Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

BACKGROUND Acute muscular sarcocystosis (AMS) is one of a spectrum of diseases caused by the Sarcocystis parasite which infects humans in regions where it is endemic. Infections present with non-specific signs and symptoms and have been known to occur in clusters. CASE REPORT A 51-year-old Vietnamese male presented to Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore with 3 weeks of fever, urticarial rash, non-productive cough, and lower back pain. He had an extensive travel history prior to presentation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed myositis involving the paravertebral and upper thigh muscles. The infection was confirmed on open muscle biopsy and Sarcocystis nesbitti was identified on molecular testing. The patient was treated with prednisone and methotrexate. CONCLUSIONS AMS must be considered in a patient with history of exposure to an endemic area. Diagnosis of the condition and identification of S. nesbitti as the causative organism will help to further study of this particular condition and guide treatment.
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PMID:Atypical Presentation of Human Acute Muscular Sarcocystosis: Sarcocystis Nesbitti Confirmed on Molecular Testing. 3097 80

Sarcocystis spp. are causative agents of bovine eosinophilic myositis and/or myocarditis, which are chronic subclinical myopathies that are occasionally responsible for condemnation at slaughterhouses. Sarcocystis cruzi is a protozoan parasite of worldwide distribution transmitted by canids, most commonly associated with subclinical infection in cattle. Although S. cruzi infections can rarely lead to fatal systemic disease, fatal cardiac cases with confirmation of the etiologic diagnosis have not been reported, to our knowledge. We describe herein an unusual case of S. cruzi-induced fatal bovine eosinophilic myocarditis. A 22-mo-old, Holstein-Hereford heifer, in a group of 110 cattle on pasture, manifested growth retardation and died in February 2017. Autopsy revealed myriad yellow-green 1-3-mm coalescing foci, surrounded by fibrosis, affecting ~75% of the ventricular myocardium. Pulmonary edema, ascites, and hydrothorax were consistent with chronic congestive heart failure. Histology revealed severe eosinophilic, granulomatous, necrotizing myocarditis, with multinucleate giant cells, fibrosis, and mineralization. Numerous thin-walled protozoan cysts resembling Sarcocystis spp. were present in the necrotic foci and within the sarcoplasm of adjacent cardiomyocytes. PCR and sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene revealed 99.9-100% homology with S. cruzi. Sarcocystosis can be a rare cause of fatal myocarditis in cattle.
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PMID:Fatal Sarcocystis cruzi-induced eosinophilic myocarditis in a heifer in Uruguay. 3117 86

In this study, we described the morphological features and unusual presentations of hydatidosis, fasciolosis, and eosinophilic myositis caused by Sarcocystis species diagnosed at the slaughterhouse lines. Twenty-seven samples of atypical parasitic lesions from distinct cattle were evaluated, of which 12 corresponded to hydatidosis, 11 to fasciolosis, and 4 to eosinophilic sarcocystosis. Hydatid cysts were observed mainly in the heart, with all cases involving the left ventricle. Fasciolosis lesions involved mainly the lungs, and were characterized by a focal nodular elevated area involving the edges of the lobes. Intralesional trematodes were observed in three cases. Sarcocystosis lesions were observed in four cases, and lesions were primarily located in the skeletal and cardiac muscles. Grossly, they presented as focal or focally extensive streaks, patches, or numerous nodules that were greenish to mildly yellowish. Histologically, all the cases had intralesional ruptured cysts of Sarcocystis that were associated with severe eosinophilic myositis and myocarditis. Parasitic lesions in atypical locations and/or with aberrant responses should be promptly identified because it may mistakenly diagnosed as other potentially zoonotic diseases, such as cysticercosis and tuberculosis.
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PMID:Atypical parasitic lesions in slaughtered cattle in Southern Brazil. 3266 99


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