Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026986 (myelodysplastic syndrome)
 14,926 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Data from 60 patients with myelodysplasia are presented. Electromyography of the periurethral striated muscle in conjunction with simultaneous cystometry allows prediction of those patients at risk from urinary tract infection in 100 per cent of the cases. Intermittent self-catheterization is an effective form of therapy for bladder dysfunction in patients with myelodysplasia. An orderly approach to the evaluation and management of bladder dysfunction is outlined.
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PMID:New approach to myelodysplasia. 100 48

The effectiveness of sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ) on severe infections associated with hematological diseases was evaluated in a nation-wide multicenter clinical study. SBT/CPZ (4-6 g/day), a 1:1 combination of SBT and CPZ, was given intravenously to 437 patients with hematological disorders. The underlying diseases included acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndrome and others. Thus, 94.3% of the patients had hematological malignancies. The complicating infections included sepsis in 41 cases; sepsis suspected in 205; pneumonia in 47; urinary tract infection in 15; fever of unknown origin in 59; and others in 70. Clinical efficacies of SBT/CPZ were as follows; markedly effective, 83 cases; effective, 170; fairly effective, 59; and ineffective, 110. The efficacy rate (markedly effective plus effective) was 60.0% as a whole. The efficacy rate of SBT/CPZ in sepsis and suspected cases, which accounted for 56.3% of the infections, was 59%. Mild side effects such as skin rash were observed in 15 patients (3.1%). As for abnormal laboratory test results, transient increases in GOT, GPT, A1-P, LDH, etc. were observed in 42 patients (8.6%). Therefore, SBT/CPZ is considered to be a useful drug in empiric therapy for severe infections associated with hematological diseases.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of sulbactam/cefoperazone for severe infections associated with hematological disorders]. 196 Aug 59

A 77-year-old male, who had been treated with carboquone and busulfan for polycythemia vera (PV), developed myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) 8 years later. On admission the peripheral blood revealed pancytopenia, but blastoid cells were not noted. The bone marrow showed hypercellularity, and functional and morphological abnormalities in trilineages of hemocytes. Cytogenetic study showed complex abnormalities involving chromosomes 5 and 7. We diagnosed this case as secondary MDS to alkylating agents. He was treated with 1, 25 (OH)2 vitamin D3. However, it was not effective and the percentage of myeloblasts increased to 14.4%. In spite of supportive therapy, he died of sepsis due to urinary tract infection.
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PMID:[Polycythemia vera terminating in myelodysplastic syndrome]. 231

A total of 3 renal transplant recipients who were candidates for urinary diversion underwent successful transplantation using a planned program of intermittent clean catheterization. The urinary tract dysfunction was caused by a lower motor neuron neurogenic bladder, prune belly syndrome and myelodysplasia. The patients remain dry between catheterizations and maintain serum creatinine levels of 1.1, 0.8 and 0.5 mg. per cent, respectively, with a followup of 6 to 25 months. There has been only 1 urinary tract infection during 42 patient-months at risk while on self-catheterization. Pre-transplant urologic evaluation and patient education are mandatory. The ideal candidate for intermittent clean catheterization is a patient with a low pressure bladder that fails to empty and who is continent between catheterizations. Intermittent clean catheterization is a safe and effective alternative to diversion in continent transplant recipients with lower urinary tract dysfunction.
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PMID:Intermittent clean catheterization: an alternative to diversion in continent transplant recipients with lower urinary tract dysfunction. 635 11

Early diagnosis and intervention in the child with myelodysplasia can effectively improve and preserve renal function in those newborns presenting with abnormalities at birth or who are at risk for deterioration of renal function from infection, vesicoureteral reflux and/or obstruction. During a 1-year period 10 newborns with myelodysplasia were seen. Hydronephrosis was present in 6, reflux in 3 and urinary tract infection in 3. In each newborn adequate decompression of the bladder and complete resolution of the hydronephrosis were achieved. Uroradiographic evaluation was helpful in determining the best mode of therapy for each individual.
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PMID:Hydronephrosis in the asymptomatic neonate with myelodysplasia. 683 3

We report on a girl with infected perinephric urinoma and myelodysplasia who presented with a febrile urinary tract infection. A complex perinephric fluid collection with internal echoes was found on renal ultrasound, necessitating placement of a percutaneous drainage tube. Initial urodynamic testing after treatment of the infection revealed a noncompliant bladder with an elevated detrusor leak point pressure. Neurovesical dysfunction with elevated leak point pressure is believed to be the cause of urinoma. Clinical presentation, treatment and pathophysiology of this entity are discussed.
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PMID:Perinephric urinoma secondary to neurogenic bladder in myelodysplasia. 781 19

