Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026986 (myelodysplastic syndrome)
 14,926 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In an attempt to identify novel diagnostic markers for mast cell (MC)-proliferative disorders, serial bone marrow (bm) sections of 22 patients with mastocytosis (systemic indolent mastocytosis, n = 19; mast cell leukemia [MCL], n = 1; isolated bm mastocytosis, n = 2) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against CD2, CD15, CD29, CD30, CD31, CD34, CD45, CD51, CD56, CD68R, CD117, HLA-DR, bcl-2, bcl-x(L), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and tryptase. Staining results revealed expression of bcl-x(L), CD68R, and tryptase in neoplastic MCs (focal dense infiltrates) in all patients. Mastocytosis infiltrates were also immunoreactive for CD45, CD117 (Kit), and HLA-DR. In most cases, the CD2 antibody produced reactivity with bm MCs in mastocytosis, whereas in control cases (reactive bm, immunocytoma, myelodysplastic syndrome), MCs were consistently CD2 negative. Expression of bcl-2 was detectable in a subset of MCs in the patient with MCL, whereas no reactivity was seen in patients with SIM or bm mastocytosis. Mastocytosis infiltrates did not react with antibodies against CD15, CD30, CD31, CD34, or MPO. In summary, our data confirm the diagnostic value of staining for tryptase, Kit, and CD68R in mastocytosis. Apart from these, CD2 may be a novel useful marker because MCs in mastocytosis frequently express this antigen, whereas MCs in other pathologic conditions are CD2 negative.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical properties of bone marrow mast cells in systemic mastocytosis: evidence for expression of CD2, CD117/Kit, and bcl-x(L). 1138 74

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been defined as primitive, undifferentiated cells, capable of self-renewal and with the ability to give rise to different cell lineages, including adipocytes, osteocytes, fibroblasts, chondrocytes, and myoblasts. MSC are key components of the hematopoietic microenvironment. Several studies, including some from our own group, suggest that important quantitative and functional alterations are present in the stroma of patients with myelodysplasia (MDS). However, in most of such studies the stroma has been analyzed as a complex network of different cell types and molecules, thus it has been difficult to identify and characterize the cell(s) type(s) that is (are) altered in MDS. In the present study, we have focused on the biological characterization of MSC from MDS. As a first approach, we have quantified their numbers in bone marrow, and have worked on their phenotypic (morphology and immunophenotype) and cytogenetic properties. MSC were obtained by a negative selection procedure and cultured in a MSC liquid culture medium. In terms of morphology, as well as the expression of certain cell markers, no differences were observed between MSC from MDS patients and those derived from normal marrow. In both cases, MSC expressed CD29, CD90, CD105 and Prolyl-4-hydroxylase; in contrast, they did not express CD14, CD34, CD68, or alkaline phosphatase. Interestingly, in five out of nine MDS patients, MSC developed in culture showed cytogenetic abnormalities, usually involving the loss of chromosomal material. All those five cases also showed cytogenetic abnormalities in their hematopoietic cells. Interestingly, in some cases there was a complete lack of overlap between the karyotypes of hematopoietic cells and MSC. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first in which a pure population of MSC from MDS patients is analyzed in terms of their whole karyotype and demonstrates that in a significant proportion of patients, MSC are cytogenetically abnormal. Although the reason of this is still unclear, such alterations may have an impact on the physiology of these cells. Further studies are needed to assess the functional integrity of MDS-derived MSC.
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PMID:Mesenchymal stem cells in myelodysplastic syndromes: phenotypic and cytogenetic characterization. 1560 71

