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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Orbital myositis is an idiopathic inflammatory condition involving the extraocular muscles. A case of presumed orbital myositis is presented, displaying typical features on orbital computed tomography, and a dramatic response to corticosteroid therapy. Atypical features of acute-on-chronic course, and concomitant sinus disease are discussed. A differential diagnosis of enlarged extraocular muscles is also discussed, and the benefits of corticosteroid trial before formal biopsy in the appropriate clinical setting is emphasised.
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PMID:Orbital myositis--a case report. 226 Nov 71

Orbital myositis implies orbital inflammation confined to one or more of the extraocular muscles. Orbital computerised tomography (CT) demonstrates irregular extraocular muscle enlargement which extends anteriorly to involve the tendon (muscle insertion). Six cases of presumed orbital myositis are reported, in each of whom the diagnosis was suspected clinically and confirmed by the orbital CT scan appearances. The mean age of the patients was 33 years (range 8-45 years). All presented with painful ophthalmoplegia and the majority manifested proptosis (five cases), conjunctival congestion (five cases) and periorbital and eyelid edema (two cases). Systemic corticosteroid therapy was used in two patients initially and also in another patient who relapsed, with rapid and dramatic responses. Extraocular muscle biopsy was performed in one case, disclosing features of non-specific muscle inflammation and no evidence of vasculitis. It is considered that orbital myositis is a discrete, identifiable subgroup within the spectrum of the nonspecific idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndromes; termed previously orbital 'pseudotumours'. Although the clinical features are frequently suggestive, they are nonspecific, and non-invasive investigations such as orbital ultra-sonography and CT scanning are required for precise anatomical tissue localisation and diagnosis. The role of ocular muscle biopsy is probably limited to atypical cases, or those unresponsive to steroid therapy, particularly to exclude neoplasia. Orbital myositis may be acute, subacute or recurrent. The acute form responds well to high doses of oral corticosteroids tapered gradually, but it may recur or become chronic. The subacute form of the disease responds less well.
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PMID:Orbital myositis: a study of six cases. 332 76

A case of acute orbital myositis is presented in this report. CT scanning provided an immediate diagnosis and hence institution of treatment. There was a typically rapid response to steroids. A previous presentation, prior to the advent of CT, had been misdiagnosed as Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. Orbital pseudotumour can be acute or chronic, and acute orbital myositis is now regarded as one of five subtypes of the former.
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PMID:Acute orbital myositis: a case report. 407 56

We examined 9 consecutive cases of unilateral orbital myositis (7 women and 2 men; age range 15-46 years) presenting to Casualty. Only 3 were correctly diagnosed on the first visit. Eight patients exhibited globe retraction in the acute stages and, after treatment with systemic steroids, all made a full recovery. None of the patients had associated systemic disease and all remain well over a 6-12 month follow-up period. Orbital myositis may be a more common condition than previously thought; it can present with a variety of clinical signs, and may be difficult to diagnose in the early stages. The presence of globe retraction on movement of a painful, injected eye is a useful diagnostic sign which indicates inflammation of extraocular muscles and is present in the acute stages of the disease; we explain how to elicit globe retraction and suggest a management protocol for these patients.
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PMID:Acute orbital myositis. 854 3

Episodic periorbital swelling due to presumed orbital inflammation and myositis caused intermittent apparent proptosis and was the presenting symptom of ileocecal Crohn's disease (CD) in a teenage female with a family history of autoimmune disorders and CD. Orbital myositis, a very rare extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), likely represents a process of impaired immunoregulation related to the underlying intestinal inflammation. This rare manifestation of IBD simulates the more commonly encountered thyroid orbitopathy (ophthalmopathy), but IBD should be considered if all thyroid tests are negative. It is important to recognize that orbital myositis may be an extraintestinal manifestation of Crohn's disease so that the diagnosis can be made and appropriate therapy commenced.
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PMID:Keeping an eye on Crohn's disease: orbital myositis as the presenting symptom. 934 63

Orbital myositis is a subgroup of the nonspecific inflammatory syndrome or orbital pseudotumor and is characterized by a primary inflammation of extraocular muscles. The authors describe a 70-year-old patient with acute proptosis, ocular pain and right ophthalmoplegia, whose orbital computed tomographic scan showed enlargement of the homolateral extraocular muscles. Clinical presentation and complementary tests were compatible with the diagnosis of orbital myositis however, because of the particular aspects, which included retinal central vein occlusion, optic nerve lesion, distension of the superior ophthalmic vein and the homolateral cavernous sinus, the differential diagnosis with cavernous sinus pathology and thyroid ophthalmopathy was considered. The importance of a rapid diagnosis and treatment is stressed.
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PMID:[Orbital myositis]. 944 84

Proptosis, unilateral or bilateral, is a frequent indication for medical evaluation and orbital computed tomography. The most common cause of proptosis in adults and children is inflammatory disorders. Orbital myositis is a subgroup of the orbital pseudotumor syndrome in which one or more of the extraocular muscles are primarily infiltrated by an inflammatory process. Computed tomography and ultrasonography showed enlargement of one or more extraocular muscles in orbital myositis. In our case, we observed clinically and by orbital computed tomography, evidence of isolated bilateral extraocular muscle swelling after upper respiratory tract infection. Proptosis and other findings were spontaneously and completely resolved after twenty days. Because proptosis caused by orbital myositis is extremely rate in children and there is limited information in the literature, this case was reported.
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PMID:Bilateral proptosis caused by orbital myositis. A case report. 967 41

Orbital myositis is a rare disorder considered as a subgroup of inflammatory orbital pseudotumors. The pathophysiology is still unknown. Patients typically present with orbital pain exacerbated by eye movement and diplopia. Response to steroids is dramatic. We report a case of idiopathic myositis of the right inferior muscle, which recovered after steroid therapy.
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PMID:[Idiopathic orbital myositis]. 1139 17

Orbital myositis is an inflammatory disorder of the orbital muscles causing orbital pain and restriction of eye movements. Although rare in children, it is most frequently seen after orbital trauma or as a post-infectious process. We describe a child with chronic relapsing psoriasis, juvenile psoriatic arthritis and relapsing bilateral orbital myositis.
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PMID:Psoriasis, psoriatic arthropathy and relapsing orbital myositis. 1142 74

Orbital myositis is an uncommon subgroup of the nonspecific orbital inflammatory syndromes (previously termed orbital pseudotumor) and presents with eyelid swelling and redness, conjunctival chemosis, pain, proptosis, and diplopia. The disease is to date of unknown origin; autoimmune processes are suspected for the etiology. In the case of an otherwise healthy young male patient (age 28 years), the coexistence of chronic sinusitis primarily led to the diagnosis of sinugen orbital cellulitis. Despite antibiotic drug administration and surgical drainage of the paranasal sinuses the symptoms persisted. A second computed tomography revealed fusiform, inflammatory enlargement of the m. rectus lateralis. This muscle showed a restrictive paresis so that initially the m. rectus medialis was suspected to be paretic. The patient responded dramatically to administration of prednisolone within 2 days. The differential diagnosis between a sinugen orbital complication and orbital myositis is significant because corticosteroids are contraindicated for orbital cellulitis whereas they remain the therapy of choice for orbital myositis.
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PMID:[Ocular myositis. A rare differential diagnosis of sinus-induced orbital complications]. 1154 88


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