Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026986 (myelodysplastic syndrome)
 14,926 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the extracorporeal adsorption system, MDS (Microspheres based Detoxification System), micro-adsorbent particles measuring 1-25 micrometers circulate in a filtrate circuit for highly specific blood purification/adsorption. The MDS circuit containing the adsorbent microparticles is linked to the patient's blood line by a hollow fiber plasma filter. When the transmembrane pressure or the shear forces due to the red blood cells in the hollow fiber filter are too high, they can be damaged and hemoglobin will be released. In order to detect free hemoglobin (fHb) by optical means, we have designed a new flow-dynamic filter system, placed in the microadsorbent circuit for continuous separation of microparticles from the filtrate. In the flow dynamic filter, we use a high velocity liquid vortex to remove sedimentation and particle plugs on the filter membrane. In our investigations, 3 and 8 micron cellulose nitrate filter membranes for particle separation are used. The obtained particle free bypass filtrate flow rates are typically 0.5 and 0.8 ml/min respectively. The typical sensitivity for fHb detection by the applied noninvasive optical method is 0.15 g/dL. Medical safety regulations require a fail-safe mechanism for fHb detection which monitors the bypass filtrate flow in the flowdynamic filter and shuts down the system in case of membrane occlusion. The bypass filtrate flow is monitored by periodically occluding and releasing the bypass line by means of a clamp. The resulting back pressure profile gives information about the actual filtration rate. This safety principle was proven by statistical analysis and shows its clear functionality.
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PMID:New methods for hemoglobin detection in a microparticle-plasma suspension. 1716 Sep 67

The role of oxidative stress in the initiation and progression of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) as a consequence of iron overload remains unclear. In this study we have simultaneously quantified plasma low-molecular-weight aminothiols, malondialdehyde, nitrite, and nitrate and have studied their correlation with serum iron/ferritin levels, patient treatment (chelation therapy), and clinical outcomes. We found significantly elevated plasma levels of total, oxidized, and reduced forms of cysteine (P < 0.001), homocysteine (P < 0.001), and cysteinylglycine (P < 0.006) and significantly depressed levels of total and oxidized forms of glutathione (P < 0.03) and nitrite (P < 0.001) in MDS patients compared to healthy donors. Moreover, total (P < 0.032) and oxidized cysteinylglycine (P = 0.029) and nitrite (P = 0.021) differed significantly between the analyzed MDS subgroups with different clinical classifications. Malondialdehyde levels in plasma correlated moderately with both serum ferritin levels (r = 0.78, P = 0.001) and serum free iron levels (r = 0.60, P = 0.001) and were significantly higher in patients with iron overload. The other analyzed compounds lacked correlation with iron overload (represented by serum iron/ferritin levels). For the first time our results have revealed significant differences in the concentrations of plasma aminothiols in MDS patients, when compared to healthy donors. We found no correlation of these parameters with iron overload and suggest the role of oxidative stress in the development of MDS disease.
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PMID:Plasma levels of aminothiols, nitrite, nitrate, and malondialdehyde in myelodysplastic syndromes in the context of clinical outcomes and as a consequence of iron overload. 2466 87