Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The structural changes in the cricopharyngeal muscle (CM) were examined ultrastructurally and by enzyme histochemistry in five patients suffering from idiopathic cricopharyngeal dysphagia (ICD). Diagnosis was established by fiberoptic esophagoscopy, esophageal manometry and cineradiography. Cricopharyngeal myotomy was performed with marked improvement in all patients. Intraoperatively, a biopsy was taken from the CM. Additionally, all patients underwent neurological examination for possible generalized muscle disease, and a biopsy was taken from a limb muscle. CM from nine cadavers without known history of dysphagia served as control. The control samples disclosed structural changes which were considered to be pathological in other skeletal muscles, and required that the criteria for CM pathology we modified accordingly. In three patients changes in CM histology suggested specific pathogenesis: one patient had evidence for a generalized myositis but was only symptomatic for dysphagia. Another patient had muscle fiber atrophy and slight inflammation in her CM, possibly due to alcohol abuse. The third patient had loss of CM fibers with replacement by connective tissue enough to cause functional disturbances. In two patients no cause for dysphagia was found in either immunohistochemistry or electron microscopic studies. These results demonstrate the special structural features of the CM and indicate that ICD can have multiple etiologies.
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PMID:Muscle pathology in idiopathic cricopharyngeal dysphagia. Enzyme histochemical and electron microscopic findings. 138 21

The term "necrotizing soft tissue infections" describes a group of limb and life-threatening infections. Depending on the tissue level, microbiology and clinical course the necrotizing soft-tissue infections are classified in primary located infections to the subcutaneous level and fascia--like hemolytic streptococcus gangrene, necrotizing fasciitis, gram-negative synergistic necrotizing cellulitis, clostridium-cellulitis, anaerobic non-clostridium-cellulitis and in primary located infections to the muscle--like clostridium myonecrosis and streptococcal myositis. Between 1989 and 1992, 17 patients with necrotizing soft-tissue infections were treated at the Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich. These infections originated from small traumatic injuries or operative wounds ("neglected wounds"). 11 patients suffered from debilitating diseases like diabetes mellitus, drug or alcohol abuse or were compromised by tumors. The average age was 42 years (21-84 years). Following bacteria were found: Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic Streptococcus, Enterococcus, E. coli, Streptococcus milleri. 2 patients had a mixed infection with more than 3 different bacteria, 6 patients with 2, and 9 patients had a monoinfection. In 14 patients the infection was on the subcutaneous and fascia level, 3 patients showed a myositis or myonecrosis. No patient died, amputation of the limb was necessary in 4 cases. The average hospitalisation was 41 days (13-137 days) whereas 10 patients required between 4 and 53 days intensive care (average 18.3 days). Necrotizing soft-tissue infections are severe illnesses which are underestimated in the primary phase due to atypical or minor primary signs. The infections can be caused by a variety of bacteria and are spreading rapidly.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Necrotizing soft tissue infection of the extremities]. 803 28