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Query: UMLS:C0026986 (myelodysplastic syndrome)
 14,926 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A1 and A alloantigens were visualized on human erythrocytes and normoblasts by immunoelectron microscopy using peroxidase-coupled antibodies. Specimens were obtained from patients with preleukemia and associated antigen weakening, and from individuals with normal antigen values. Cells were fixed by glutaraldehyde and subsequently reacted with antibodies.
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PMID:The cellular distribution of erythrocyte and normoblast A1 and A antigens in normal and preleukemic states. An immunoelectron microscopy study. 100 1

Between 1983-1988 bone marrow samples obtained from 195 peroxidase-negative leukemia patients were analyzed for their surface antigens. Thirteen of these patients (6.7%) had myelomonocytic-positive and lymphoid-negative antigens. These leukemic cells reacted with CD13 in eight patients, CD33 in seven, CD11 in six and CDw41 in two. In none of these patients did the leukemic cells react with CD1, CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD10, CD19 or CD20. Leukemic cells from two patients were reactive with CD7. These leukemic cells demonstrated L2 morphology in 11 patients and L1 morphology in one patient. The leukemic cells from the final patient were diagnosed as those of leukemic transformation of myelodysplastic syndrome. Chromosomal abnormality was observed in approximately half of the patients examined (6/10). Cytochemical analysis revealed that the leukemic cells were negative for periodic acid Schiff stain but positive for acid phosphatase. The prognosis of these patients was markedly poor as compared to acute lymphocytic leukemia or typical peroxidase-positive nonlymphocytic leukemia. Complete remission was induced in only 30% of patients and duration of survival was short (4.7 months). This suggests that myelomonocytic antigen-positive peroxidase-negative acute leukemia is a distinct type of leukemia and may require more aggressive therapy to improve survival.
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PMID:Peroxidase-negative and myelomonocytic antigen-positive acute leukemia. 132 47

A newly established human monocytic cell line, SKM-1, showed strong expression of myeloperoxidase mRNA, to the same extent as in HL-60 cells. We studied the cell morphology and myeloperoxidase expression of this cell line, which was established from a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome who had an abnormal chromosome on the upstream region of 17p13. Electron micrographs showed the cells to have a fragile and irregular cell surface. SKM-1 cells were peroxidase-positive. About 60% of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was released to the culture fluid from SKM-1 cells but only a few percent of MPO was released from HL-60 cells into the culture fluid. The predominant mRNA size of SKM-1 myeloperoxidase was 3.3 kb although there was a smaller size as well. Fluorescent in situ hybridization of MPO mRNA showed strong staining in 5% to 10% of SKM-1 cells and of bone marrow cells from patients with myelogenous leukemia, while all cells from HL-60 were positive.
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PMID:The monocytic cell line SKM-1 strongly expresses the myeloperoxidase gene. 133 56

A 63-year-old man was admitted because of anemia and thrombocytopenia. The bone marrow was hypercellular with 66.6% erythroblasts with dysplasia and 19.8% blasts. Cytogenetically, MAKA (major karyotypic aberrations) containing 5q-, -7, -17, with karyotypic instability was observed. A diagnosis of erythroleukemia (FAB M6) was made. Six months later, immature neutrophils increased in the peripheral blood, and blasts and promyelocytes increased to 25.8% and 20.0% of marrow cells, respectively. Three months later, blasts asts increased to 33.0% in the peripheral blood. They were ultrastructually positive for platelet peroxidase. Phenotypically, 69% and 63% of blasts were positive for CD41b (GPIIb/IIIa) and CD42a (GPIb), respectively. Bone marrow biopsy showed marked proliferation of blasts and dysplastic megakaryocytes accompanied by reticulin fibrosis. These findings suggested evolution to megakaryoblastic leukemia (FAB M7). In most cases, M6 defined by the FAB criteria is stem cell disorder with multilineage involvement and major erythroid component. M6-like features may be observed in the evolutive phase to acute leukemia from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).
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PMID:[Evolution to megakaryoblastic leukemia observed in myelodysplastic syndrome with erythrolekemia-like features]. 140 64

To determine the usefulness of the H1 system, we applied it to 14 patients with acute leukemia and 19 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We revealed interesting cytogram patterns in several patients with acute leukemia, ALL (L2), ALL (L3), and AML (M7). In the basophil and lobularity cytogram, their blast cells were clustered mainly in the blast box. However, a small cluster appeared in the basophil area and was expressed as pseudo-basophilia of 4.4%, 9.6%, and 21%, respectively. We speculated that not only normal basophils but also some type of leukemic blasts could be resistant to rupture of the cell membrane induced by a surfuctant at a low pH. Characteristics of H1 cytogram and histogram pattern have hardly been reported in patients with MDS. From the analysis of H1 pattern of 19 cases, we found that the (1) the values of RDW and HDW were high in comparison to those for aplastic anemia and normal controls and (2) the MPXI (mean peroxidase activity index) was significantly low at the time of diagnosis. MPXI had declined at the terminal stage in cases of death with bone marrow failure. These characteristics were concluded to be useful in clinicopathological diagnosis using the H1 automatic hematological system.
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PMID:[The clinicopathological evaluation of automated cytochemical hematology system (Technicon H1) in patients with leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome]. 151 30

