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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

OBJECTIVE. We looked for the development of specific systemic disease or malignant lymphoma in patients whose initial diagnosis was idiopathic inflammatory pseudo-tumor of the orbit (IOPT). PATIENTS AND METHODS. IOPT was diagnosed in 24 patients on the basis of imaging findings and surgical biopsies (70%). Nineteen of these 24 patients (10 men and 9 women, age range 19- 83 years) were reassessed 1-12 years after the initial diagnosis. RESULTS. The initial diagnosis described diffuse inflammation (33%), dacryoadenitis (20%) or myositis (47%). At reassessment, 4 patients had developed a specific disease: generalized lymphoma, Wegener's disease, necrotizing vasculitis, and Crohn's disease. All four were recognized within one year of the IOPT diagnosis. A biopsy was obtained in these four patients and was not contributive. One case of non-specific granulomatous proliferation was found 6 years after the initial diagnosis. One case of orbital meningioma occurred 10 years after radiotherapy of the orbit and could not be attributed to a definite cause. The other patients had a common non-specific clinical course; recurrent inflammation required corticosteroid therapy in 55% and complementary external radiotherapy of the orbit in 22%. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION. Specific diseases that developed after an initial diagnosis of inflammatory pseudo-tumor of the orbit occurred early and appeared more often in diffuse forms, suggesting the need for more extensive histopathological diagnostic procedures. The clinical course tended to be more quiescent in patients who passed the critical period of the first year.
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PMID:What has become of our idiopathic inflammatory pseudo-tumors of the orbit? 1204 80

This paper presents a brief review of several lines of evidence suggesting that chemokine receptors on dendritic cells play an important role in breaking tolerance to self and in inducing autoimmunity. First, we have shown that an idiotypic self-antigen obtained from malignant murine lymphomas, when covalently linked to selected chemokines or defensins that interact with receptors on immature dendritic cells (iDCs), has the capacity to break tolerance to self and induce humoral or cell-mediated anti-tumor responses. Since unlinked antigens mixed with the same chemokines or defensins or antigens fused with a mutant ligand deficient in receptor-binding capacity were not immunogenic, we propose that delivery of an antigen coupled to a ligand for receptors on iDCs promotes the processing and subsequent presentation of the antigen, resulting in immunoadjuvant effects. In a second study, we observed that two of five aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) - which act as autoantigens to which some patients with myositis have autoantibodies - were chemotactic for activated monocytes, T cells, and iDCs. These aaRSs interacted with either CC chemokine receptor (CCR)5 or CCR3, as was shown by desensitization with chemokines and the response of cell lines transfected with the chemokine receptor. Presumably, these autoantigens therefore have the capacity to attract inflammatory cells, including iDCs, to infiltrate affected muscle cells. These observations suggest the hypothesis that antigens delivered to receptors on iDCs are potent immunogens capable of breaking self-tolerance to tumor antigens to induce autoimmune diseases.
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PMID:Chemokine receptors on dendritic cells promote autoimmune reactions. 1211 Jan 38

This case report describes focal myositis, a rare inflammatory pseudotumorous disease previously not mentioned in the surgical literature. Most often a single muscle of the upper or lower extremity is affected. Usually the diagnostic process and treatment require a long time. We present a useful diagnostic cascade and a surgical therapy, which allows the histological differentiation between malignant and inflammatory disease. Even after partial resection of the tumor, the prognosis of focal myositis is excellent.
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PMID:[Focal myositis--an indication for surgery? A case report]. 1239 67

Acase of juxtacortical osteoma of the ulna in a 47-year-old woman is presented. She had a dense bony mass on the ulna. Radiological examinations (plain radiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging) strongly suggested a rare case of juxtacortical osteoma of a long tubular bone. The differential diagnosis included parosteal osteosarcoma, melorheostosis, osteochondroma, end-stage juxtacortical myositis ossificans, and fibrous dysplasia protuberans. The tumor was excised totally for thorough pathological examination, which revealed it to be composed of lamellar bone, suggesting that the origin was periosteal.
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PMID:Juxtacortical osteoma of the ulna. 1248 81

