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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

These guidelines propose performance criteria for the history and examination of patients with temporomandibular (TM) disorders. Pertinent diagnostic subcategories are identified, and the comprehensive history and review of systems are described. The examination procedures include documentation of temporomandibular and craniocervical range of motion, TM joint sounds, and the recording of muscle and joint tenderness. The TM disorders addressed include muscle problems such as myalgia, protective splinting or trismus, spasm, myositis, dyskinesia, muscle contracture, hypertrophy, and bruxism. Temporomandibular joint disorders addressed include disk-condyle incoordination, restricted condyle translation, open condyle dislocation, arthralgia, osteoarthritis, polyarthritis, and traumatic joint injury. Disorders of mandibular mobility such as ankylosis, adhesions, fibrosis, skeletal obstruction, and hypermobility are also described. Finally, disorders of maxillomandibular growth, including masticatory muscle hypertrophy, atrophy, neoplasia, maxillomandibular hypoplasia, condylar agenesis, maxillomandibular hyperplasia, and condyle hypertrophy are described.
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PMID:Guidelines for the examination and diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders. 260 95

Aetiologic conditions for enlargement of extra ocular muscles are graves' orbitopathy, acute or subacute myositis as a subgroup of inflammatory orbital pseudotumor, and sometimes lymphoid or metastatic tumor. The distinction of these aetiologies can be made on clinical versus CT Scan or IRM grounds with two different patterns of oculomotor disfunction. Restrictive extensibility, which found expression in the antagonist field, is typical of grave's myopathy, sequelae of subacute myositis or acute myositis of the superior oblique. Deficiency of the enlarged muscle's contractibility is typical of a recent and transient myositis involving a rectus muscle or of a rare tumor of an extraocular muscle.
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PMID:[Oculomotor disorders and enlargement of the extraocular muscles]. 264 Nov 1

A soft-tissue mass in an extremity may present a diagnostic dilemma for the evaluating surgeon. A decision either to observe or remove the mass is required. An algorithm can assist in the decision-making process. A careful history may aid in determining the etiology. A history of thigh-muscle trauma, for instance, may suggest myositis ossificans as the diagnosis of a malignant soft-tissue tumor. A large, firm mass that is fixed to deep structures or located within muscle should prompt the following studies: (1) plain radiographs of the extremity; (2) an ultrasound study of the mass; and (3) a three-phase technetium 99m methylene diphosphonate bone scan.
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PMID:The evaluation of a soft-tissue mass in the extremities. 264 88

Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (ESOS) of the spleen and jejunum was diagnosed in 2 dogs. As an extremely uncommon type of tumor that has proven difficult to treat, ESOS is associated with high rate of local recurrence and metastatic disease. Extraskeletal osteosarcoma principally affects older dogs, has no apparent breed predilection, and may develop more frequently in males. The cause of ESOS is unknown, but may involve malignant metaplasia of pluripotential mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts. Macroscopically, ESOS usually is observed as a hard mass and may appear similar to calcified hematoma or myositis ossificans. The classic radiographic appearance of ESOS is a soft tissue mass with focal mineralization and without adjacent bone involvement.
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PMID:Extraskeletal osteosarcoma in two dogs. 272 41

The diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is not usually a problem for the otolaryngologist/head and neck surgeon. However, we describe a patient whose ultimate diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma required 16 months and eluded several clinicians, despite an aggressive diagnostic regimen. The diagnostic difficulty was due to the fact that the small, centrally located tumor was surrounded by an intense inflammatory reaction that histologically mimicked a recently described rare entity of the head and neck, focal myositis. Our purpose is to make the otolaryngologist/head and neck surgeon aware of this previously unreported presentation of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue; to review the pertinent findings associated with focal myositis; and to reinforce the need to maintain a constant vigil for the diagnosis of cancer, in spite of negative pathologic confirmation, when dictated by the clinical situation.
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PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma masquerading as focal myositis of the tongue. 275 4

A series of 14 cases of circumscribed nontraumatic myositis ossificans is presented. It is important to recognize the clinical and radiographic findings of this benign entity whose appearance, especially early on, simulates a neoplasm. The natural history and therapeutic indications are also described.
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PMID:[Circumscribed non-traumatic myositis ossificans. Apropos of 14 cases and a general review]. 307 36

A case of clear-cell chondrosarcoma occurred in the proximal femur of a 32-year-old man. The tumor was complicated by a focus of myositis ossificans resulting from a previous intralesional biopsy. Histologic findings included an unusual marrow infiltration by the tumor. The patient was treated with wide resection and has no evidence of local recurrence or distant spread of disease 18 months later.
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PMID:Clear-cell chondrosarcoma. An unusual case complicated by a microinfiltrative pattern of bone marrow involvement and postsurgical myositis ossificans. 319 23

Orbital myositis implies orbital inflammation confined to one or more of the extraocular muscles. Orbital computerised tomography (CT) demonstrates irregular extraocular muscle enlargement which extends anteriorly to involve the tendon (muscle insertion). Six cases of presumed orbital myositis are reported, in each of whom the diagnosis was suspected clinically and confirmed by the orbital CT scan appearances. The mean age of the patients was 33 years (range 8-45 years). All presented with painful ophthalmoplegia and the majority manifested proptosis (five cases), conjunctival congestion (five cases) and periorbital and eyelid edema (two cases). Systemic corticosteroid therapy was used in two patients initially and also in another patient who relapsed, with rapid and dramatic responses. Extraocular muscle biopsy was performed in one case, disclosing features of non-specific muscle inflammation and no evidence of vasculitis. It is considered that orbital myositis is a discrete, identifiable subgroup within the spectrum of the nonspecific idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndromes; termed previously orbital 'pseudotumours'. Although the clinical features are frequently suggestive, they are nonspecific, and non-invasive investigations such as orbital ultra-sonography and CT scanning are required for precise anatomical tissue localisation and diagnosis. The role of ocular muscle biopsy is probably limited to atypical cases, or those unresponsive to steroid therapy, particularly to exclude neoplasia. Orbital myositis may be acute, subacute or recurrent. The acute form responds well to high doses of oral corticosteroids tapered gradually, but it may recur or become chronic. The subacute form of the disease responds less well.
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PMID:Orbital myositis: a study of six cases. 332 76

Focal myositis is a rare, benign, pseudotumor of skeletal muscle that is usually seen as a steadily enlarging soft tissue tumor in an otherwise healthy patient. Focal involvement of muscle with severe myopathic and inflammatory changes characterize the histology. The natural course of this disorder is spontaneous regression. We report the case of a 7-year-old girl with focal myositis of the index lumbrical muscle. This is the first reported incidence of focal myositis that involves muscle of the hand.
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PMID:Focal myositis in the hand. 335 Dec 19

Twenty-one cases of a benign fibro-osseous pseudotumor occurring in the soft tissues of the digits are described. They affected mostly young adults. Twenty of the 21 cases involved the soft tissues of the fingers, especially the proximal portions of the index or middle finger, and one case involved the toe. Microscopically these tumor-like lesions closely resembled myositis ossificans, but unlike this process they involved chiefly the subcutaneous tissue and adjacent fibrous structures and were marked by an irregular multinodular growth pattern without the typical zoning of myositis ossificans. Because of the focal hypercellularity, cellular atypia and increased mitotic activity six of the cases were initially interpreted as being parosteal or extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Follow-up information indicates that this lesion behaves in a nonaggressive fashion and is curable by complete local excision.
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PMID:Fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digits. 346 98


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