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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient developed ossifying skeletal muscle metastases from a primary gastric mucin-producing adenocarcinoma. The unusual nature of skeletal muscle metastases and the inflammatory-like syndrome associated with heterotopic ossification is reviewed. It is suggested that this case of 'neoplasm-induced post-traumatic myositis ossificans' may be caused by the interaction of local haemorrhage and thrombosis, mucin-producing tumour implants, and the presence of large quantities of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid, an amino acid associated with the calcification of bone matrix formation.
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PMID:Malignant myositis ossificans: occult gastric carcinoma presenting as an acute rheumatic disorder. 660 13

The clinical diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome was first considered in a 66-year-old man with facial pain and diplopia. A complete neuroradiologic evaluation as well as an oncologic work-up yielded normal results. Several courses of oral prednisone provided no significant benefit. Within a year the patient became clinically worse and a CT scan disclosed an abnormal area of enhancement at the left orbital apex. An orbital exploration was performed elsewhere and a histologic diagnosis of myositis was obtained. Because of further worsening the patient was re-evaluated 3 months later and a CT scan showed a mass in the left orbital apex and superior orbital fissure. A second orbital exploration was performed and a sausage-shaped mass encompassing the optic nerve was excised. By light microscopy a poorly differentiated malignant tumor was infiltrating the orbital tissues with areas of intra- and perineural invasion. The tumor cells were arranged in strands and tubules with a definite tendency to form lumens that often contained red blood cells. Electron microscopic studies disclosed features consistent with a neoplasm of endothelial cell origin displaying a polarized basal lamina and rare micropinocytotic vesicles on the luminal side. The presence of multiple, slender microvilli and sometimes tonofilaments as well as desmosomes were interpreted as epithelioid metaplasia of an angiosarcoma.
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PMID:Epithelioid angiosarcoma of the orbit presenting as Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. A clinicopathologic case report with review of the literature. 668 55

Osteochondroma represents the most common benign bone tumor and occurs most frequently in the proximal humerus, tibia, and distal femur. The bones of the foot, by comparison, are less commonly involved. The tumor appears to be a developmental defect of bone preformed in cartilage rather than a true neoplasm. However, on rare occasions it may undergo chondrosarcomatous degeneration, thus demonstrating neoplastic behavior. A review of the literature, including clinical features of osteochondroma, radiologic and histologic characteristics, and theories on pathogenesis, is presented. Information concerning principles of surgical treatment, techniques of diagnosis, and facts to aid in the differential diagnosis of osteochondroma is presented also. Finally, a series of case reports is presented to demonstrate the surgical treatment of osteochondroma of the foot. Included are three cases of phalangeal osteochondroma, one of metatarsal osteochondroma, and an unusual report of osteochondroma of the talus. A case report and discussion of a patient with juxtacortical circumscripta myositis ossificans of the foot is also presented to demonstrate how information on lesions included in the differential of osteochondroma can be utilized clinically to make the diagnosis.
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PMID:Solitary osteochondroma of the foot: an in-depth study with case reports. 669 57

A 86-year-old female patient is reported with myositis proliferans according to the criteria described by Enzinger and Dulcey (1967). This disease, first described by Kern (1960), impressed as a painful, firm and immovable tumor of almost 3 cm in size situated at the upper lip of our patient. Myositis proliferans can simulate a sarcoma, histologically and clinically; therefore, this disease shall be introduced to the dermatologic literature avoiding unnecessary invasive treatment. There is a relationship to fasciitis nodularis; a clinical and histological differentiation is possible as in our patient.
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PMID:[Proliferative myositis]. 686 86

A 40-year old woman with a history of rapidly growing tumor of the brachio-radialis muscle is described. By light microscopy, the tumor had typical features of proliferative myositis, with alternating areas of well preserved muscular fibres and strands of proliferating spindle shaped cells and ganglion like cells. Electron microscopic study showed non specific degenerative muscle changes, fibroblasts and giant cells. The histogenesis and the nosologic place of proliferative myositis are discussed.
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PMID:[Proliferative myositis, a muscular pseudo-sarcoma. Apropos of a case with an ultrastructural study]. 687 Oct 2