The finding of muscle edema restricted to a single muscle compartment on MRI usually indicates a diagnosis of traumatic injury, myositis, denervation or neoplasm. This case demonstrates that deep venous thrombosis can also be the cause of isolated deep posterior compartment muscle edema in the calf and should be considered in the differential diagnosis even in the absence of diffuse soft tissue or subcutaneous edema.
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PMID:Unicompartmental muscle edema: an early sign of deep venous thrombosis. 1252 43

The case of a 35-year-old woman with low-grade extraskeletal osteosarcoma of the left leg is presented. Radiographs showed peripheral ossification of the lesion, suggesting myositis ossificans. Most of the tumor was composed of cartilage, and the cellularity and cell atypia of the proliferating chondrocytes were mild to moderate. In the periphery, bone formation with a relatively clear margin and proliferation of spindle cells with minimal nuclear atypia were observed. The average percentage of cells positive for MIB-1 was 9.0%. A diagnosis of low-grade extraskeletal osteosarcoma was made on the basis of these histologic findings. The clinical course 47 months after a wide excision was uneventful.
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PMID:A low-grade extraskeletal osteosarcoma. 1260 83

The authors describe the case of a patient with NHL, who had undergone a series of clinical and laboratory investigations for the presence of pain, oedema and functional deficiency of the lower limbs associated with generalized weakness. From the data of the literature in cases of myositis, labelled as paraneoplastic disorders, no histological classification or phenotypic characterization have been provided, with exception of a case diagnosed as K1 positive lymphoma. A meta-analysis of case control studies and cohort of myositis and neoplasia do not show an increased incidence of cancer before a diagnosis of polymyositis (PM), although it seems to be an increased risk following diagnosis. The association of PM with a neoplasia, compared with that of dermatomyositis (DM) with a neoplasia, seems less frequent. In view of these considerations, of the usefulness of a diagnosis of neoplasia concurrently or in association with a neoplasia with a PM/DM, and furthermore in order to better define the frequency of a particular phenotype in the subsequent lymphoproliferative disorders, we have described a case of polymyositis, admitted in one hospital and subsequently recognized as being associated with a diffuse follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma with small B lymphocytes.
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PMID:[Polymyositis as a paraneoplastic syndrome in a case of non-Hodgkin lymphoma]. 1267 87

Orbital inflammatory disease (OID) broadly describes a variety of pathologic processes and clinical presentations. OID may be idiopathic or may be secondary to a systemic inflammatory disease, retained foreign body, or infectious disease. OID includes the spectrum of bacterial or fungal infections, diffuse inflammation of multiple tissues (e.g., sclerosing orbititis or diffuse anterior OID), and preferential involvement of specific orbital structures (e.g., orbital myositis or optic perineuritis). Mimics of OID include congenital orbital mass lesions or orbital neoplastic disease such as lymphoma or rhabdomyosarcoma. The ultimate diagnosis and treatment plan relies on a careful history and detailed clinical examination followed by the judicious use of ancillary diagnostic testing and a comprehensive treatment plan. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the spectrum of diseases known as OID, with emphasis on specific diagnostic challenges in the evaluation and management of patients with idiopathic OID.
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PMID:Diagnostic dilemmas in orbital inflammatory disease. 1285 23

The idiopathic myositis, dermatomyositis, polymyositis and inclusion body myositis are recognized by their clinical and laboratory presentation, and by morphological changes in the muscle biopsy. A rapid diagnostic process is important, in order to start early treatment, which will be more effective and to direct further investigations and management. In the presence of dermatomyositis a precise investigation of neoplasia is important because they are often associated, which is not the case with inclusion body myositis. Symptoms in dermatomyositis and polymyositis respond sometimes quite well to immunomodulatory therapy but not in inclusion myositis. Controlled muscle training may sometimes slow progression in inclusion myositis.
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PMID:[Idiopathic myositis]. 1295 34

Urticarial vasculitis has rarely been described in association with polymyositis. We report the case of a 37-year-old man with dermatomyositis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma who presented initially with urticarial vasculitis. The lesions of urticarial vasculitis were initially photodistributed, indicating photosensitivity. The patient was treated with systemic steroids, chemotherapy (cisplatin and fluorouracil), and radiation therapy. The tumor and urticarial vasculitis completely resolved, and the myositis improved.
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PMID:Urticarial vasculitis and dermatomyositis in a patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 1465 82


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