Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027066 (myoclonus)
 4,275 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 15 years-old girl with no previous history of epilepsy or neurological disease presented three types of epileptic symptoms the same day: 1) clusters of rhythmic myoclonus of the left hemiface; 2) episodes of painful paresthesias of the left arm followed by secondary generalised seizures; 3) episodes of elementary visual hallucinations of the right hemifield. She had several seizures each hour and some were recorded. There were no EEG abnormalities during the facial myoclonus but rapid rhythms were seen during the sensory and visual partial seizures on the right parietal and left occipital lobes. There was no fever and no drowsiness. The CSF tap showed pleocytosis. Serological studies indicated recent mumps. The drugs were initially inefficient. The seizures disappeared after a month. The drugs were stopped after three months and the seizures had not relapsed after a one year's follow-up. Though there were no other sign of encephalitis, we believe that episode of multifocal seizures was due to mumps encephalitis.
 ...
PMID:[Multifocal epileptic crises following mumps]. 338 23

Bismuth subsalicylate preparations are over-the-counter products for gastrointestinal complaints. Bismuth toxicity causes delirium, psychosis, ataxia, myoclonus, and seizures and is reversible over several weeks or months, when bismuth intake is stopped. We report a 54-year-old man with a 6-week history of progressive confusion and memory difficulty and a 2-3-week history of involuntary movements and gait impairment. His encephalopathy was further characterized by marked multifocal myoclonic jerks, coarse postural tremors, postural instability, and gait ataxia. He gradually improved. Extensive toxic, metabolic, and infectious workup demonstrated bismuth toxicity. Spinal tap and brain magnetic resonance scan were normal. Electroencephalography showed bihemispheric slowing. As his encephalopathy cleared, he reported using bismuth subsalicylate long term (daily intake of 8 oz). Bismuth levels 5 weeks after cessation of bismuth were elevated and normalized after 12 weeks. He followed a typical course for bismuth toxicity with subacute progressive encephalopathy and gradual recovery. Creutzfeldt-Jakob was strongly considered due to his rapidly progressive encephalopathy, multifocal myoclonus, and ataxia. Due to its rarity, bismuth toxicity is often overlooked. We hope this presentation will increase recognition of bismuth toxicity. We believe more detailed labeling of bismuth products is needed to avoid similar toxicity from this readily available product.
 ...
PMID:Bismuth subsalicylate toxicity as a cause of prolonged encephalopathy with myoclonus. 775 66

A 63-year-old man presented with an 11-month history of progressive myoclonus in the right abdominal wall. Administration of clonazepam reduced the frequency and amplitude. When the therapy was discontinued, the frequency and amplitude of the myoclonus increased, and synchronous and weak myoclonus also was observed in the left abdomen. The trunk was twisted just after the appearance of the abdominal myoclonus associated with myoclonic jerks spreading from the rostral to caudal paraspinal muscles. Later in the clinical course, the myoclonus became stimulus sensitive and was induced by tendon tap given anywhere on the body, with the latency ranging from 50 to 150 ms irrespective of the sites of tapping. Myoclonus seen in the abdominal wall was segmental and considered to be of spinal origin. The reflex myoclonus had a 150-ms refractory period. It can be postulated that increased excitability of anterior horn cells at a certain segment might make a spino-bulbo-spinal reflex manifest at the corresponding segment. This myoclonus is considered to be a new form of spinal reflex myoclonus, because the abdominal myoclonic jerk seems to trigger another myoclonic jerk involving the paraspinal muscles.
 ...
PMID:Spinal myoclonus resembling belly dance. 804 73

A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a 2-year progression of muscular jerks on the bilateral thoracic and abdominal walls. Neurological examination was normal except for myoclonus localized in the bilateral Th5 to L1 segments. Myoclonus in this case was symmetrical and synchronous, and had a tendency to continue rhythmically. It was also segmental and considered to be spinal in origin. The interval between two adjacent myoclonic jerks was short when the amplitude and duration of the first myoclonus were high and long, respectively. We postulated that the activity of anterior horn cells at an impaired segment might be a factor that influences the resting time between jerks. A myoclonic jerk could be induced by a tendon tap given anywhere on this patient's body, with a latency ranging from 40 to 220 msec, irrespective of the sites of tapping. A long latency and polysynaptic reflex may participate in such stimulus sensitivity. The site of the reflex was probably above the motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve, because jerks could be induced by jaw taps. Our observations support the theory that a spino-bulbo-spinal reflex is manifested at the impaired segment.
 ...
PMID:[A case of stimulus-sensitive spinal myoclonus]. 959 4

We reported a 48-year-old male who showed stimulus-sensitive spinal myoclonus due to chronic toluene intoxication. He has been exposed to thinner for more than 30 years as a painter, and occasionally experienced an episode of headache, nausea and dizziness because of acute thinner intoxication. He noted tremor of his hands 10 years ago. He also noticed memory disturbance since the end of 1997. Neurological examination revealed postural tremor of his fingers on the bilateral sides and the left arm. In addition, rhythmic myoclonic jerks were induced in the right upper limb muscles by a tendon tap given on the right brachioradialis muscles. Surface EMG revealed repetitive grouping discharges in those two muscles approximately 100 msec after the tendon tap which continued for about 30-50 msec. A long loop reflex (C-reflex) and giant SEPs were not observed in his right upper limb, and EEG showed no spike. Urinary excretion of N-benzoylglycine, which was a metabolite of toluene was increased (1.17 g/l). Therefore, he was diagnosed as a case of chronic toluene intoxication. His myoclonic jerks were considered to be stimulus-sensitive spinal myoclonus, because they were induced segmentally and because cortical hyperexcitability was not seen. This is the first report to describe the occurrence of stimulus-sensitive spinal myoclonus in the case of chronic toluene intoxication.
 ...
PMID:[A case of chronic toluene intoxication presenting stimulus-sensitive segmental spinal myoclonus]. 1084 7

A 41-year-old man, during a neurological consultation, reported "chin twitching" over a period of a week, which was diagnosed as intermittent perioral myoclonia. With only one tonic-clonic seizure seven years before, he had mentioned several episodes of chin twitching over the years. In the clinic, there were intermittent chin movements without apparent confusion, as he was able to provide a complete history and was fully oriented with intact memory. His video-EEG showed paroxysms of polyspike and slow-wave activity, with the longest burst-free interval being 20 seconds. Discharges were maximal over the fronto-central regions, correlating with the chin myoclonus. He was able to tap his hand continuously, and remained alert. The case represents an atypical presentation of idiopathic generalised epilepsy without manifestation of absence or limb myoclonus. Although juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and other idiopathic epilepsies are rarely associated with perioral myoclonia, this sign was the principal clinical feature for this patient. Oral treatment with levetiracetam resolved his seizures.
 ...
PMID:Generalised electrographic seizures presenting as perioral myoclonia. 2456 49