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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A profound analysis of morbidity with temporary disability (MTD) revealed low health states of the women engaged in coal preparation plants in both Northern and Southern regions of the country. The results obtained proved the major role of labour conditions in the structure of the MTD levels, particularly in such diseases as acute respiratory (dust, hazardous microclimate), hypertension (noise), vascular dystonia (noise and vibration), radiculitis and myositis (poor microclimate). The data proposed a basis for planning health improvement measures.
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PMID:[Morbidity with temporary disability of the workers of coal-processing factories]. 206 Aug 8

The occurrence of high-risk factors for vascular disorders was analysed in a group of 43 patients suffering from diplopia of unknown aetiology. The subjects (25 men and 18 women) were aged between 17 and 78 years. Previously excluded were patients with intracranial or orbital tumors, ocular myositis or myasthenia, multiple sclerosis, endocrine orbitopathy, head trauma, cerebral hemorrhage or aneurysms, leucaemic infiltrates or metastasising tumors. Compared to the control groups of extensive epidemiological studies, the patients showed a higher prevalence of arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Adipositas, lipometabolic disturbance and cigarette smoking were also more frequent. The findings support the hypothesis of a vascular origin of eye-muscle paresis.
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PMID:[Vascular risk factors in patients with ophthalmoplegia]. 223 96

The second generation fibric acid derivative, bezafibrate (Bezalip, Norlip) is widely used as a hypolipemic agent throughout Europe and Israel. Its side-effects are well documented, and include myositis, which is considered very rare. We report a 55-year-old diabetic woman with hypertension who had mild renal dysfunction (creatinine 2.0 mg/dl) who received 400 mg/d bezafibrate because of combined (Type IIb) hyperlipoproteinemia. She developed acute myositis, with extreme muscle weakness, pain and CPK levels of up to 3500 units. On discontinuation of the drug all clinical and biochemical features ceased and complete cure followed. No other symptoms have appeared during 2 years of followup. The few reports of such cases in the German literature point to a greater prevalence of myositis in those with renal dysfunction. Early diagnosis of bezafibrate-induced myositis is crucial, a discontinuation of the drug results in cure.
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PMID:[Acute severe myositis due to bezafibrate treatment]. 272 79

Labetalol has been successful in treating hypertension, and few side effects have been reported, although there have been cases of muscle pain during treatment. A patient with essential hypertension treated with labetalol 600 mg daily complained of muscle pains, particularly in the legs. No neurological abnormality was found, but the activity of muscle enzymes in the blood was high. Findings on electromyography were compatible with myositis and electron microscopical findings suggested toxic myopathy. Labetalol was stopped for 10 days, and the muscle pain disappeared and enzyme activity returned to normal. When labetalol was restarted the pain returned and enzyme activities rose. Myopathy should be considered in patients experiencing muscle pain after treatment with labetalol.
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PMID:Labetalol-induced toxic myopathy. 678 36

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogenous disease with a morbidity and mortality that varies widely. Nonetheless, the future clinical course of an individual patient can be estimated based on the severity of skin and internal organ involvement within the first several years of the disease. Patients with limited cutaneous SSc (ISSc) have skin thickening below the elbows or knees and may have face and neck involvement. Patients with this subtype of SSc have Raynaud's phenomenon, digital ulcers, and esophageal dysfunction. Significant morbidity and mortality arises in those patients with ISSc who develop interstitial lung disease or pulmonary artery hypertension. Patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dSSc) have skin thickening above the elbows and knees or on the trunk. These patients have a more abrupt onset of disease, often with constitutional symptoms and arthalgias. Severe heart, lung, gut, and renal involvement, if it occurs, tends to develop within the first 5 years of disease, especially within the first several years. Patients with significant internal organ involvement have a poorer prognosis than patients who do not. The goals of the initial history and physical and laboratory examinations are to classify the type of scleroderma as ISSc or dSSc, to estimate disease duration, and to define the extent and severity of organ involvement. Treatment of SSc is organ based. Treatment may reduce morbidity associated with Raynaud's phenomenon, digital ulcers, esophageal dysmotility, esophageal reflux, gut dysmotility, arthralgias, myositis, and pulmonary artery hypertension. Therapy may stabilize lung function in patients with interstitial lung disease with alveolitis and stabilize renal function in patients with renal crisis. The overall prognosis for patients with SSc appears to be improving. Patients with early dSSc should be considered for enrollment onto protocol testing of potential disease-modifying therapies.
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PMID:Clinical approach to scleroderma. 975 79

