Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027066 (myoclonus)
 4,275 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We present three cases of the adult opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome in patients with systemic carcinoma. In addition to opsoclonus and myoclonus, other clinical components of the syndrome can include ataxia, tremor, gait and stance dysfunction, altered mental status, and head and face dyskinesias. The most common etiologies are idiopathic, paraneoplastic, and infectious encephalitis. Radiographic and pathological studies suggest brain-stem dysfunction with associated cerebellar and/or cerebellar pathway dysfunction. In many cases, there is evidence for the involvement of immunologic and/or inflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. The timely recognition of this syndrome is important because of its implications for the underlying etiology and prognosis. The appearance of this syndrome should prompt the search for an occult malignancy.
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PMID:The movement disorder of adult opsoclonus. 788 52

There are three different neurological complications of measles infections in the brain: acute postinfectious encephalitis, acute progressive infectious encephalitis, and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. The diagnosis of measles encephalitis (ME) is established when supported by the clinical picture, mainly of juvenile onset, and confirmed by the presence of cerebrospinal measles antibodies. Although ME is clinically characterized by progressive behavioral and mental deterioration associated with myoclonus, prior reports have suggested that adult-onset may have atypical features. We describe a 28 year-old immunocompetent man, admitted into the hospital due to a rapid motor and cognitive decline after an episode of fever and gastroenteritis. His neurological examination was significant for cognitive impairment, cervical dystonia, spontaneous and action induced myoclonus, choreiform movements, parkinsonism and ataxic gait. He was diagnosed of acute postinfectious ME based on the presence of elevated intrathecal synthesis of measles antibodies in his CSF, and a lymphocytic infiltrate of perivascular distribution without viral inclusions, with PCR negative for measles from brain biopsy. The patient continued to deteriorate to an akinetic mutism state, dying a few weeks later. Adult-onset ME is an entity rarely seen in the Western world. Although myoclonus is the most common movement disorder related to juvenile-onset ME, ataxia and other dyskinesias such as chorea, dystonia, and parkinsonism, can result from this infection when presenting in adult life.
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PMID:[Movement disorders in adult-onset measles encephalitis]. 1259 Mar 79