Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027121 (myositis)
 4,538 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Infection of 60 to 90% of neutrophils with the protozoa, Hepatozoon canis, was detected in 2 dogs. Clinical signs included lethargy, anorexia, and weight loss. Both dogs had severe anemia, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia as well as hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, and high activities of serum alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase. Both dogs were treated with imidocarb dipropionate and doxycycline. One dog recovered clinically, with disappearance of parasites from WBC. The other dog died, despite treatment. Necropsy revealed widespread dispersion of schizonts in the parenchymal tissues, but no involvement of skeletal muscle tissues. The disease syndrome that has been identified in the Texas Gulf region is characterized by gait abnormalities associated with multifocal pyogranulomatous myositis, thus, it is distinct clinicopathologically from the syndrome observed in these 2 dogs.
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PMID:Hepatozoon canis infection in two dogs. 779 Mar 3

Four 4-mo-old elk calves (Cervus elaphus) obtained from northeastern Oregon (USA) each were inoculated orally with 250,000 sporocysts of Sarcocystis spp., including S. sybillensis and S. wapiti. Three similar elk calves of comparable ages and weights served as uninoculated controls maintained with the inoculated elk during the experimental period between September and December 1993. Body weights were evaluated at 0 and 90 days postinoculation (PI); packed cell volumes of whole blood were evaluated at 0, 30, and 60 days PI, and numbers of sarcocysts in histologic sections from 11 selected tissues were evaluated at 90 days PI. Significant differences in blood packed cell volumes were not detected between groups (P > 0.05). Except for weight gain, elk remained healthy. Mean (+/- SE) weight gain of inoculated elk (27.1 +/- 1.6 kg) was significantly (P < 0.05) less than that of controls (40.2 +/- 4.9 kg). Mean (+/- SE) number of sarcocysts in tissues of inoculated (114.4 +/- 25.7 cm2) and controls (4.5 +/- 1.4 cm2) differed significantly (P < 0.05). Heart, esophagus and skeletal muscle contained the most sarcocysts. No sarcocysts were detected in brain, spinal cord, or testicles. Histologically, mononuclear myositis and myocarditis, with numerous intralesional sarcocysts were seen. Less severe, but widespread inflammation occurred in brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve. Mortality and anemia were not seen, but weight gain depression was detected in the inoculated elk over the 90 day experimental period.
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PMID:Experimental infections of Sarcocystis spp. in Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) calves. 859 75

The third case in the literature is reported of an infection produced by Pleistophora. The clinical detail of the three cases are discussed. Two of the patients-including the reported one-were infected by HIV. All patients suffered from myositis with fever, resting and at palpation myalgia, and progressive weakness. Blood tests showed anaemia and high levels of muscle enzymes. Necrotic muscle fibrosis induced disabling contractures. Diagnosis was obtained by detecting the protozoon in a muscle biopsy. The spores may be detectable by means of different staining methods at light microscopy although electron microscopy remains the most reliable technique. Since this is such a rare condition there is no known treatment. Whether the albendazole could be as useful as occurs in patients infected by other genera of microsporidia in still uncertain.
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PMID:[Myositis caused by Pleistophora in a patient with AIDS]. 901 6

The medical records of 158 dogs with visceral leishmaniasis confirmed cytologically and/or serologically were reviewed. Ages of affected dogs varied from nine months to 15 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.3. The most common clinical manifestations of the disease were variable cutaneous lesions such as exfoliative dermatitis and skin ulcerations, chronic renal failure, peripheral lymphadenopathy or lymph node hypoplasia, masticatory muscle atrophy (i.e., chronic myositis), ocular lesions (i.e., conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, blepharitis, and uveitis), and poor body condition. Ascites, nephrotic syndrome, epistaxis, polyarthritis, and ulcerative stomatitis were seen only in a small number of cases. Clinical splenomegaly was not a common finding. The clinicopathological abnormalities were nonregenerative anemia, hyperproteinemia, glomerular proteinuria, and symptomatic or asymptomatic azotemia. In this study, an indirect immunofluorescence assay's diagnostic sensitivity was found to be higher than that of lymph node aspiration cytology.
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PMID:Clinical considerations on canine visceral leishmaniasis in Greece: a retrospective study of 158 cases (1989-1996). 1049 12

The SLE patient database at the Rheumatology Clinic, St. Luke's Hospital includes 62 patients, 58 of which have complete data. The patients were grouped according to sex (7 males vs 51 females). The presentation, clinical manifestations, ACR criteria and laboratory findings of the 2 groups were analyzed and compared. Serositis as the initial manifestation at presentation was significantly commoner in males (29% vs 2%; p < 0.05). Cardiorespiratory problems such as pleurisy, pericarditis, pericardial effusions and myocarditis were more frequent in the male subgroup. Female patients had more arthritis, myositis, neuropsychiatric manifestations (depression, psychosis and headache) anemia, leucopenia and ENA positivity than their male counterparts. All 6 mortalities recorded were in the female subgroup.
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PMID:Male SLE patients in Malta. 1059 40

