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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical and laboratory data from 1973 to 1988 were retrospectively reviewed to study the microbiology of infection following trauma. A total of 368 specimens obtained from 340 trauma patients showed bacterial growth. The traumas included lacerations (163), blunt trauma (76), penetrating trauma (65), bites (20), and open fractures (10). Anaerobic bacteria only were isolated in 119 (32%) specimens, aerobic bacteria only in 58 (16%), and mixed aerobic-anaerobic flora in 191 (52%). A total of 444 anaerobic (1.2 isolates per specimen) and 267 aerobic or facultative (0.7 per specimen) were recovered. The predominant anaerobic bacteria included Bacteroides fragilis group (119 isolates), Peptostreptococcus spp (113), Clostridium spp (78), Prevotella spp (58), and Fusobacterium spp (23). The predominant aerobic bacteria included Escherichia coli (83), Staphylococcus aureus (61), Streptococcus pyogenes (27), Streptococcus group D (16), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (16). The types of infections included abscesses (109), bacteremia (32), bites (13), empyema (10), osteomyelitis (21), peritonitis (52), thrombophlebitis (12), and wounds (116, including posttraumatic wounds, cellulitis, stump wound, decubitus ulcers, myositis, and fasciitis). S. aureus was isolated at all sites. However, organisms of the oropharyngeal flora predominated in infections that originated from that location (ie, head and neck wounds, and abscesses or bites), and those of the gastrointestinal flora predominated in infections that originated from that site (ie, peritonitis, abdominal abscesses, decubitus ulcers). This study showed the polymicrobial nature of many infections that follow trauma.
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PMID:Aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of infection after trauma. 978 44

Infections with Clostridium perfringens usually manifest locally or spread to sepsis with multiorgan involvement, hemolysis or septic shock. Central nervous system (CNS) manifestations are rare and most frequently comprise meningitis with or without pneumencephalon, encephalitis, plexitis, cerebral abscess, or subdural empyema. The course of CNS affections is usually foudroyant and the outcome fatal. Neuromuscular manifestations of C. perfringens infections are much more frequent than CNS manifestations and comprise myonecrosis (gas gangrene), rhabdomyolysis, myositis, fasciitis, affection of the neuromuscular transmission, or affection of the peripheral nerves. C. perfringens infections usually start from the site of a recent surgical wound or trauma, a gastrointestinal or urogenital problem, or occur in association with malignancy. In quite a number of cases the source of origin remains speculative. Treatment of choice is surgical debridement of the infectious focus with radical removal of all necrotic tissue, resection of the corresponding lymphatics in addition to antibiotic therapy with penicillin G, aminoglycosides, or clindamycin or hyperbaric oxygenation. Despite these therapeutic options, the prognosis of CNS and neuromuscular involvement in an infection with C. perfringens is still poor. Only focal infections or clostridial brain abscesses may eventually have a more favorable outcome, if surgery and antibiotics are instantly provided. Generally, early recognition of the infectious agent is of paramount importance to prevent from spreading and the development of severe hemolysis, septic shock, or death.
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PMID:Neuromuscular and central nervous system manifestations of Clostridium perfringens infections. 1803 7

A 52-year-old woman with a 6-month history of prednisolone treatment for suspected diagnosis of myositis presented 3 months after withdrawal of steroids with headache, nuchal rigidity, fever, nausea, and vomiting. While routine blood work was unremarkable, CSF analysis was consistent with bacterial meningitis. MRI confirmed a non-enhancing pituitary cystic lesion that had been incidentally diagnosed 6 years earlier as a suspected Rathke's cleft cyst (RCC). Under the suspected diagnosis of RCC empyema, the patient underwent transsphenoidal surgery. Neuropathological examination revealed purulent material containing gram-positive cocci within a RCC.
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PMID:Recurrent Bacterial Meningitis Perpetuated by an Infected Rathke's Cleft Cyst. 2659 31