Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027066 (myoclonus)
 4,275 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of tuberculous pleurisy associated with myoclonus and Quincke's edema due to isoniazid (INH) and isoniazid sodium methanesulfonate (IHMS) was reported. A 75-year-old man was admitted to our division because of chest discomfort and the left chest pain of one month's duration. A conventional chest roentgenogram revealed pleural effusion in the left thoracic cavity. The pleural specimen obtained from the left parietal pleura revealed caseating granuloma. Myoclonus suddenly appeared two months after the administration of antituberculous drugs for tuberculous pleurisy. Therefore, INH was discontinued. Three days later the patient's myoclonus disappeared and nine days later IHMS was newly administered. The patient abruptly developed myoclonus and Quincke's edema. IHMS was discontinued and 30 mg of prednisolone was simultaneously given. Two days later myoclonus disappeared and two days more later Quincke's edema was improved. The lymphocyte stimulation test using IHMS was positive. At that time, levels of serum vitamin B6 were within normal levels. These results suggest that myoclonus may result from epileptogenic action caused by INH or IHMS, and Quincke's edema may result from hypersensitive reaction associated with IHMS.
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PMID:[A case of tuberculous pleurisy associated with myoclonus and Quincke's edema due to isoniazid and isoniazid sodium methanesulfonate]. 279 12

The use of etomidate as an anaesthetic induction agent has been hampered significantly by unwanted side effects such as pain on injection and thrombophlebitis. Investigations by Doenicke et al. have shown that the solubilizer propylene glycol is responsible for these side effects and that they can be avoided by the use of a lipid emulsion formulation. It was the goal of the present study to quantitate the reduction of thrombophlebitis and pain on injection following both formulations under double-blind study conditions. METHODS. In 100 patients anaesthesia was induced either with a new galenic formulation of etomidate--etomidate in lipid emulsion formulation (Lipofundin MCT 20%; eto-lip)--or with etomidate in propylene glycol 35% (eto-pg). Both groups received 0.3 mg kg-1 etomidate in double-blind randomized fashion. After the injection of etomidate the venous cannula was removed. The observing anaesthetist was unaware of the study drug used, to guarantee blinded investigation conditions. Discomfort and pain during and following injection were recorded, as was local skin irritation. Venous sequelae were assessed for 7 days following injection to register the occurrence of thrombophlebitis. RESULTS. Demographic data were not different between the two groups. For induction of anaesthesia the same dose of both preparations was necessary, and no difference in heart rate and blood pressure before, during or after anaesthesia induction was observed. Pain on injection (78% vs 14%), myoclonus (24% vs 8%) and local skin reaction (50% vs 6%) were present significantly more often in the eto-pg group (P < 0.01; P < 0.05 respectively, chi-square test) than in the eto-lip group. On the 1st and 2nd postoperative days, examination of the injected vein revealed a significantly higher incidence of symptoms of thrombophlebitis in the group treated with eto-pg (25% vs 3%). CONCLUSION. From these results it is concluded that in terms of vein compatibility the new galenic formulation of etomidate with lipofundin MCT 20% is superior to the propylene glycol preparation while pharmacodynamic properties seem not to be affected.
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PMID:[Anesthesia induction using etomidate in a lipid emulsion]. 848 91

Three patients presented with a 25-, 15-, and 5-year history of restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS). For 1, 4, and 5 years, they reported additional involuntary trunk and limbs jerks preceding falling asleep and occasionally during intrasleep wakefulness. Videopolysomnography revealed jerks during relaxed wakefulness arising in axial muscles with a caudal and rostral propagation at a slow conduction velocity, characteristic of propriospinal myoclonus (PSM). Jerk-related EEG-EMG back-averaging did not disclose any preceding cortical potential. During relaxed wakefulness preceding falling asleep and during intrasleep wakefulness, PSM coexisted with motor restlessness and sensory discomfort in the limbs. PSM disappeared when spindles and K-complexes appeared on the EEG. At this time, typical PLMS appeared every 20 to 40 seconds, especially during light sleep stages. PLMS EMG activity was limited to leg, especially tibialis anterior muscles, and did not show propriospinal propagation. In one patient, alternating leg muscle activation was also present. Jerks with a PSM pattern represent another motor phenomenon associated with RLS and different from the more usual PLMS.
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PMID:Propriospinal myoclonus: a motor phenomenon found in restless legs syndrome different from periodic limb movements during sleep. 1600 57