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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Inflammatory myopathy has been associated with systemic inflammatory processes, endocrinopathies, malignancies and infections. Drug induced myopathies have been implicated with the use of several medications. We report a case of biopsy proven myositis whose symptoms began within 10 days of receiving leuprolide acetate therapy for prostate cancer. Drug withdrawal and brief steroid therapy resulted in clinical remission within two months of diagnosis.
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PMID:Drug induced polymyositis secondary to leuprolide acetate (Lupron) therapy for prostate carcinoma. 195 4

A 25-year-old woman with a 2 years history of painful enlargement of the left calf visited our clinic because of ache in the left calf which became severe enough to interfere her walk. She had no history of trauma to the calf, and family history was negative for muscle disease. Physical examination showed an enlarged left calf muscle with pain which was evoked by stretching of the Achilles tendon. There was no muscle weakness or neurological abnormality. Laboratory tests were all within normal limits, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum enzymes such as creatine kinase and aldolase. The CT scan revealed an isolated round-shaped low density area in the left calf muscle, which showed up as a markedly high signal intensity on T2 weighted images of MRI. The lesion was confirmed to be the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle. The specimen obtained from the affected muscle demonstrated degenerative and inflammatory changes together with excess fibrosis. There was no sarcoid lesion or malignancy. From the above results, the present case was thought to have isolated focal myositis. Prednisolone 80 mg (40 mg, twice, at 4-day intervals) was given to the left femoral artery without any trouble. Thereafter the patient became free from pain and difficulty in walking, and the lesion demonstrated by CT scan disappeared in 15 days. However, the high signal intensity on T2 weighted images faintly remained until the 54th day after the treatment. In summary, MRI is more sensitive than CT scan for detection of isolated focal myositis, which might be successfully treated by arterial injection of prednisolone within a short period than any other conventional methods.
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PMID:[A case of isolated focal myositis successfully treated by arterial injection of prednisolone--its findings by CT scan and MRI]. 208 34

Computed tomography was carried out in 32 patients with clinically equivocal soft-tissue lesions of the hand (24 times) and forearm (8 times). The CT scans were performed with the patients in standard positions; thin slices and zoom technique were used. All soft-tissue tumors were correctly diagnosed with regard to localization, size and infiltration of the surrounding tissue. The histological diagnosis was correct in tendon-sheath proliferations, deposits caused by metabolic disorders, epithelial and ganglion cysts, hemangiomas, lipomas and in one schwannoma. A malignancy was suspected and was proven to be correct in two cases. False-positive diagnoses of a malignant soft-tissue tumor were made in one case of an aggressive fibromatosis, in a rapidly progressive, ossifying myositis, and three times in the presence of postoperative scar tissue following the resection of a sarcoma. Finally, a case of proliferative myositis regarded as semimalignant was underrated by CT. The hand surgeon considered CT diagnostics to be very helpful in planning operations in an anatomically complex organ such as the hand.
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PMID:[Computed tomography of soft tissue tumors of the hand and the forearm]. 216 Jun 73

Older patients may be excluded from intensive care units because of the perception that they will benefit less than younger patients. To determine if advanced age is associated with increased mortality independent of severity of illness, we compared older and middle-aged patients admitted to a medical intensive care unit. We reviewed the charts of 130 patients age 75 years or older and 135 patients age 55 to 65 admitted over a 30-month period. We controlled for severity of illness using the Acute Physiology Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) system without including points for age (APACHE IIM). The groups were similar with regard to gender, whether or not they had a private attending physician, mean APACHE IIM score, and diagnoses, except that older patients had more chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Hospital stay was slightly longer in the older group (37 vs. 39 days, rank sum, P less than .02). Hospital mortality was significantly greater in the older group (39% vs. 51%, Chi-square P less than .05) with a crude relative risk of 1.32 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01, 1.73). However, the relation of age group to mortality differed for patients with different diagnoses. When we used logistic regression to adjust for APACHE IIM, whether the patient had a private attending physician, primary admitting diagnosis, or presence of cancer, older patients did not have a significantly greater risk of dying (adjusted relative risk, 1.05; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.12). When pulmonary artery catheterization was added to the model, it independently predicted mortality adjusted relative risk, 1.47; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.06.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Are elderly people less responsive to intensive care? 235 23

