Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027066 (myoclonus)
 4,275 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Isolated angitis of the central nervous system (IACNS) is rare condition with inflammation limited to vessels supplying the brain. This IACNS has been a poorly characterized and infrequently reported illness since it was first described as a separate entity in 1959. However, a patient with IACNS has not been reported in Japan. A patient, 39-year old-male, with IACNS limited to small and middle vessels is described. Recurrent, transient consciousness disturbances, focal myoclonus, papilloedema and temporal lobe epilepsy were observed during disease course. CSF finding of this patient showed lymphocytosis with marked increased protein. Carotid and vertebral angiogram showed irregular luminal outline in branches of all arteries. The most specific finding is that of alternating areas of focal stenosis and ectasia giving a "sausage" pattern. These characteristic findings showed in the branch of external carotid arteries. There was no evidence of systemic vasculitis by systemic angiography. Biopsy of temporal artery showed lymphocyte infiltration, fibrinoid necrosis without giant cell and granuloma. Formation of A-V malformation in the branch of external carotid artery was also observed. This histopathological finding was compatible with necrotizing angitis, not granulomatous angitis. Isolated angitis of the central nervous system was diagnosed. In spite of his administration of corticosteroid, cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities has not responded markedly. Abnormal findings of carotid and vertebral angiogram also has not changed. After 7 years from his onset, his neurologic signs and symptoms were well controlled with administration of anti-epileptic drugs.
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PMID:[Isolated angitis of the central nervous system--case report and review]. 261 98

Opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome (OMAS) is a very infrequent paraneoplastic or postinfectious movement disorder, which may occur at any age, most commonly between 6 and 36 months of age. In four days, a previously healthy 30-month-old girl progressively developed gait instability, intention tremor, dysarthric speech, irritability and altered sleep. Physical and neurological examination did not reveal additional deficits. She had had a transient exanthema without fever three weeks before. Basic blood analysis, serologies, cultures, urine toxin detection, EEG and cerebral CT were normal. Lumbar puncture showed minimal lymphocytosis. On the fifth day following the onset of symptoms, the ataxia worsened, precluding sitting, and the tremor was aggravated by intentional myoclonus. Chaotic saccadic, large amplitude multidirectional but conjugated eye movements appeared. An opsoclonus was suspected and a chest X-ray and CT revealed a paravertebral thoracic mass. Surgery confirmed a localized ganglioneuroblastoma. Blood neuron-specific enolase and urine catecholamine levels were normal. Opsoclonus disappeared with high doses of prednisone and following surgery. Ataxia improved but the patient still required low daily doses of steroids for one year.
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PMID:[Paraneoplastic opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome]. 1943 May 15

A wide range of neurological signs and symptoms have been associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the present report, we described two Italian patients diagnosed with diaphragmatic myoclonus after COVID-19. In both cases, mild lymphocytosis at cerebrospinal fluid analysis and no structural brain changes were reported. The pathophysiological origin of the myoclonus in the two cases was different. In case 1, electroencephalogram did not reveal any cortical correlates and brain imaging of the spine was unremarkable, while in case 2, cortical origin of myoclonus was demonstrated. With the present two cases, we confirm and extend the neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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PMID:Diaphragmatic myoclonus due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. 3309 Mar 3