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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of isolated unilateral extraocular muscle myositis following an acute upper respiratory tract infection is reported. Painful eye movements, restricted eye motility and exophthalmus but a normal visual acuity are the most important clinical findings. High resolution contrast enhanced CT and MRI are the imaging modalities of choice to differentiate from other orbital pathologies. The solitary enlarged muscle was clearly seen on both the contrast enhanced CT and the MR examination. Preseptal cellulitis was better seen on MRI, whereas high resolution CT was superior in the demonstration of periscleritis. Graves' ophthalmopathy and orbital cellulitis first have to be excluded. Corticosteroids are the therapy of choice in orbital myositis. A control, contrast enhanced CT after 4 weeks showed an almost normal muscle.
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PMID:Orbital myositis following an upper respiratory tract infection: contribution of high resolution CT and MRI. 202 8

Orbital myositis is an uncommon subgroup of the nonspecific orbital inflammatory syndromes (previously termed orbital pseudotumor) and presents with eyelid swelling and redness, conjunctival chemosis, pain, proptosis, and diplopia. The disease is to date of unknown origin; autoimmune processes are suspected for the etiology. In the case of an otherwise healthy young male patient (age 28 years), the coexistence of chronic sinusitis primarily led to the diagnosis of sinugen orbital cellulitis. Despite antibiotic drug administration and surgical drainage of the paranasal sinuses the symptoms persisted. A second computed tomography revealed fusiform, inflammatory enlargement of the m. rectus lateralis. This muscle showed a restrictive paresis so that initially the m. rectus medialis was suspected to be paretic. The patient responded dramatically to administration of prednisolone within 2 days. The differential diagnosis between a sinugen orbital complication and orbital myositis is significant because corticosteroids are contraindicated for orbital cellulitis whereas they remain the therapy of choice for orbital myositis.
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PMID:[Ocular myositis. A rare differential diagnosis of sinus-induced orbital complications]. 1154 88

A 7-week-old infant with sudden onset adduction deficit and proptosis is reported. The main differential diagnoses included orbital myositis, orbital cellulitis, capillary haemangioma and rhabdomyosarcoma. A CT scan revealed a postseptal cellulitis-like picture with thickening of the medial rectus muscle. He was given a course of antibiotics, withholding steroids and biopsy. His condition resolved completely on high-dose antibiotics alone. To our knowledge this is the youngest patient with infectious orbital myositis and postseptal cellulitis described in the literature. The clinical course emphasizes the importance of administering sufficiently high doses of antibiotics.
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PMID:Acute adduction deficit in a 7-week-old infant. 1266 Aug 49

Acute extraocular muscle restriction in children is a rare condition; orbital myositis is the most common cause. Most neuropathic or myopathic causes of strabismus present as an incomitant deviation. We report a case of orbital cellulitis preceding acute comitant esotropia in a patient showing no evidence of myositis or neurologic pathology.
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PMID:Acute acquired comitant esotropia after orbital cellulitis. 1718 56

Orbital myositis is an inflammatory process that primarily involves the extraocular muscles and most commonly affects young adults in the third decade of life, with a female predilection. Clinical characteristics of orbital myositis include orbital and periorbital pain, ocular movement impairment, diplopia, proptosis, swollen eyelids, and conjunctival hyperemia. The most common presentation is acute and unilateral, which initially responds to systemic corticosteroid therapy. However, chronic and recurrent cases may involve both orbits. Many inflammatory, vascular, neoplastic, and infectious conditions that affect the extraocular muscles and other orbital tissue can mimic orbital myositis. The most important differential diagnoses include thyroid-related eye disease, other orbital inflammatory processes (unspecific idiopathic inflammation, vasculitis, and sarcoidosis), orbital cellulitis, and orbital tumors. In refractory, chronic, or recurrent cases, steroid-sparing agents, inmmunosuppressants, or radiation therapy may be indicated.
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PMID:Orbital myositis: diagnosis and management. 1965 80

Idiopathic orbital myositis (IOM) is a subtype of orbital inflammatory disease characterized by primarily involving the extraocular muscle. The signs and symptoms of IOM may also be seen in such processes as orbital cellulitis, primary or metastatic orbital neoplasm, carotid-cavernous fistulae, arteriovenous malformations, cavernous sinus thrombosis, and thyroid eye disease, and because there is no pathognomonic sign, symptoms, laboratory test, or radiologic findings, its diagnosis is often provisional. In our case, diagnosis of IOM was more difficult because our patient presented with proptosis after alloplastic implant insertion in the blow-out fracture. After considering radiologic and physical findings, we concluded that cellulitis was more likely as initial diagnosis. To remove foreign body or pus, surgical exploration was done, but intraoperative findings did not show any pus or sign of infection but diffuse enlargement and swelling of inferior rectus muscle. The diagnosis was confirmed as IOM, and the patient was treated with systemic corticosteroid. Although proptosis after alloplastic insertion in blow-out fracture is usually a sign of cellulitis, this case illustrates that it may also occur in patients with IOM.
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PMID:Idiopathic orbital myositis mimicking orbital cellulitis. 2048 87

Infectious orbital complications after strabismus surgery are rare. Their incidence is estimated to be 1 case per 1,100 surgeries and include preseptal cellulitis, orbital cellulitis, subconjunctival and sub-Tenon's abscesses, myositis, and endophthalmitis. This report describes the case of an otherwise healthy 3-year-old boy who underwent bilateral medial rectus recession and disinsertion of the inferior obliques. A few days after surgery, the patient presented with bilateral periorbital edema and inferotemporal chemosis. A series of CT scans with contrast revealed inferotemporal orbital collections OU. The patient immediately underwent transconjunctival drainage of fibrinous and seropurulent collections in the sub-Tenon's space and experienced rapid improvement a few days later. The patient is reported to be in stable condition in a follow-up examination performed more than a year after the reported events.
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PMID:Bilateral Orbital Abscesses After Strabismus Surgery. 2489 71

Orbital cellulitis is an infection of soft tissue behind the orbital septum. Common pathogens isolated include Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. It is a straightforward diagnosis and usually responds to empirical treatment without any sequela. We report a case of orbital cellulitis caused by Enterococcus faecalis, which was complicated by myositis of levator palpebrae superioris. To the best of our knowledge, only one case report exists dating way back to 1986.
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PMID:A rare case of Enterococcus faecalis-induced orbital cellulitis and myositis. 2768 88

Orbital myositis is a rare manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Herein, we report a case of orbital myositis in a patient with SLE, along with a literature review. A 45-year-old female patient presented with pain in the right eye, chemosis, proptosis, and limited abduction. Computed tomography of her orbits revealed thickening of her right lateral rectus muscle. She had no other systemic symptoms. There was no elevation in the biomarkers of inflammation or disease activity. She was treated with high-dose steroids, and her symptoms resolved rapidly. It is important to maintain a high index of suspicion for orbital myositis in patients with SLE even when there are no systemic disease activities, such that early treatment can be initiated. It is also important to rule out other mimickers such as orbital cellulitis and thyroid eye disease.
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PMID:Orbital myositis in systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report and literature review. 3280 33