against 14%), and cytomegalic inclusion body sialoadenitis (36% against 14%). The frequency of lymphoid hyperplasia of Peyer's patches was high in both groups of animals (71% and 57%).The presence of Lassa virus, small size, myocarditis, and lymphoid perivasculitis appeared to be interrelated, but larger and better controlled studies are required to elucidate the relationship.
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PMID:Lassa virus infection in Mastomys natalensis in Sierra Leone. Gross and microscopic findings in infected and uninfected animals. 108 21

A 55-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of high fever, nonproductive cough and dyspnea. Initially she had been treated with cephem antibiotics by a local doctor. However, acute respiratory failure due to severe pneumonia developed. The partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood was 55.5 Torr. Her chest X-ray revealed wide-spread infiltrates with air bronchograms throughout the entire left lung, and pleural effusions were also present in the chest CT scan. Because the patient had a history of the contact with birds, we suspected psittacosis and administered Minocycline immediately. As a result, her clinical condition improved and the abnormal shadow on the chest X-ray film improved markedly in three days. Because the serum titer of a complement fixation test against Chlamydia rose to 1:512, we made the diagnosis of psittacosis. In addition, femoral muscle pain, and a high level of serum GOT, GPT, CK, Aldolase and Myoglobin indicated hepatitis and myositis. In the lung tissue specimens obtained by TBLB performed on the 10th hospital day, slight interstitial pneumonia and intracellular inclusion bodies were found by light microscopy and Chlamydial agents were found electron microscopically.
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PMID:[A case of fulminant psittacosis showing Chlamydia in TBLB specimens]. 204 Dec 51

Six cats (Nos. 1-6) were inoculated intramuscularly with (1 x 10(6)) and orally (5 x 10(5)) tachyzoites of Neospora caninum. Three (Nos. 1-3) of the six cats were given 40 mg/kg methylprednisolone acetate 7 days before and on the day of inoculation with N. caninum tachyzoites, and three cats (Nos. 4-6) were not given methylprednisolone acetate. Two of the cats (cat Nos. 1 and 2) given methylprednisolone acetate died suddenly. Cat No. 1 died 8 days post-inoculation, and cat No. 2 died 16 days post-inoculation. Cat No. 3 was euthanatized 21 days post-inoculation. Cat No. 1 had lesions of gram-positive bacterial septicemia. Necrotizing encephalitis, myelitis, disseminated skeletal muscle necrosis, hepatic necrosis, interstitial pneumonia, and renal tubular necrosis were the main lesions in cat Nos. 2 and 3. The cats that were not given methylprednisolone acetate remained clinically normal except for slight weight loss in cat No. 6. All three of these cats were euthanatized 55 days post-inoculation. Mild myositis and encephalitis were noted on microscopic examination of tissues from these three cats. Neuromuscular lesions were not seen in six control cats (Nos. 7-12) not inoculated with N. caninum and euthanatized 21 or 22 days after administration of the first two doses of methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg/kg), given at a weekly interval.
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PMID:Neosporosis in cats. 223 86

Two middle-aged women showed typical erythematous heliotrope eruption and Gottron's sign without any symptom of myositis. The patients were diagnosed as 'amyopathic dermatomyositis' because of normal serum CPK levels, normal EMG and no histological abnormality by muscle biopsy. Clinical manifestations improved by the treatment with corticosteroids. During tapering of corticosteroids, however, intersititial pneumonitis developed and rapidly progressed. The first patients was treated with methylprednisolone pulse therapy, azathiopurine and methotrexate. The second patients was treated with betamethazone, methlprednisolone pulse therapy and cyclosporin A. In spite of these extensive immunosuppressive therapies, both patients died of pulmonary insufficiency a few months after admission. In the literature there has been only several cases of amyopathic dermatomyositis and only one case with fatal rapidly progressive interstitial pneumonitis. A new approach to the treatment of this disease should be made.
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PMID:[Two cases of amyopathic dermatomyositis with fatal rapidly progressive interstitial pneumonitis]. 224 55