This study was aimed to investigate the cytogenetic characteristics of hematopoietic cells (HC) and bone marrow mesenchymal stoma cells (BMMSC) isolated from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and healthy individuals as normal controls, and to clarify whether HC and BMMSC are simultaneously involved and participate in pathogenesis and development of MDS. Both marrows of 22 newly diagnosed patients with MDS and 7 healthy individuals were collected; BMMSC were isolated and amplified by using established culture system, as well as were identified according to morphologic features and surface antigens detected by flow cytometry; the characteristics of BMMSC from MDS patients were analyzed; the BMMSC karyotyping analysis of MDS patients was performed by banding of HC and BMMSC with pancreatin-Giemsa technique (GTG) and in accordance with ISCN (2005) requirements; the cytogenetic characteristics of HC and BMMSC were compared. The results showed that in vitro culture system for isolation and amplification was successfully established. The light microscopy and flow cytometry confirmed that BMMSC possessed characteristics showing long and thin spindle form and expressing CD29, CD73, CD90 antigens, and unexpressing CD34, CD45 antigens. In BMMSC of 14 MDS patients (64%), the cytogenetic abnormalities were found usually involving the loss of chromosomal material (92%), among which clonal loss was observed in 7 cases (50%). The detection indicated a random loss of chromosomal material in significant proportion of BMMSC. A high proportion of chromosomal material random loss may be a marker of chromosomal instability in BMMSC of MDS patients, the detection also showed that completely consistent aberration types did not exist between HC and BMMSC. The aberrations were observed in 3 cases of MDS with normal karyotype of HC, its aberration rate (33%) was obviously lower than that in MDS patients with abnormal karyotypes (92%). It is concluded that the cytogenetic abnormalities exist in BMMSC of MDS patients, the unbalanced aberration of chromosomal materials may be a genetic instability marker of BMMSC. The difference of aberration types in BMMSC from HC suggests that genetic susceptibility of BMMSC and HC is similar, but no completely identical, which indicates the potential involvement of BMMSC in pathogenesis of MDS. Studying this potential role of BMMSC can be helpful to further understanding of MDS biological characteristics and provide the new approaches for diagnosis and therapy of MDS.
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PMID:[Cytogenetic abnormalities in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome]. 2151 91

The contribution of the bone marrow microenvironment in myelodysplastic syndrome is controversial. We therefore analyzed the functional properties of primary mesenchymal stromal cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome in the presence or absence of lenalidomide. Compared to healthy controls, clonality and growth were reduced across all disease stages. Furthermore, differentiation defects and particular expression of adhesion and cell surface molecules (e.g. CD166, CD29, CD146) were detected. Interestingly, the levels of stromal derived factor 1-alpha in patients' cells culture supernatants were almost 2-fold lower (P<0.01) than those in controls and this was paralleled by a reduced induction of migration of CD34(+) hematopoietic cells. Co-cultures of mesenchymal stromal cells from patients with CD34(+) cells from healthy donors resulted in reduced numbers of cobblestone area-forming cells and fewer colony-forming units. Exposure of stromal cells from patients and controls to lenalidomide led to a further reduction of stromal derived factor 1-alpha secretion and cobblestone area formation, respectively. Moreover, lenalidomide pretreatment of mesenchymal stromal cells from patients with low but not high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome was able to rescue impaired erythroid and myeloid colony formation of early hematopoietic progenitors. In conclusion, our analyses support the notion that the stromal microenvironment is involved in the pathophysiology of myelodysplastic syndrome thus representing a potential target for therapeutic interventions.
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PMID:Mesenchymal stromal cells from patients with myelodyplastic syndrome display distinct functional alterations that are modulated by lenalidomide. 2371 61

There is a paucity of species-specific antibodies available for feline haematopoietic conditions. The purpose of this study was to broaden the panel of antibodies available for use in the immunophenotypic characterisation of feline haematopoietic cells by testing clones of anti-human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) on normal, neoplastic and cultured feline haematopoietic progenitors to determine cross-reactivity to feline counterparts. In this study, 24 clones of anti-human mAbs were tested on normal or neoplastic feline bone marrow and peripheral blood cells. Six of these mAbs, including anti-cluster of differentiation (CD)61, anti-CD18, anti-CD14, anti-CD235a, anti-CD41 and anti-CD29, cross-reacted with normal feline bone marrow cells, whereas anti-CD33 and anti-CD117 cross-reacted with the blast cells in the bone marrow of two cats with myelodysplastic syndrome, and anti-CD71, anti-235a, anti-41 and anti-42 cross-reacted with immature erythroid cells in a cat with erythroleukaemia. In a feline immunodeficiency virus-positive cat, bone marrow cells were labelled with anti-CD33, anti-14 and anti-45. Anti-CD18, anti-CD14, anti-CD41 and anti-CD61 also reacted with the peripheral blood cells of the healthy cats. The feline haematopoietic progenitors formed colonies in the methylcellulose-based semisolid medium with significant enrichment of colony-forming unit-granulocyte, monocyte and burst-forming unit-erythroid. A panel of six anti-feline mAbs (anti-CD21-like, anti-T lymphocytes, anti-CD172a, anti-granulocyte, anti-CD45-like and anti-CD18) and eight anti-human antibodies (anti-CD71, anti-CD33, anti-CD235a, anti-CD41, anti-CD61, anti-CD117, anti-CD38 and anti-CD34) were used for the immunophenotypic characterisation of the feline bone marrow progenitors. CD45, CD33, CD235a and CD18 were expressed by the feline haematopoietic progenitor cells, with the highest expression level for CD45.
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PMID:Flow cytometric immunophenotyping of feline bone marrow cells and haematopoietic progenitor cells using anti-human antibodies. 2406 8