Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Among 2175 patients seen over the last three years in a non-specialized department of internal medicine with no intensive care unit, 100 had supranormal serum lactic dehydrogenase activities. These patients' case-reports have been analyzed. Nearly half the patients (47/100) had a malignant disease (cancer or hemopathy). Among the remaining patients, 19 had a hepatic disorder (alcohol hepatitis in 10, viral hepatitis in 8, and isoniazide hepatitis in 1), 7 had a heart disease (heart failure with hepatomegaly in 5, myocardial infarction in 2), and 27 had various other conditions (including hemolysis in 6 and polymyositis en 3). The value of serum LDH assay is obvious in situations other than acute conditions such as myocardial infarction of pulmonary embolism; these are better known and have not been studied here as their prevalence was low among the patients enlisted in our study. In comparison to other enzymes (alkaline phosphatase (AP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), transaminases (GOT, GPT) that were also routinely assayed in our patients, abnormal serum LDH activities are much less common and their significance is quite different. An increase in serum and their significance is quite different. An increase in serum LDH activity indicates a serious condition, often with a fatal outcome. The "various other conditions" group includes patients with hemolysis, hepatitis and myositis; the other patients in this group either had severe infectious diseases or died suddenly in the first few days of their hospitalization before diagnosis had been established. Each etiologic group has been analyzed to asses the characteristics of patients with increased LDH activity according to each etiology. Analysis of coincident abnormalities of the other enzymes listed above shows marked differences between etiologic groups; diagnostic accuracy can thus be enhanced in certain conditions. Most patients with malignancies had poorly differentiated tumors, with metastases: 28 had an epithelial tumor, with hepatic and/or bone metastases in 23 cases, 5 had cancer of the liver, 10 had a malignant hemopathy (2 lymphomas, 5 myeloproliferative syndromes, 3 acute leukemias), and 4 had a sarcoma. Cancer of the lung is the most common malignancy (10 cases) and may be responsible for increased serum LDH activity even in patients without metastases. Serum LDH assay is of value for monitoring the course in patients with initially increased activities as it falls under effective therapy and rises during exacerbations.
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PMID:[Value and diagnostic significance of serum lactic dehydrogenase in internal medicine (author's transl)]. 628 24

Denosumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody to receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), suppresses bone resorption. This open-label, multicenter, phase 1 study evaluated the safety, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of denosumab in Japanese women with breast cancer-related bone metastases. Patients (n = 18; median age, 57 years) received a single subcutaneous injection of denosumab 60 mg or 180 mg or three doses of denosumab 180 mg on days 1, 29, and 57 (every 4 weeks) and were followed for > or = 141 days. No major safety concerns related to denosumab were noted in any cohort. All patients experienced at least 1 adverse event (AE); most were mild (grade < or = 2). One patient reported grade 4 myositis and grade 3 anemia, malaise, and dysphagia that the investigator deemed treatment-related; other treatment-related AE were grade < or = 2. No antidenosumab antibodies or clinically significant changes in laboratory findings, vital signs, or electrocardiograms were observed. Pharmacokinetics were approximately dose-linear. Denosumab caused rapid, substantial, and sustained suppression of urinary N-telopeptide corrected for creatinine (uNTx/Cr) across all doses; at day 85, the median change from baseline uNTx/Cr ranged from -61.9% to -90.8%. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed at any dosage. Coupled with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data, these results were consistent with those observed in non-Japanese populations.
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PMID:Phase 1 trial of denosumab safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics in Japanese women with breast cancer-related bone metastases. 1842 61