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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A young woman with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) had an isolated trigeminal sensory neuropathy as an early manifestation of the disease. Raynaud phenomenon occurred almost synchronously with the onset of trigeminal neuropathy and was followed by myositis, diffuse hand swelling, synovitis, and increased ribonucleoprotein antibody. Mixed connective tissue disease has overlapping features of systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, and polymyositis, and is differentiated from them by high-titer antibody to ribonucleoprotein.
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PMID:Isolated trigeminal sensory neuropathy: early manifestation of mixed connective tissue disease. 21 41

Focal myositis, a benign inflammatory pseudotumor, is a relatively newly defined clinicopathologic entity which arises as a rapidly enlarging swelling within an isolated skeletal muscle. It occurs most often in the lower extremity, and we are reporting what we believe to be the first cases of perioral involvement. There is no apparent age or sex preference. Focal myositis must be differentiated from neoplasm, nodular pseudosarcomatous fascilitis, proliferative myositis, myositis ossificans, polymyositis, and, in the oral region, salivary gland lesions and hypertrophic branchial myopathy. No lesions have recurred.
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PMID:Focal myositis of the perioral musculature. 29 60

Antibodies to ribonucleoprotein (RNP) were detected by an immunofluorescence technique based on the sensitivity of speckled antinuclear antibodies to ribonuclease. These antibodies were found to identify a group of patients with a consistent set of clinical features, especially arthritis, swollen hands, Raynaud's phenomenon, and myositis. The presence of anti-RNP antibodies in sera from patients with polymyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and systemic sclerosis was also associated with these clinical features. Other studies of the clinical significance of these antibodies support the concept that they appear to identify a group of patients with a distinct clinical condition.
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PMID:Clinical significance of antibodies to ribonucleoprotein. 31 58

The methods for laboratory diagnosis of rheumatic diseases are subdivided into 10 groups according to their informative value. The following aspects are taken into consideration: general diagnosis of inflammation, infective processes with hemolytic streptococci and staphylococci, streptococcal agglutinations, rheumatoid factor tests in the strictest sense, detection of autoantibodies, the HLA-system, investigations in metabolic diseases and generalized skeletal diseases, bacteriological and serological investigations in joint infections and tests in symptomatic diseases of joints and muscles. In the evaluation of the individual methods and the discussion of their application in various types of disease, the following provisional diagnoses are gone into: streptococcal rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, monarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter's syndrome and psoriatic arthritis, myositis and polymyositis.
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PMID:[Guidelines for the laboratory diagnosis of rheumatic diseases (author's transl)]. 40 59

Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were measured in sera from 69 patients with polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and myositis associated with other connective tissue diseases and compared to 69 age-, race-, and sex-matched controls with unrelated diseases. Complement fixation toxoplasma antibodies were significantly more frequent in polymyositis and correlated with high IgM levels. Other distinguishing clinical or laboratory features of these patients were not found. The high toxoplasma antibodies were not associated with generally hyperactive humoral immunity. The serologic data suggested that inflammatory muscle disease was associated with recent active toxoplasma infection in certain patients. The pathogenetic role of the microorganism remains uncertain.
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PMID:Increased toxoplasma antibodies in idiopathic inflammatory muscle disease. A case-controlled study. 42 Jul 15

Nine patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis associated with arthritis without antinuclear antibodies have been studied. In eight patients a mildly inflammatory nonerosive arthritis occurred coincident with early manifestations or before the appearance of symptomatic muscle disease. Hands, wrists and knees were prominently involved. This arthritis responded to corticosteroids given for the myositis. One patient had erosive arthritis and periarticular calcifications associated with acute inflammation that seemed to diminish with colchicine therapy. Synovial biopsy specimens showed surface fibrin deposition, focal loss of lining cells and mild inflammation--findings similar to those in scleroderma. By electron microscopy tubuloreticular structures were found in vascular endothelium in synovium, as in other tissues in polymyositis. All patients surprisingly had pulmonary manifestations suggesting the possibility that the condition in this group of patients may represent a distinctive subset of polymyositis.
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PMID:Articular manifestations of polymyositis and dermatomyositis. 46 35

Two cases of mainly interstitial myositis with epitheloid and giant cells are reported. In the first case, the late amyotrophic-type paralysis of the two girdles, of the clinical myositis type, was associated with severe myocardial damage, the atrioventricular conduction disorder requiring a pace-maker. This observation would appear to be a true polymyositis of the collagen diseases, in view of the associated skin affection, death occurring within a year, a large increase in serum muscle enzymes and urine creatine, the existence of a rheumatoid factor and striated muscle antibodies, and a large increase in M and G immunoglobulins. In the 2nd case, the amyotrophic affection of the pelvic girdle was associated with progressive blindness, diabetes insipidus, and anterior pituitary insufficiency. Death occurred after two years and autopsy showed a suprasellar dysgerminoma (ectopic pinealoma) without any visceral localization of sarcoidosis. The authors discuss the concept of granulomatous polymyositis, autonomous with respect to the sarcoidosis, and sometimes symptomatic of an inflammatory connective tissue condition or a malignant tumor.
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PMID:[Granulomatous myositis during collagenosis (one case) and suprasellar dysgerminoma (one case) (author's transl)]. 48 59

Dermatomyositis and polymyositis are diseases which must be carefully defined in each patient. Criteria such as those suggested by Bohan and Peter will help define the disease and exclude other possible causes of myositis. Immunological factors are probably involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, although varied types of injury may manifest in clinically similar disease. Dermatomyositis, not polymyositis, is related to internal malignancy in adults; however, an extensive malignancy evaluation is not indicated. Therapy with corticosteroids will improve the quality of life, will prevent contractures and calcinosis and may improve the chance of survival. In cases where steroids are ineffective, immunosuppressives may be helpful.
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PMID:Dermatomyositis. 48 7

A case of eosinophilic polymyositis is reported. Tender muscle swelling was followed by proximal weakness, creatinine kinase elevation, and electromyographic features typical of polymyositis. Severe myocarditis, pericarditis and heart failure were present. Muscle biopsy specimen showed active myositis with eosinophil infiltrate. Unlike previous cases, blood eosinophils count was normal. The clinical response to corticosteroids was excellent, and a relapse occurring as steroid dose was lowered responded rapidly to an increased dose of prednisolone. Eosinophilic polymyositis may be a component of a general systemic illness with prominent cardiac involvement.
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PMID:Eosinophilc polymyositis. 50 94

Six patients with eosinophilic fasciitis are presented. This syndrome is characterized by indurative swellings of arms and legs, with rapidly progressing difficulties in extending elbows, wrists, and fingers, and often limited motion of shoulders and ankle joints. Pain when contracting muscles, and weakness of proximal muscles and hand grip are common features. The frequent occurrence of localized skin lesions has presented differential diagnostic difficulties to systemic sclerosis and to polymyositis. Visceral involvement and Raynaud's phenomena, however, are absent or mild. Blood eosinophilia, hypergammaglobulinemia, and unspecific signs of inflammation are found. Biopsy of muscle fascia gives characteristic histopathological findings of cell infiltrations (mostly mononuclear cells, frequently eosinophils) and vascular proliferation, in the middle layer of a thickened fascia. Skin changes are prevalent, but not conclusive for the diagnosis, and myositis in some patients might be difficult to distinguish from polymyositis. The importance of the clinical recognition of eosinophilic fasciitis and the inclusion of fascia in diagnostic muscle biopsies, is underlined.
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PMID:Eosinophilic fasciitis. Review and report of six cases. 53 17


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