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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The association between myositis and malignancy has long been appreciated. However, several recent reviews question the validity of this connection and the utility of pursuing an extensive search for occult malignancy in myositis. We report 9 patients fulfilling diagnostic criteria for myositis seen in the past 12 years. In each, a neoplasm was uncovered only in the course of a systematic search or, when initial investigation was deferred, at a later time. Of the 9 patients, 6 had dermatomyositis, 3 polymyositis. In 3 cases, solid tumors were diagnosed concomitantly with the myositis. In the remaining 6 patients, an advanced neoplasm was detected in the course of followup. In retrospect, some of these tumors might have been detected at an earlier and perhaps more treatable stage had a more rigorous initial malignancy search been pursued. Based on this experience, it is imperative that the clinician undertake a more exhaustive search for occult malignancy in patients with myositis than is currently recommended.
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PMID:A reexamination of the relationship between myositis and malignancy. 178 83

Biopsy specimens of mature trabecular bone from tumors of two typical cases of pseudomalignant heterotopic ossification (PHO; myositis ossificans circumscripta) were transplanted into athymic nude mice. Specimens of normal metaphyseal bone in adjacent areas were also transplanted in the contralateral hindquarter muscles for controls. By seven days, control bone transplants were necrotic and enveloped in granulation tissues whereas PHO transplants were surrounded by proliferating connective tissue derived from the host-bed muscle tissues. In the intervals from 14 and 21 days, the PHO transplants showed vascular and hypertrophied connective-tissue proliferation with appositional deposits of new bone. The microscopic features of the new bone suggested that it was of mouse host-bed origin because the new bone from Case 1, a female, showed nuclei without sex chromatin. The quantities of new bone were measured by correlated histomorphometric and computer image analysis of microradiographs. Little or no cartilage development was noted at any stage. The normal control trabecular bone tissue was slowly resorbed by macrophages and mononuclear phagocytes; multinucleated giant cells were few and relatively small. Except in one questionably small area of one transplant, nontumorous undemineralized normal human bone failed to induce bone formation within the 28-day period of observation. The quantity of new bone formed in athymic mice in response to implants of PHO, estimated from equivalent quantities of bone developed from implants of lyophilized matrix-free bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) was about 1 microgram/g of wet PHO tumor weight. Although circumstantial evidence implicates BMP in the pathogenesis of heterotopic ossification, more research should be directed toward regional and systemic factors inhibiting bone development in normal and abnormal conditions, including malignant bone tumors.
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PMID:Induced bone development in transplants of fresh human pseudomalignant heterotopic ossification tissue in athymic nude mice. 189 34

Myositis ossificans circumscripta (or pseudomalignant osseous tumor of soft tissue) may be confused with malignant neoplasms if there is no clear history of trauma. Two cases are presented in which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) clearly demonstrates disproportionally extensive abnormal signal intensity along the course of muscle fibers. Although the specificity of this finding is uncertain, MRI enhances the level of confidence in diagnosing myositis ossificans.
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PMID:MRI of myositis ossificans circumscripta. 191 13

Focal myositis is a rare benign pseudotumour of skeletal muscle, of unknown cause. Clinically it presents as an enlarging mass within muscle, usually of an extremity, and is often mistaken for a soft tissue neoplasm. The diagnosis is made by biopsy which reveals characteristic histological changes of inflammation, focal degeneration and regeneration, and some evidence of denervation. The CT findings include irregularity and enlargement of the muscles involved, with diffuse, poorly defined fatty infiltration of the muscle planes, but no evidence of an associated mass. We present two cases of focal myositis of the calf, both of which mimicked a soft tissue neoplasm, and in which CT was helpful in determining the nature and extent of the abnormality, for needle biopsy, and follow-up.
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PMID:Focal myositis, a benign inflammatory pseudotumour: CT appearances. 207 Jan 76

We present a morphological and ultrastructural study from one case of orbitary myositis in a 35 years old male patient with asymmetrical localytation and clinical behaviour as a tumor. The morphological study shows a chronic inflammatory lesion which causes atrophy and necrosis of the muscular tissue. On the ultrastructural image it is remarkable the atrophy of the muscle fibers with loos of the sarcomers, joined with signs of regeneration. The inflammatory infiltrate is polimorfous, with T and B cells immunihistochemically detected. There is also a macrophagic population identified by the morphology and immunohistochemistry with positivity for alfa-1-chymiotrypsin and alfa-1-anti trypsin. An important fibroblastic activity is show. On the discussion a possible pathogenesis for this entity is considered.
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PMID:[Orbital myositis: an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study]. 209 68