A Danish multicentre study was undertaken of the manifestations, infections, thrombotic events, survival and predictive factors of survival in 513 Danish patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) according to the 1982 classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology. The mean duration of follow-up was 8.2 years from diagnosis and 12.8 years from first symptom. This paper describes the most common clinical and laboratory manifestations and their relationship to sex and age at the time of onset and diagnosis. Cluster analysis revealed three clinically defined clusters at the time of disease onset. Cluster 1 (57% of patients) consisted of relatively elderly patients without nephropathy or malar rash, but with a high prevalence of discoid lesions. Cluster 2 (18%) consisted of patients with nephropathy, a third of whom also developed serositis and lymphopenia. The patients of the third cluster (25%) all had malar rash and half were photosensitive. Follow-up showed that the patients of cluster 2 developed azotaemia, large proteinuria, arterial hypertension and myositis significantly more often than did the rest of the patients, but the mortality was not increased. The risk of developing renal end-stage disease was highest in men with early-onset disease.
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PMID:A multicentre study of 513 Danish patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. I. Disease manifestations and analyses of clinical subsets. 989 Jun 74

The benefits of blood pressure lowering, lipid lowering, and glycemic control on morbidity and mortality have been established in major long-term clinical trials. The most extensive information is available for diuretics or beta-blockers in hypertension, hepatic hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) in dyslipidemia, and insulin or sulfonylureas in diabetes. Other drug classes provide similar improvements in blood pressure, lipid profile, and glycemic control, and thereby might be expected to provide comparable long-term benefits. As a result, national guidelines advocate treating patients aggressively in order to achieve control of blood pressure low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and blood glucose. The risks associated with drug treatment are generally class-specific. Among antidiabetic agents, sulfonylureas and insulin are associated with risk for severe hypoglycemia, metformin with risk for lactic acidosis, and troglitazone with risk for idiosyncratic hepatocellular injury. Similarly, widely used antihypertensive and lipid-lowering agents are associated with risk for serious complications, such as angioedema with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, possible increased risk for myocardial infarction and cancer with calcium antagonists, and myositis and liver dysfunction with statins. Physicians must take an aggressive approach to patient management in order to achieve a level of disease control that optimally reduces risk for morbidity and mortality. Serious adverse events may occur rarely with most drug classes; these events can be minimized by appropriately monitoring or selecting patients for treatment.
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PMID:Safety of drugs commonly used to treat hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes (the metabolic syndrome): part 1. 1146 7

Many articles have been published on assessing and treating chronic venous insufficiency and venous leg ulcers; most recommend correcting the underlying cause. These same articles often fail to examine and address a common factor or cofactor of venous hypertension--musculoskeletal changes. Frequently, these changes accompany major injuries, neurological disease, vascular insufficiency, debilitating diseases, myositis, and bone and joint pain and can adversely affect the dynamics of the calf muscle pump. The calf muscles rapidly waste and weaken with disuse--even a change in gait related to a painful ulcer can exacerbate venous hypertension and cause calf muscle disuse atrophy. This article reviews the cause and effect of musculoskeletal changes on the hemodynamics of the calf muscle pump. Recommendations for changes in practice will be based on the identification of the underlying cause of chronic venous insufficiency related to these musculoskeletal changes.
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PMID:The impact of musculoskeletal changes on the dynamics of the calf muscle pump. 1189 75

Obesity is a heterogeneous condition of variable aetiology, generally associated with pathologies such as arterial hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes and cardiac disease. These conditions, either themselves or because of the various treatments used, may further modify blood rheology in an arbitrary manner. Therefore, analyses of changes in the blood rheology induced by obesity in humans have had differing and controversial results. In our laboratory, a model of hypertriglyceridaemic obesity is provided by an inbred rat strain; the beta genotype from the IIMb/Fm strain, presenting a syndrome of moderate obesity with apparent peripubertal onset, associated with hypertriglyceridaemia and glucose intolerance that turns into diabetes. The alpha genotype, originated from the same IIM/Fm stock, represents the control. The present study describes a comparative analysis of the variables determining the rheological behaviour of the blood in obese and control strains. Our results, agreeing with some other studies performed in humans, confirmed the haemorheological changes associated with obesity, and the fact that these changes became more evident in the presence of pathologies such as diabetes. It appears that triglyceridaemia. cholesterolaemia and hyperglycaemia may influence the rheological behaviour of the cell membrane and this damage may provoke a decrease in erythrocyte deformability and, consequently, hyperviscosity of the blood.
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PMID:Haemorheological variables in a rat model of hypertriglyceridaemic obesity and diabetes. 1250 37

Myositis, while uncommon, develops more frequently in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. We report a case of acute lower leg ischemia caused by myositis in such a patient. Urgent four-compartment fasciotomy of the lower leg was performed, which decompressed the compartmental hypertension and reversed the arterial ischemia. This case underscores the importance of recognizing compartment syndrome as a cause of acute limb ischemia.
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PMID:Acute limb ischemia secondary to myositis-induced compartment syndrome in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection. 1275 62


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