Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027066 (myoclonus)
 4,275 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study reports results from experiments designed to test common, clinically useful anti-convulsants for their effectiveness, if any, against the high pressure nervous syndrome (HPNS) in rats. Phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbitone, or diazepam were administered orally to rats before compression. Endpoints used to assess the progression of the HPNS were T1, T3, and T5 (onset of, continuous, and severe tremor), myoclonus, and seizures. Of the four drugs tested, only phenobarbitone increased the onset pressure for tremor and seizures by: T1 33%; T3 11%; T5 14%; seizures 10%. Neither phenytoin, carbamazepine, nor diazepam had any significant effect on any of the endpoints studied. High dose chronic pretreatment with phenytoin also had no effect on the HPNS. These data suggest that conventional anticonvulsant treatment would be of limited value for HPNS in man, and the lack of effect also suggests that HPNS seizures are of an unusual type.
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PMID:Effects of four common anticonvulsants on the high pressure nervous syndrome in the rat. 153 60

Involuntary movements are an infrequent complication of treatment with phenytoin and include tremor, asterixis, myoclonus, parkinsonism, and dyskinesias. The mechanism by which phenytoin exerts its actions is unclear. Phenytoin has been observed to exert variable effects on dopamine metabolites and also may induce changes in serotonergic activity. In this report, we discuss the available experimental evidence concerning the possible mechanisms of involuntary movements induced by phenytoin. We describe a case of postural myoclonus during treatment with phenytoin.
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PMID:Postural myoclonus induced by phenytoin. 893 94