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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Myositis ossificans has been subclassified into three categories: traumatic, progressive, or those cases associated with neuromuscular and chronic disease. Four cases of myositis ossificans occurred in otherwise healthy individuals without any history of trauma. These four patients illustrate a fourth and distinct subclassification of the disease.
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PMID:Nontraumatic myositis ossificans in healthy individuals. 94 10

One hundred and thirteen cases in the files of the Netherlands Committee on Bone Tumors were diagnosed as heterotopic soft tissue ossification. Myositis ossificans was diagnosed in 62, ossifying hematoma in 21, and pseudomalignant osseous tumor of soft tissues in 30 cases. Antecedent trauma was present in 37%, 46% and 7%, respectively. Myositis ossificans arose in the large muscle groups of the thighs and upper arms; when closely related to the shaft of a bone, periosteal reactions were more outspoken. Pseudomalignant osseous tumor of soft tissues was located in the hands, feet, and pelvis, some cases were not in muscle groups and some were almost periosteal. Ossifying hematoma was located in the upper and lower legs and usually in close relation to bone. The three entities belong to the same kind of reactive mesenchymal proliferative process. The radiologic and histologic patterns are reflections of whether the lesions are closely localized to bone shafts or in soft tissues, e.g. in muscles and therefore the term "reactive mesenchymal proliferation" is preferred to myositis ossificans, pseudomalignant osseous tumor of soft tissues and ossifying hematoma. Diagnostic problems are encountered in early phases when cellularity, mitotic activity, and infiltrative spread suggest malignancy. Recognition of these reactions in early phases is important to avoid mutilating surgery.
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PMID:Reactive mesenchymal proliferation. 145 31

Myositis ossificans is a benign condition of heterotopic bone formation. It is a generalized term for four separate clinical entities. Although not a rare disease process, diagnosis often remains difficult. This article reviews the various forms of myositis ossificans, as well as the pathology, diagnostic tests, and treatment options.
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PMID:Myositis ossificans traumatica. 146 67

Myositis ossificans typically presents as soft tissue swelling with progressive ossification on radiographs. Since magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly used to evaluate soft tissue masses, we analyzed eight MR examinations in seven patients with myositis ossificans to determine if typical patterns were present. One acute lesion had homogeneous intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Two subacute lesions had low signal intensity margins with slightly increased signal intensity centers on T1-weighted images and very high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Five chronic lesions had two different patterns. All five were well-defined with low signal intensity borders. Three had signal intensity patterns characteristic of fat on T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. The other two lesions had intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted images and slightly increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images. We conclude that typical MR appearances of myositis ossificans do exist. A low signal intensity rim is a common finding. However, these patterns are not unique to myositis ossificans and resemble those that have been reported in other lesions. It is important to be aware of the spectrum of MR findings of myositis ossificans when considering the differential diagnosis of a soft tissue mass.
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PMID:Magnetic resonance imaging of myositis ossificans: analysis of seven cases. 146 42

Myositis ossificans is a relatively rare, well-defined entity. The 23 cases sent for consultation to two of us (L.V.A. and A.N.) were reviewed. Clinical, radiologic, and microscopic information was reexamined, and special attention was given to features infrequently seen in typical myositis ossificans. Average age at presentation was 23 years, but 1 patient was younger than 2 years, and 2 were younger than 10 years. Due to the uncommon location of 15 lesions and an unusual presentation in 5, the correct diagnosis was not obvious in these cases. A history of trauma was elicited in 8 patients, denied by 7, and was not queried in the remainder. Radiologic studies raised the possibility of a malignant bone-forming tumor in at least three instances; myositis ossificans was originally diagnosed in 6 cases radiologically. In 8 cases, histologic evidence suggested malignancy, including osteosarcoma, either parosteal or extraosseous, in 6. Other diagnoses included epithelioid sarcoma and callus formation. Presentation of these variations from the norm highlights the importance of recognizing the evolution of a nonneoplastic fibro-osseous and cartilaginous entity in which conservative treatment is curative.
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PMID:Myositis ossificans with atypical clinical, radiographic, or pathologic findings: a review of 23 cases. 156 15

An unusual case of myositis ossificans of the medial pterygoid muscle has been discussed. It is important to know the exact cause of the temporomandibular joint ankylosis, for successful treatment. Computed tomographic scan and panoramic radiographs are essential diagnostic aids for evaluating conditions such as myositis ossificans. Myositis ossificans can be one of the causes of extra-articular temporomandibular joint ankylosis.
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PMID:Myositis ossificans of medial pterygoid muscle. A cause for temporomandibular joint ankylosis. 160 62

Myositis ossificans traumatica is a benign muscular lesion that is frequently reported in the orthopedic literature, but is not commonly found in the foot. This case report discusses myositis ossificans occurring in the foot. It is most likely subsequent to a heel spur injection received by the patient.
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PMID:Myositis ossificans: pedal manifestations. 164 5

Myositis ossificans developing as a complication of tetanus is very rare. There are only nine cases reported so far. We report here a case of a young female who developed myositis ossificans in both the elbow joints as a complication of severe tetanus.
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PMID:Myositis ossificans in tetanus. A rare complication. 197 50

Myositis ossificans is a fairly common disorder that typically involves progressive heterotropic bone formation. A typical case is discussed in this paper. The radiographic findings in myositis ossificans are relevant in differentiating it from a malignant bone tumor and a benign process. Myositis ossificans can cause impairment to a joint with poor rehabilitative results. Limitation of joint function and little reabsorption of the heterotopic bone formation is common. Most cases are posttraumatically related with the brachialis and the quadricep femoris muscles frequently involved. This is especially true for sport injuries.
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PMID:Myositis ossificans. 220 62

The computed tomographic (CT) scans and medical records of 35 patients with proven benign soft-tissue masses of the extremities were reviewed to assess the contribution of CT in the evaluation of such masses. CT demonstrated the mass in all 35 cases and was able to provide a specific diagnosis in 28 (80%); 25 prospectively, three retrospectively. Correct diagnoses made using CT included hematomas (five), synovial cysts (seven), myositis ossificans (six), fatty tumors (four), aneurysms (three), pseudoaneurysms (two), schwannoma (one), and abscess (one). The CT appearance of a hematoma depends on its age. Synovial cysts are near-water-density masses, often associated with a small joint effusion. Myositis ossificans can be differentiated from parosteal osteosarcoma by virtue of its characteristic zonal ossification. Lipomas are recognized on noncontrast scans by the characteristic low attenuation of fat, while aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms are best diagnosed on postcontrast scans. In seven cases (20%) a specific diagnosis could not be made on the basis of the CT scan. However, in these cases CT delineated the extent of the mass and demonstrated its relation to surrounding structures; this anatomic information was helpful in planning surgical excision or percutaneous biopsy. The authors conclude that CT is a valuable noninvasive imaging method for the evaluation of soft-tissue masses of the extremities.
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PMID:CT of benign soft-tissue masses of the extremities. 660 49


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