Erythroleukemia is a heterogeneous disorder that can have an excess of myeloblasts or proerythroblasts in the setting of dyserythropoiesis. The French-American-British classification, established in 1976 and subsequently revised, allows only for the diagnosis of erythroleukemias whose immature elements are predominated by myeloid blasts, previously described as DiGuglielmo's syndrome. However, there is another form of erythroleukemia, in which the predominant immature elements are proerythroblasts, called DiGuglielmo's disease. To clarify this issue, 23 cases of erythroleukemia were reviewed and classified: 10 with a myeloblast predominance and 13 with a proerythroblastic predominance. These two forms of erythroleukemia can be distinguished on the basis of quantitative and qualitative morphologic features. When there were 30% or more proerythroblasts, calculated by dividing the total erythroid component into the proerythroblasts, there were few to no myeloblasts, no Auer rods, and increased cytoplasmic vacuoles; and myeloperoxidase staining was negative. The malignant proerythroblasts had increased block and blush periodic acid-Schiff positivity. The most frequent chromosomal abnormalities involved chromosomes 5 and 7. The patients with DiGuglielmo's disease had a median survival time of 2 months (range, 0.06 to 9 months), compared to a median of 16 months (range, 2 to 48 months), in patients with DiGuglielmo's syndrome. The erythroleukemia with the preponderance of proerythroblasts had a worse prognosis because many of the individuals did not survive long enough to respond to the therapy initiated. Erythroleukemia with 30% or more proerythroblasts should be included in the French-American-British classification because it behaves clinically and appears morphologically as an acute leukemia rather than a myelodysplastic syndrome.
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PMID:The prognostic significance of proerythroblasts in acute erythroleukemia. 161 23

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) combined with monoclonal gammopathy or multiple myeloma has rarely been reported. In this article, two siblings, a brother and his sister who showed simultaneous occurrence of MDS and monoclonal gammopathy are reported. The first case, a 73-year-old male, was admitted to our hospital in November, 1987. Analysis of peripheral blood revealed pancytopenia without blast cells. Bone marrow was hypocellular with 14.9% of myeloblasts and 2.8% of plasma cells characterized by 2 to 4 nuclei. Serum IgA level was 635 mg/dl and serum immunoelectrophoresis revealed a monoclonal IgA lambda band. The second case, a 70-year-old female, younger sister of the first case, was admitted to our hospital in January, 1988. Bone marrow was normocellular with 23% of peroxidase-negative myeloblasts and 12.8% of atypical plasma cells. Serum IgG level was 1,901 mg/dl with monoclonal IgG kappa band. Hematological findings have remained unchanged for 12 months. The first case was regarded as hypoplastic MDS with monoclonal gammopathy and the second case was MDS with smoldering myeloma. These cases were very similar with in respect to age, time of onset, clinical course, hematological findings and especially, association with M-protein. There are no reports concerning the familial incidence of MDS with M-protein. These findings supported the hypothesis that an initial event selects a clone of stem cells which retain the capability to differentiate into mature myeloid and lymphoid cells, in these cases B-cells.
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PMID:[Familial occurrence of myelodysplastic syndrome concomitant with monoclonal gammapathy]. 163 65

A patient with acute myelomegakaryocytic leukemia (AMMgL), which developed from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after chemotherapy against complicated small cell lung cancer, is reported. The patient was a 66 year-old male, who first presented with moderate macrocytic anemia. Bone marrow aspiration showed absolute erythroid hypoplasia and morphological abnormalities were found in erythroid, granuloid and megakaryocytic lineage cells. Iron utilization studies using radioisotope showed ineffective hematopoiesis. He was diagnosed as having MDS (refractory anemia) and treated with prednisolone, fluoxymesterone, and transfusions. After 3 years, small cell lung cancer was found, but he achieved complete remission with chemotherapy. Since then, pancytopenia progressed with myelofibrosis. Abnormal blasts were found in peripheral blood and gradually increased. He finally died from a blastic crisis resulting in gastric bleeding. The blasts were peroxidase negative, platelet peroxidase positive (10%), and glycoprotein II b/III a antibody positive, indicating megakaryoblasts.
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PMID:[Acute myelomegakaryocytic leukemia developed from myelodysplastic syndrome after chemotherapy against complicated small cell lung cancer]. 164 8

Intracellular contents and serum levels of neutrophilic granule protein components, including myeloperoxidase (MPO), lactoferrin (LF) and lysozyme (LYZ), were investigated in 30 cases of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), with 59 healthy adult donors as controls. Both neutrophilic MPO and LF decreased significantly, suggesting the transformation of abnormal clones. Both serum levels of LF and LYZ exhibited a considerable fluctuation which may reflect reflect granulopoiesis in the bone marrow. We are of the opinion that measurement of intracellular MPO, LF, LYZ and their serum levels may aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of MDS and is proved to be of great clinical significance.
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PMID:[Granule protein contents of polymorphonuclear leucocytes and serum in 30 cases of myelodysplastic syndromes]. 165 Jun 82

Two patients diagnosed of myelodysplastic syndrome with an isochromosome i (17q) as the only chromosomal alteration are presented. The MAC method (i.e., morphology, antibodies, chromosomes) was applied in the study of one of the patients, it being found that all the myeloperoxidase-positive cells carried the i (17q) anomaly. Such finding might suggest that those patients with i (17q) as the only chromosomal alteration could have specific clinical and cytological features.
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PMID:[Isochromosome 17q as the sole alteration in 2 patients with a myelodysplastic syndrome and its relation to myeloperoxidase activity]. 181 87


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