Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027066 (myoclonus)
 4,275 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical features and course of 14 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) were analysed. PSP formed 2.3 percent of the parkinsonian population. Blepharospasm, hypersomnia, athetosis, action dystonia, action myoclonus and family history of dementia were the unusual features. Half of the patients had dementia at presentation. Drug therapy was uniformly disappointing. The mean duration from onset to death in 4 patients who died was 4.5 years. The histopathological features in a patient with the disease for one year and who died of acute myocardial infarction showed moderately severe changes characteristic of the disease.
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PMID:Progressive supranuclear palsy. Report of 14 cases with special reference to unusual features. 193 53

Male Sprague-Dawley rats developed posthypoxic myoclonus following 10-min cardiac arrest and resuscitation. In current studies, roles of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), non-NMDA (a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate, AMPA, and kainate), and metabotropic glutamate receptors in the pathophysiology of posthypoxic myoclonus were investigated. Treatments with the competitive or noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, D(-)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (D[-]-AP-5) (ED50: 12.5 mg/kg, i.p.) or MK-801 maleate (ED50: 0.034 mg/kg, i.p.), and competitive or noncompetitive non-NMDA (AMPA/kainate) receptor antagonist, 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX) (ED50: 9.25 nM/5 microliters, i.c.v.) or 1-(4-ami -nophenyl)-4-methyl-7,8-methylenedioxy -5H-2,3-benzodiazepine hydrochloride (GYKI 52466) (ED50: 0.67 mg/kg, IP), significantly decreased myoclonus episodes in rats. On the other hand, treatment with the metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist, L(+)-2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid (L[+]-AP-3) (50 or 500 nM/5 microliters, i.c.v., exerted no significant effect on myoclonus scores in posthypoxic rats. These results indicate that activation of NMDA and non-NMDA receptors receptors may mediate posthypoxic myoclonus in rats, whereas, involvement of metabotropic glutamate receptors needs to be studied further.
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PMID:Effects of glutamate receptor antagonists on posthypoxic myoclonus in rats. 873 76

Posthypoxic myoclonus (Lance-Adams' syndrome) is a rare complication of cardiorespiratory arrest. It has a better prognosis than other movement disorders secondary to brain ischaemia. We report a case of posthypoxic myoclonus in a 66-year-old woman after acute myocardial infarction and cardiopulmonary arrest. She had action and intention myoclonus, and these movements were also initiated by acoustic and pain stimuli. The origin of the myoclonus was probably subcortical, and it improved with clonazepam 2 mg t.i.d. We emphasize that early diagnosis is necessary in intensive care units in order to avoid misinterpretation of this syndrome and to start appropriate treatment.
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PMID:Posthypoxic myoclonus in intensive care. 942 52