Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026986 (myelodysplastic syndrome)
 14,926 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty patients with primary myelodysplastic syndromes (16 refractory anemia without or with ringed sideroblasts, 2 refractory anemia with excess blasts, 2 refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation) received 13-cis-retinoic acid at a dosage of 50-100 mg/m2/day for a minimum of 4 weeks. Twelve patients obtained an increase of hemoglobin levels greater than 1 g/dl and 7 showed an associated increase of granulocyte count greater than 50% of baseline values. No significant biochemical signs of dyslipidemia or liver damage were noted. A sustained response was noted only in refractory anemia without or with ringed sideroblasts and normal or hypercellular bone marrow. Five patients are still on therapy from 23 to 82 weeks without transfusion requirement and all have shown an improvement in performance status. We conclude that 13-retinoic acid may only be clinically useful in selected patients since in myelodysplastic syndromes with blast excess the drug does not seem to improve the course of the disease.
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PMID:13-cis-Retinoic acid treatment in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. 313 96

Long-term survivors of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) have increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We retrospectively studied cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in 109 SCT survivors (62 males, 47 females; median age 34 years) five years or more after bone marrow (15) or T cell-depleted peripheral blood (94) SCT for CML (56), acute leukemia (29), MDS (13), and others (11). One death and two cardiovascular events were reported. At five and ten years after SCT, respectively, 44% and 52% had abnormal lipid profiles; 23% of 5-year survivors met the Adult Treatment Panel III threshold for dyslipidemia treatment, which is substantially higher than the age-matched general population. There were significant increases in prevalence of hypertension (p < 0.001), diabetes (p = 0.018), and body mass index (p = 0.044) after SCT compared with baseline. The Framingham general cardiovascular risk score (FGCRS) in males at five years after SCT projected a doubling (median 10.4% vs. 5.4%) in the 10-year risk of cardiovascular events. Females received HRT after SCT, and none had increased FGCRS. Chronic GVHD and C-reactive protein were not associated with CVRF at any time. All CVRFs stabilized between five and ten years after SCT. Thus, SCT survivors have sustained elevations in CVRFs. Males have a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular events in their second and third decade after SCT.
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PMID:Male survivors of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have a long term persisting risk of cardiovascular events. 2414 Oct 92

Dyslipidemia is a common feature in immunosuppressed patients, such as kidney and bone marrow transplantation recipients and patients with breast, prostate or gynecological carcinoma or acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In addition, high levels of oxidatively modified low-density lipoproteins (oxLDLs) are closely associated with carcinogenesis. There are, however, no reports on the association between the serum oxLDL levels and the expression of important immunomodulatory molecules in patients with hematological disorders. In the present study, 39 patients with hematological disorders were stratified into four groups: Two groups with malignancies [chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML)] and two groups without malignancies [myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA)]. Immunomodulatory molecules were monitored in these groups. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results indicated that the plasma oxLDL levels were significantly higher in patients with AML or CML than those in patients with MDS or IDA. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction results revealed that the expression of numerous important immunomodulatory elements, including tumor-related genes, immunological and inflammatory cytokines, defense-responsive genes, genes regulating cell proliferation, adhesion and migration molecules and leukocyte chemotaxis genes, showed considerable variation in patients with hematological disorders, particularly in those with MDS or IDA, as compared with the expression in the healthy volunteers. The present study demonstrated that, in patients with a hematological malignancy (either AML or CML), the activation of numerous immune response-related molecules was inhibited. Thus, an association between hematological malignancies and dyslipidemia, i.e. high levels of oxLDL, is suggested. Further research is necessary to investigate how oxLDL influences cancer progression.
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PMID:High plasma levels of oxidatively modified low-density lipoproteins are associated with the suppressed expression of immunomodulatory molecules in patients with hematological malignancies. 2613 94

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by cytopenia that results in high risks of infection and bleeding. However, there are few reports of cerebral infarction in MDS. We reported a 72-year-old female with MDS who developed acute cerebral infarction. Clinical history of the patient revealed no definite risk factors for stroke except diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia that was well controlled. This case represented the rare occurrence of arterial thrombosis causing acute cerebral infarction in MDS, which may be due to complex chromosomal abnormality and inflammatory processes.
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PMID:Acute Cerebral Infarction as a Rare Thrombotic Event in Myelodysplastic Syndrome: A Case Report. 2811 48