Several extrahepatic manifestations have been associated with infection with Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. It has been associated with Sjogren's syndrome (SS) and inflammatory myositis (IM). The objective was to look at the prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies in the serum of SS and IM patients of Indian origin. Individuals satisfying the European Economic Community criteria for the diagnosis of SS and those satisfying the criteria of Bohan and Peter for the diagnosis of IM were recruited in the study. Routine evaluation for liver functions was made. Anti-HCV antibodies were tested by a third generation ELISA, using microplate HCV3.0 ELISA. Of the 23 patients with SS studied, 14 had extraglandular features. The commonest were anaemia and arthritis in six each, followed by in lymphopenia in two. One patient each had interstitial lung disease, hypothyroidism and chronic active hepatitis. Twenty-two patients with IM were studied alongside. None of the patients had abnormal liver functions. One patient with primary SS tested positive for anti-HCV antibodies. None of the patients with inflammatory myositis tested positive for anti-HCV antibodies. The presence of anti-HCV antibodies in our cohort of patients with SS and IM is low and more in keeping with the generally low prevalence of the infection in the Indian population.
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PMID:Paucity of anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies in the serum of Indian patients with Sjogren's syndrome and inflammatory myositis. 1502 6

We report the case of an ABO-incompatible kidney transplant recipient who died suddenly following a good transplant course of 12 years. For 10 years after transplantation, the graft function had been stable (s-Cr: 1.0-1.5 mg/dL), although chronic hepatitis C had developed, with elevation of transaminase. In the 11th year, he was admitted into the hospital with low-grade fever and general fatigue. Jaundice and anaemia progressed, and he died 2 months after admission. The autopsy diagnosis was: (1) post-renal transplantation state, (2) phlegmonous enterocolitis with septic infarction, (3) cellulitis and necrotic myositis, and (4) sepsis. The transplanted kidney graft showed well-preserved glomeruli and tubules, corresponding to chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) grade Iota (ci1, ct1, cv1), according to the Banff classification. The pathological changes observed in this long-surviving ABO-incompatible kidney graft were similar to those of an ABO-compatible graft, although its degree was milder.
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PMID:An autopsy case of bacterial septic shock 12 years following ABO-incompatible renal transplantation. 1519 73

The association of rheumatic diseases with common and some of the less common hematological features such as different forms of anemia, leukopenia and thrombopenia are described in this article. In addition, the occurrence of malignancy in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, myositis and scleroderma and possible causes are discussed. On the other hand, this review also focuses on various rheumatological manifestations of hematological diseases such as leukemia and lymphoma. The aim of the article is to give an overview of the various associations between rheumatological and hemato-/oncological diseases that have to be considered in clinical practice.
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PMID:[Rheumatic and hemato-/oncological disorders]. 1575 94

The New Zealand sea lion is a threatened species and two unusual events contributed to a decrease in recruitment in 2002. The first was a marked reduction (20%) in the number of pups born at the principal Auckland Island rookeries. Secondly, the mortality rate for pups was significantly elevated and was 33% by the end of February, almost three times the mean for that time of the year. Counts of females at rookeries indicated that the lowered fecundity was possibly due to a scarcity of food resources, supported by the fact that male pups (n=50) in 2002 grew poorly with the lightest recorded liveweights for the previous 8 years. Lowered fecundity may also have resulted from infection leading to foetal death, seen in an adult by-catch female, or abortion. Necropsies were conducted on 126/133 pups that died at Sandy Bay and for many the cause of death was multifactorial and included stillbirth, trauma, malnutrition, and severe anaemia caused by hookworm (Uncinaria spp) infection. An unusual disease presentation seen for the first time in 2002 was characterised by systemic bacterial infection that caused suppurative polyarthritis, severe necrotising fasciitis, myositis and osteomyelitis, suppurative peritonitis, pleuritis, or meningitis. For 41 pups, this syndrome was the primary cause of death and for an additional 16 it was a contributing factor along with hookworm infection or trauma. A consistent isolate has been Klebsiella pneumoniae with frequent isolations of Salmonella spp.
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PMID:New Zealand sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) epidemic 2002 (abstract). 1603 96

The association of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with idiopathic polymyositis or dermatomyositis is reported to occur in the range of 4-16%. Myositis can occur before or after SLE, or sporadically both diseases can be present simultaneously. This case report concerns a 36-year-old female patient suffering from Raynaud's phenomenon, polyarthralgia in the small joints of the hands, and skin changes compatible with Gotron's indications. Symmetric proximal muscle weakness of the extremities, fever of up to 40 degrees C, heliotrope rashes with erythematous changes in the face, upper arms, and posterior shoulders occurred subsequently. Laboratory analyses revealed increased acute phase reactants, hypochromic anaemia, lymphopenia, and increased levels of all muscle enzymes. Immunoserology demonstrated positive ANA, anti-Sm, and anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL), while anti dsDNA, anti Ro, anti La, and anti Jo-1 antibodies proved negative. Hypocomplementaemia and elevated levels of immune complexes were also detected. Pathologic sediment and proteinuria were revealed via urine analyses, while a kidney biopsy confirmed lupus nephritis (type IVa according to the World Health Organisation classification). Biopsy of erythematous changes of the posterior shoulder demonstrated leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Electromyography of the lower extremities established myopathic changes. Inflammation of the muscles was confirmed via magnetic resonance imaging. The patient was categorised as having two separate coexistent diseases--SLE and dermatomyositis. Both the classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology for SLE and the diagnostic criteria for dermatomyositis, proposed by Bohon and Peter, were fulfilled simultaneously. Treatment commenced with pulses of methylprednisolone and continued with oral therapy, including Resochin. Pulses of intravenous cyclophosphamide were also administered. After six weeks of therapy, biohumoral remission of both diseases was achieved, while complete recovery from muscle weakness was accomplished after four months.
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PMID:[Systemic lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis--case report]. 1653 99


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