Nailfold capillary microscopy was performed in 19 patients with polymyositis (PM) and 16 with dermatomyositis (DM). Enlarged capillary loops were seen more frequently in patients with DM (56%) than in those with PM (21%). Avascular lesions occurred in both PM and DM, but were more prevalent and more severe in patients with DM. Raynaud's phenomenon, arthritis, and pulmonary involvement were associated with greater numbers of enlarged capillary loops and more severe avascular lesions. The severity of the observed microvascular abnormalities did not correlate with the occurrence of malignancy or active myositis, but appeared to lessen with prolonged disease remission.
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PMID:Nailfold capillary microscopy in polymyositis and dermatomyositis. 244 95

A man with IgG1 multiple myeloma developed fever, confusion, and progressive muscle weakness resulting in paralysis. Echovirus type 11 was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid, pleura, pleural fluid, and muscle, and muscle biopsy disclosed changes consistent with viral myositis. Immunologic evaluation revealed low serum levels of polyclonal IgG subtypes 1 and 3, reduced blood levels of T-helper/inducer and T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells, and a complement abnormality involving the function of the classical pathway C3 convertase, C4b2a. Therapy with intravenous immunoglobulin was associated with clinical recovery. This is the first reported case of disseminated central nervous system enteroviral infection in an adult with a B-cell malignancy, and in association with a documented complement abnormality. The findings suggest the efficacy of immunotherapy in this disease.
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PMID:Disseminated echovirus infection in a patient with multiple myeloma and a functional defect in complement. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin. 252 14

Childhood polymyositis is generally believed to exhibit specific characteristics including involvement of multiple systems, absence of malignancies, severe outcome, cortico-resistance, perforations of the bowel, and inflammatory vasculitis. On the basis of our experience with 23 cases and a review of the literature, we divide childhood polymyositis into five groups: 1) Severe acute dermatomyositis (11 cases) that fits the description above; 2) subacute or chronic polymyositis (4 cases) that resembles the chronic forms seen in adults; 3) infantile polymyositis (3 cases) whose inflammatory origin has not been proved and whose cause may be dystrophic; 4) inclusion polymyositis (2 cases) that are identical with adulthood inclusion myositis; 5) segmentary polymyositis (3 cases). Thus, in children as in adults, polymyositis remains an obscure disease and is a syndrome rather than an entity.
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PMID:[Anatomoclinical expressions of polymyositis in the child. 23 cases]. 274 7

A case of retroperitoneal infectious myositis is described. The symptoms of infectious myositis may be confused with those of other more frequent soft tissue pathologies (haematoma and sarcomata). This infection is more frequent in countries with a tropical climate. The most frequent aetiological agent is Staphylococcus aureus. This paper reports on the diagnostic and therapeutic problems of this disease as recently observed at the Division of Surgical Oncology of the National Cancer Institute in Genoa.
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PMID:Retroperitoneal infectious myositis. 275 23

The diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is not usually a problem for the otolaryngologist/head and neck surgeon. However, we describe a patient whose ultimate diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma required 16 months and eluded several clinicians, despite an aggressive diagnostic regimen. The diagnostic difficulty was due to the fact that the small, centrally located tumor was surrounded by an intense inflammatory reaction that histologically mimicked a recently described rare entity of the head and neck, focal myositis. Our purpose is to make the otolaryngologist/head and neck surgeon aware of this previously unreported presentation of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue; to review the pertinent findings associated with focal myositis; and to reinforce the need to maintain a constant vigil for the diagnosis of cancer, in spite of negative pathologic confirmation, when dictated by the clinical situation.
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PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma masquerading as focal myositis of the tongue. 275 4

In five cases of pseudomalignant myositis ossificans a benign diagnosis was suggested by fine-needle aspiration cytology and confirmed by radiographs and the clinical course. Hence, the need of biopsy to exclude malignancy was obviated. The symptoms rapidly resolved in all the patients. Thus, surgery may not be indicated in pseudomalignant myositis ossificans.
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PMID:Pseudomalignant myositis ossificans. Clinical, radiologic, and cytologic diagnosis in 5 cases. 281 24


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