Computed tomography was carried out in 32 patients with clinically equivocal soft-tissue lesions of the hand (24 times) and forearm (8 times). The CT scans were performed with the patients in standard positions; thin slices and zoom technique were used. All soft-tissue tumors were correctly diagnosed with regard to localization, size and infiltration of the surrounding tissue. The histological diagnosis was correct in tendon-sheath proliferations, deposits caused by metabolic disorders, epithelial and ganglion cysts, hemangiomas, lipomas and in one schwannoma. A malignancy was suspected and was proven to be correct in two cases. False-positive diagnoses of a malignant soft-tissue tumor were made in one case of an aggressive fibromatosis, in a rapidly progressive, ossifying myositis, and three times in the presence of postoperative scar tissue following the resection of a sarcoma. Finally, a case of proliferative myositis regarded as semimalignant was underrated by CT. The hand surgeon considered CT diagnostics to be very helpful in planning operations in an anatomically complex organ such as the hand.
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PMID:[Computed tomography of soft tissue tumors of the hand and the forearm]. 216 Jun 73

Tumors are rare causes of knee symptoms in children but must be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric knee pain in order to avoid errors in treatment that could result in loss of limb or even life. Experience with 199 bone and soft-tissue tumors about the knee in children are reviewed. The majority of lesions were benign bone tumors (n = 101), with osteocartilaginous exostoses, nonossifying fibromas, and chondroblastomas predominating. Malignant bone tumors (n = 59) were less frequent, and osteosarcoma (n = 48) was by far the most common sarcoma. Soft-tissue lesions (n = 31) were much less frequent and included rhabdomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and desmoid tumors. A careful history, physical examination, and review of roentgenograms are essential to avoid errors in diagnosis. Malignant tumors require roentgenograms and laboratory studies in sequence to stage the patient. A properly performed biopsy established the diagnosis in most instances. Popliteal cysts, stress fractures, infection, myositis ossificans, histiocytosis, and other lesions can mimic tumors and delay correct diagnosis.
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PMID:Tumors about the knee in children. 218 35

Myositis ossificans is a fairly common disorder that typically involves progressive heterotropic bone formation. A typical case is discussed in this paper. The radiographic findings in myositis ossificans are relevant in differentiating it from a malignant bone tumor and a benign process. Myositis ossificans can cause impairment to a joint with poor rehabilitative results. Limitation of joint function and little reabsorption of the heterotopic bone formation is common. Most cases are posttraumatically related with the brachialis and the quadricep femoris muscles frequently involved. This is especially true for sport injuries.
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PMID:Myositis ossificans. 220 62

We report on a 42-year-old woman showing a rapidly growing tumor on her left flank; it was removed by surgery. Histological examination revealed the typical picture of proliferative myositis. Since the clinical symptoms of this disease are nonspecific, the diagnosis always depends on histological evidence. Despite its rapid growth and its cellular pleomorphism, proliferative myositis is a reactive process and has to be differentiated histologically from sarcoma of the soft tissue.
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PMID:[Proliferative myositis]. 232 38

The behavior of two spontaneous transplantable rat tumors and a mouse lymphoma was studied in different hosts. A resistant (eR) subline to Sarcoma E 100 (S-E 100) and a susceptible one (eS) were obtained by divergent selection carried out in an inbred line of rats IIM (e). The phenotypic frequencies of the resistant and susceptible individuals to S-E 100 in the base population e and eR, eS, F1 and F2 fitted with the theoretical frequencies of a model of two independent pairs of genes, one (T) with complete dominance (locus SE1) and the other (R) with partial dominance (locus SE2). Locus SE2 would regulate the antitumoral response. Resistance to S-E 100 was found to be a dominant trait. The subcutaneous challenge of eR and eS rats with Lymphoma TACB (L-TACB) showed a different behavior. Subline eR (resistant to S-E 100) was susceptible to L-TACB while subline eS (susceptible to S-E 100) was resistant. A tumor-host interaction was found, revealing that genotypes resistant to S-E 100 were susceptible to L-TACB; in addition, susceptible animals (eR) developed lymph node metastases. It was observed, using animals of different genotypes, that susceptibility to L-TACB metastases and to local tumor growth, would be conditioned by different genes. Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) to tumor antigens (S-E 100 and L-TACB) and humoral immune response and DTH to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were investigated in eR and eS rats. Differences between both sublines were statistically significant suggesting that genes involved in the divergent selection would regulate the antitumoral immune response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Inheritance of susceptibility to tumors and metastases in rodents]. 248 19


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