Diagnosis of localised myositis ossificans is difficult in the initial stage. A history of trauma is frequently missing. Clinical symptoms point in the direction of osteomyelitis or soft tissue abscess. Sonotomography is useful for localisation and delineation of the lesion. Biopsy is the only reliable method to establish the diagnosis. Conservative treatment is recommended until the process is inactive. Radiographic follow-up will demonstrate the expected massive calcification and scintigraphic follow-up at 6-monthly intervals will eventually prove the metabolic inactivity of the lesion necessary for successful operation. Surgical removal of the calcified tumor will become necessary in cases of continued pain or significant functional limitations of the involved extremity.
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PMID:[Diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of myositis ossificans (author's transl)]. 710 2

Two cases of pseudomalignant peripartum myositis ossificans of the finger are reported. The benign diagnosis is confirmed by the histologically characteristic zone phenomenon, consisting of a transition from an inner zone of proliferating spindle cells to a middle zone of well-oriented osteoid and finally to an outer zone of mature bone. In Case No. 1, because of the question of malignancy, a ray amputation was performed. In Case No. 2, the patient was observed during the peripartum period to show diminution in the size of the tumor. The lesion was eventually treated by local excision.
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PMID:Peripartum pseudomalignant myositis ossificans of the finger. 719 44

The authors report a case of ossificans myositis, in which MRI showed inflammatory changes of the adjacent bone. T1 weighted fat saturation sequence with gadolinium injection showed enhancement of medullary and cortical bone. This potentially mistaking pattern must be known, to avoid misdiagnosing with malignant osseous tumor, specially before achievement of the characteristic pattern of zonal maturation and its calcified rim.
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PMID:[Circumscribed myositis ossificans: bone changes detected by MRI]. 747 81

SJL mice spontaneously develop B cell lymphomas (historically described as reticulum cell sarcomas) by 12 months of age and inflammatory muscle disease (myositis) by 6 months of age. Tumors originate in mesenteric lymph nodes and in Peyer's patches and resemble human germinal center lymphomas. The growth of reticulum cell sarcomas is completely dependent on cytokine production by normal T cells. The spontaneous myositis, which resembles human idiopathic myositis, is characterized by various abnormalities in skeletal muscle, including infiltration with inflammatory cells consisting primarily of macrophages. The participation of different cytokines in the pathogenesis of the lymphoma and the massive invasion of macrophages into muscle tissues led us to investigate the possible involvement of nitric oxide (NO.), which is known to be synthesized by activated macrophages under inflammatory conditions. Elevated NO. production, measured by urinary nitrate excretion, by SJL mice in comparison with BALB/c control mice was observed as early as 7 weeks of age. Both aging and degree of spontaneous myositis correlated with increased nitric oxide production. Oral administration of N-monomethyl-L-arginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), reduced urinary nitrate excretion and also the severity of myositis. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the presence of inducible NOS (iNOS) in cells in the spleen, lymph nodes, and skeletal muscle. The iNOS is primarily responsible for the enhanced nitric oxide production. Morphology of cells that stained positive for iNOS was similar to that of macrophages infiltrating into the affected tissues. Chronic production of elevated amounts of nitric oxide by the SJL mice, therefore, provides a useful in vivo model for future studies of cellular damage resulting from endogenously produced NO.in combination with oxygen radicals.
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PMID:Nitric oxide production in relation to spontaneous B-cell lymphoma and myositis in SJL mice. 754 39

Five patients with a palpable mass at presentation underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The final diagnosis was myositis ossificans (MO). MR imaging features, particularly after injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine, mimicked those of an inflammatory mass or neoplasm. The lesions were excised in three patients, and the images were correlated with histologic findings. Three different appearances were noted on MR images, corresponding to the stages of maturation of MO. Two cases involved early-stage lesions, and T1-weighted MR images showed a mass with homogeneous intermediate signal intensity. Both lesions showed rim enhancement after contrast agent injection and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Pathologic specimens demonstrated stroma with masses of spindle cells in which osteoid production was interspersed. The enhanced rim of the lesion mimicked the expected MR appearance of an abscess or necrotic tumor. Areas of enhancement in adjacent muscle were also seen on postcontrast T1-weighted images. Intermediate-stage MO was present in one case; there was evidence of a thin rim of calcification on plain radiographs and fatty changes in the lesion on T1-weighted images, corresponding with histologic findings. One case of a mature lesion showed a considerable degree of peripheral calcification both on MR images and at histology. MR imaging is nonspecific in the diagnosis of early-stage MO.
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PMID:MR imaging of myositis ossificans: variable patterns at different stages. 763 5


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