Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026986 (myelodysplastic syndrome)
 14,926 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Myeloid sarcoma (MS), also referred to as chloroma or granulocytic sarcoma, is a rare extramedullary malignant tumor composed of immature myeloid cells. MS usually occurs with acute myelocytic leukemia, myeloproliferative neoplasm, or myelodysplastic syndrome or as a recurrence of acute myelocytic leukemia; however, MS may occasionally present as isolated, without current or previous peripheral blood or bone marrow involvement. Oral and maxillofacial MS, especially isolated, is extremely rare, and the clinical manifestations are diverse and usually nonspecific. Here, we report a rare case of isolated nonleukemic MS involving the gingivae, the mucosa of the left maxillary edentulous region, and the adjacent hard palate. The pertinent literature was also reviewed to provide additional clarification on the clinicopathologic characteristics, differential diagnosis, treatment regimens, and prognosis of oral and maxillofacial isolated MS.
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PMID:Multifocal occurrence of intraoral isolated MS in a patient without leukemic presentation: A case report and literature review. 2926 57

Myeloid sarcoma (MS), granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma, is defined as a localized extramedullary mass of blasts of granulocytic lineage with or without maturation, occurring outside the bone marrow. MS can be diagnosed concurrently with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The authors report a case of sacral MS occurring as a relapse of myeloid leukemia in a 5-year-old girl who was taken to the emergency department with radiculopathy symptoms.
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PMID:Sacral Myeloid Sarcoma Manifesting as Radiculopathy in a Pediatric Patient: An Unusual Form of Myeloid Leukemia Relapse. 2988 21

Hematological malignancies can manifest as extramedullary soft tissue masses in relatively rare cases. The rarity of it causes a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. One of the rarest manifestations is myeloid sarcoma (MS). MS develops as part of acute myeloid leukemia, myeloproliferative neoplasm, or myelodysplastic syndrome or at relapse, especially following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. The tumor displays high myeloperoxidase expression, hence the color green, and is called chloroma. It most commonly appears in lymph nodes, skin and soft tissues, bone, testes, gastrointestinal tract, and peritoneum. Immunohistochemistry shows CD68-KP1 as the most commonly expressed marker, then myeloperoxidase, CD117, CD99, CD68/PG-M1, lysozyme, CD34, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, CD56, CD61, CD30, glycophorin A, and CD4. Different chromosomal abnormalities including MLL rearrangement, t(8; 21), monosomy 7, trisomy 8, trisomy 11, trisomy 4, inversion (16), monosomy 16,16q deletion, 5q deletion, and 20q deletion were reported. Most of the literature about MS are case reports and small retrospective studies, thus there is limited clinical knowledge of the cases and their presentation and management plans. Here, we provide a review of what has been reported in the literature about MS in the light of our experiences.
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PMID:Myeloid Sarcoma. 3084 Sep 60


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