Forty-four budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) were administered sporocysts of Sarcocystis falcatula orally and were examined at necropsy intervals from less than 12 hr to 168 days. Tissue were examined by touch preparations (of organ cut surfaces), light microscopy, and electron microscopy. Meront and cyst burdens were determined in various organs and correlated with duration of infection, inoculum, and the meront or cyst burdens of other organs. Host inflammatory tissue reactions were quantitated and correlated with meront and cyst burdens. Quantitation of meronts was more accurate in tissue sections than in touch preparations, but quantitation of merozoites was better in touch preparations. More than 97% of meronts were found in capillary, venular, and venous endothelial cells. Cysts were found only in cardiac and skeletal myocytes. Merogony began in the lamina propria of the small intestine less than 12 hr postinoculation (PI). Meronts were in liver and lung by the second day PI and in other organs by 3-7 days PI. Mean meront burdens were highest in lung (33 meronts/mm2), lower in liver and kidney (1-3 meronts/mm2), and infrequent in other organs (less than 0.9 meronts/mm2). Cysts were first seen in cardiac myocytes 7 days PI. They developed through the metrocyte stage and then degenerated, rarely reaching maturity. Cysts were first noted in skeletal muscle at 8 days PI. In leg, upper esophagus, and tongue, cysts matured between 44 and 77 days PI. In pectoral muscles, the majority of cysts degenerated during the late metrocyte and early intermediate stages (28-42 days PI). In addition to a previously reported and often fatal acute interstitial pneumonitis, S. falcatula-infected budgerigars also sustained a chronic active hepatitis, interstitial myocarditis, myositis, nephritis, splenitis, and encephalitis. These lesions weakly correlated with meront burdens in most sites during early infection (up to 50 days PI).
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PMID:Pathogenesis of Sarcocystis falcatula (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) in the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus). III. Pathologic and quantitative parasitologic analysis of extrapulmonary disease. 249 17

Experimental infection with Herpesvirus sylvilagus produces clinical and histopathologic changes in its natural host, the cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus floridanus), similar to those observed in humans acutely infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Twenty-seven seronegative cottontail rabbits were infected with Herpesvirus sylvilagus and all developed antibodies within 10 days. Neutralizing antibody was detected as early as 7 days after infection. Virus was isolated from blood mononuclear cells, spleen, bone marrow, thymus, lymph nodes, kidneys, lung, and liver as early as 3 days after infection. Infected animals showed leucocytosis, monocytosis, and lymphocytosis with the appearance of atypical lymphocytes. Peripheral blood abnormalities peaked at 10-14 days after infection, and returned to normal by 28 days after infection, with the exception of atypical lymphocytosis that persisted in some animals for more than 2 years after experimental infection. More severe histopathologic changes were seen in virus-infected juvenile rabbits than adult rabbits; these changes included viral myocarditis, interstitial pneumonia, and lymphocytic myositis. Reactive hyperplasia and subsequent lymphocytic depletion of spleen and lymph nodes were reminiscent of that seen in virus-associated hemophagocytosis syndrome. Prominent lymphoid hyperplasia of many nonlymphoid organs, most notably the kidney and lungs, was observed. The development of these lymphoproliferative lesions and other lymphoid changes during H. sylvilagus infection suggest that this system may be a model to study similar lesions induced by EBV infection in humans.
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PMID:Pathogenesis of Herpesvirus sylvilagus infection in cottontail rabbits. 284 3

Sixteen of 32 Friesian calves, 8 to 10 weeks old, died over 4 weeks. The calves were housed in pens previously used by dogs. Clinical signs included anorexia, pale mucous membranes, rapid weight loss, coughing and palpably enlarged superficial lymph nodes. At necropsy, calves were emaciated and had generalised enlargement of lymph nodes, pale mottling of skeletal muscles, excess peritoneal, thoracic and pericardial fluid and subpleural and subepicardial haemorrhages. Histologically there was a lymphadenitis, myositis, myocarditis, glomerulonephritis, interstitial pneumonitis and encephalitis. Schizonts of a sporozoan parasite, presumably Sarcocystis cruzi were found in the endothelial cells of blood vessels in many organs.
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PMID:An outbreak of sarcocystosis in dairy cattle. 308 19


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