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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe a patient with bilateral orbital myositis, multiple cranial neuropathies, a sensory polyneuropathy, serum and cerebrospinal fluid paraproteins, and high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Neurologic symptoms began more than 1 year before diagnosis of the lymphoma. Results of extraocular muscle biopsy showed extensive destruction of myofibers and granulomatous features, with no evidence of direct tumor involvement. The cranial neuropathies and orbital myositis improved with immunosuppressive therapy, while the patient's tumor progressed. We believe the orbital myositis and the multiple neurologic abnormalities were paraneoplastic effects of the lymphoma. To our knowledge, this is the first case of orbital myositis identified as a paraneoplastic syndrome.
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PMID:Orbital myositis as a paraneoplastic syndrome. 812 65

The association of rheumatic syndromes and malignancy is highlighted in this review. The prevalence of malignancy in a series of patients with unclassified rheumatic syndromes is reported. The spectrum of arthropathies associated with malignancy includes bilateral knee effusions, sacroiliitis, and adult-onset Still's disease. There are further reports on the well-recognized association between dermatomyositis and malignancy. The importance of screening for malignancy in patients with classic dermatomyositis as well as dermatomyositis sine myositis is highlighted. The association of mixed cryoglobulinemia with hepatitis C virus infection, hepatocellular carcinoma, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is discussed. Finally, the association of miscellaneous rheumatic features such as autoantibodies, vasculitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, and multicentric reticulohistiocytosis with malignancy is described.
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PMID:Rheumatologic manifestations of malignancy. 911 Jan 38

The most recent evidence from population-based cohort studies confirms the association between malignancy and dermatomyositis and polymyositis. These studies show an even stronger association between polymyositis and malignancy than previous studies, suggesting less misclassification. This is particularly true of one study that used pathologic criteria to distinguish between myositis subtypes. Recent data also confirm that the association for dermatomyositis and polymyositis is not purely caused by diagnostic suspicion or surveillance bias. More data are still required to determine individual cancer risks, although it appears that ovarian and lung cancer are associated with dermatomyositis while lung cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are associated with polymyositis. An association between malignant disease and inclusion body myositis has also been verified for the first time. Of interest, too, is the increasing number of reports documenting cases in which the clinical course of the myositis mirrors that of the cancer, supporting the notion that in some instances, myositis is a paraneoplastic disorder.
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PMID:Malignancy in patients with inflammatory myopathy. 1221 47

The authors describe the case of a patient with NHL, who had undergone a series of clinical and laboratory investigations for the presence of pain, oedema and functional deficiency of the lower limbs associated with generalized weakness. From the data of the literature in cases of myositis, labelled as paraneoplastic disorders, no histological classification or phenotypic characterization have been provided, with exception of a case diagnosed as K1 positive lymphoma. A meta-analysis of case control studies and cohort of myositis and neoplasia do not show an increased incidence of cancer before a diagnosis of polymyositis (PM), although it seems to be an increased risk following diagnosis. The association of PM with a neoplasia, compared with that of dermatomyositis (DM) with a neoplasia, seems less frequent. In view of these considerations, of the usefulness of a diagnosis of neoplasia concurrently or in association with a neoplasia with a PM/DM, and furthermore in order to better define the frequency of a particular phenotype in the subsequent lymphoproliferative disorders, we have described a case of polymyositis, admitted in one hospital and subsequently recognized as being associated with a diffuse follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma with small B lymphocytes.
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PMID:[Polymyositis as a paraneoplastic syndrome in a case of non-Hodgkin lymphoma]. 1267 87

This section of a two-part series on musculoskeletal disorders associated with HIV infection and AIDS reviews the non-infectious musculoskeletal conditions. In the first part, the infectious conditions were reviewed. The non-infectious conditions include polymyositis, drug-induced myopathy, myositis ossificans, adhesive capsulitis, avascular necrosis, bone marrow abnormalities, and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. Inflammatory and reactive arthropathies are more prevalent in HIV-positive individuals, and a separate section is dedicated to these conditions, including Reiter's syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, HIV-associated arthritis, painful articular syndrome, and acute symmetric polyarthritis. Lastly, we include a discussion of HIV-related neoplastic processes that affect the musculoskeletal system, namely Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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PMID:Musculoskeletal disorders associated with HIV infection and AIDS. Part II: non-infectious musculoskeletal conditions. 1512 44

Cancer-related muscle diseases are usually paraneoplastic disorders. Dermatomyositis (DM) is a type of inflammatory myopathy that is strongly associated with a broad range of malignant disorders. The malignancy can occur before, concomitantly or after the onset of myositis. The malignancies most commonly associated with DM are carcinomas of ovary, lung, stomach, colorectal and pancreas, as well as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. An association of DM with carcinoma of the gall bladder (GB) is extremely rare with only two previously reported cases in the literature. We report a case of carcinoma of GB with DM as the paraneoplastic manifestation.
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PMID:Carcinoma of gall bladder presenting as dermatomyositis. 2165 5

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma occurs and recurs in the peripheral nerves or skeletal muscles. Lymphoma cells infiltrate along anatomic structures. They typically do not invade the central nervous system from the cranial or peripheral nerve roots. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid often does not lead to the diagnosis of neurolymphomatosis, even when meningeal infiltration is present. The concentration of soluble interleukin 2 (IL2) receptor, together with the findings of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 18 fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) may contribute to the diagnosis, but not in early stages of the disease. Investigation of other tissues including bone marrow is sometimes useful. Differential diagnosis includes inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy in the nerve, and focal myositis in the muscle, in addition to other malignancies. Some lymphoma clones appear to have affinity for the peripheral nerves or muscle tissues.
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PMID:[Lymphoma in the peripheral nerves and muscles]. 2508 17

Laryngeal carcinoma is rarely associated with paraneoplastic syndrome. Inflammatory myopathy presenting as paraneoplastic event is commonly associated with carcinomas of ovary, lung, pancreas, stomach, colorectal, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We report a case of elderly male, who presented with proximal muscle weakness and found to be associated with laryngeal carcinoma. Diagnosis of polymyositis (PM) was confirmed based on clinical features, laboratory test, and muscle biopsy. Exclusion of other commonly associated malignancies was done. This patient improved gradually after 6 months of immunosuppressive therapy and management of underlying cancer.
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PMID:Laryngeal carcinoma presenting as polymyositis: A paraneoplastic syndrome. 2701 53