Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027066 (myoclonus)
 4,275 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Differential effects of neuropharmacological drugs upon susceptibility to flurothyl-induced myoclonic and clonic convulsions were assessed in two selectively bred lines of mice. Dopaminergic drugs (apomorphine and haloperidol) only affected myoclonus, whereas cholinergic (pilocarpine and scopolamine), gabaergic (AOAA and bicuculline), and serotonergic (PCPA) compounds principally influenced clonus. Noradrenergic drugs (clonidine, phentolamine and sotalol), however, altered the expression of both types of seizures. The apparent differential neurohumoral modulation of myoclonus and clonus is discussed in light of previous suggestions that these behaviors have separate neural substrates.
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PMID:Differential neurohumoral modulation of myoclonic and clonic seizures. 3 68

Milacemide, a glycine prodrug that is able to enter the brain readily, has been shown to have an antimyoclonic property in the p,p'-DDT-induced myoclonus syndrome. Milacemide increased regional 5-HT and dopamine and decreased 5-HIAA, DOPAC and HVA levels in naive rats. In p,p'-DDT-treated rats, 5-HT levels were unchanged at the time the rats experienced spontaneous myoclonus in all brain regions except in the striatum, where it increased. 5-HIAA levels increased but did not reach significant levels except in the striatum. Dopamine, DOPAC, HVA and norepinephrine were unchanged. When rats were treated concurrently with both p,p'-DDT and milacemide, regional 5-HT levels were increased and NE levels in the brainstem and cerebellum decreased. Depletion of brain serotonin by pretreatment with PCPA or with 5,7-DHT, or blocking 5-HT receptors with different 5-HT antagonists, failed to eliminate the antimyoclonic property of milacemide. This antimyoclonic effect of milacemide may be mediated through other mechanisms besides its ability to increase brain 5-HT levels. Possible mechanisms to be considered are its antiepileptic property, and its ability to increase brain glycine levels. Milacemide may have potential for therapeutic trials in patients with myoclonus.
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PMID:Milacemide increases 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine levels in rat brain--possible mechanisms of milacemide antimyoclonic property in the p,p'-DDT-induced myoclonus. 257 9