We have studied the clinical effect of lomefloxacin (LFLX) for the documented infections in the patients with hematological disorders, and also analyzed the prophylactic usefulness of LFLX for the prevention of succeeding infection after the chemotherapy. Fifty five patients were entered in the trial, and 51 patients were eligible. Among 51 eligible patients, 40 patients were suffered from accompanied infections, and 11 patients were registered for the prophylaxis of the infection. In the group of documented infection, the ratio of out-patients was 62.5%, and 63.0% in prophylactic usage. In the treatment of the documented infection, LFLX was effective in 20 patients; the efficacy rate was 50.0%. In the prophylactic administration, LFLX was effective in 9 patients, yielded the efficacy rate of 81.8%. LFLX was effective for all 5 patients with urinary tract infection, in 10 out of 18 patients with respiratory tract infection (efficacy rate; 55.6%), in 5 out of 12 patients with fever from undetermined origin (41.7%), showed no effect for cholecystitis, colitis, and phlegmon. Bacteriological examinations revealed that all of the bacteria detected as pathogens were eradicated. The efficacy rate in the group of the malignant disorders such as leukemia/ lymphoma was smaller than that of non-tumorigenic diseases as aplastic anemia. As myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), four infection-bearing patients and five patients with prophylactic usage were analyzed. The efficacy rate of LFLX was 50.0 and 80.0%, respectively, and the overall efficacy rate was 66.7%. All MDS patients without prophylactic administration failed to have infections. Thus, LFLX was thought to be useful in the prevention of succeeding infections after the chemotherapy. No clinical and laboratory adverse reactions were reported.
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PMID:[Clinical efficacy of lomefloxacin for associated infection in patients with hematological diseases]. 907 72

We diagnosed a probable fludarabine-induced secondary MDS approximately 18 months after treatment of a low grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. After diagnosis of a B-cell lymphoma composed of relatively small cells, fludarabine was administered between May and October, 1997, to a 64-year-old female patient. In December 1998, a mild bicytopenia was present with a leukocyte count of 3800/microl and platelets of 142000/microl. The white cell differential count was normal. The hemoglobin level was normal, but MCV was elevated. Bone marrow cytology revealed normal cellularity with dyserythropoiesis and dysmegakaryocytopoiesis. PAS staining showed scattered positivity in early erythroid cells. In 12 of 20 mitoses, the karyotype showed complex rearrangements, described as 46,XX,t(4;11)(q23?24;q13),del(5q),del(7)(q22),+mar[8]/45,-3. A diagnosis of treatment-related MDS was made. While there was no evidence of bone marrow infiltration by the lymphoma, CT scans demonstrated paraaortic lymph nodes up to 10 cm in diameter. After one course of CHOP chemotherapy, prolonged bone marrow aplasia and septic complications occurred. Chemotherapy was abandoned and Rituximab was administered. In July and November, 1999, bilateral pneumonia and urinary tract infection, respectively, were treated with antibiotics. NHL was in complete remission, but peripheral blood counts deteriorated markedly, and transfusions of packed red cells had to be started in November, 1999. The suspicion of leukemic transformation could not be confirmed because the patient declined further bone marrow biopsies. In December, 1999, the patient died from pneumonia.
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PMID:Secondary myelodysplastic syndrome after fludarabine therapy of a low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 1113 66

A great deal of methods were used to evaluate the urinary tract in patients with myelodysplasia; however, the authors failed to find an informative and easy-to-use diagnostic approach. In the authors' opinion, a simple, available, non-invasive, and safe screening that includes ultrasonography of the bladder and kidneys before and after attempted urination, visualization of urination, squeezing-out test, and general urinalysis should form a basis for diagnosis. The pattern of urination, enuresis, urinary tract infection, obstructive uropathies, the volume of residual urine, the thickness of the detrusor urinae are the basic parameters identified at primary diagnosis. The presence of residual urine serves as a basis for further examination, involving cystography and urodynamic study occasionally supplemented by excretory urography and other techniques.
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PMID:[Urological complications in children with myelodysplasia]. 1118 29

The pathophysiology of the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) involves disturbed regulation of angiogenesis, apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation as well as immune surveillance. Increasing data suggest that sirolimus might affect these pathways positively, thus being of possible therapeutic benefit in patients with this disease. Nineteen patients (n = 19) with a median age of 72 years (range 54-80 years) diagnosed with MDS received sirolimus orally with a target blood concentration of 3-12 ng/ml. Sirolimus was administered for a median of 3.7 months (range 0.3-11 months). Three patients [1 x refractory anaemia with excess blasts (RAEB)-2, 1 x RAEB-1, 1 x refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia] showed either a major (1 x platelet, 1 x neutrophil) or a minor (1 x erythroid, 2 x platelet) haematological response according to International Working Group criteria. Major side-effects were hyperlipidaemia (n = 4), stomatitis (n = 3), thrombocytopenia (n = 2) and urinary tract infection (n = 1). These data suggest that sirolimus has activity in a subset of patients with more advanced MDS.
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PMID:Activity of sirolimus in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome--results of a pilot study. 1572 83


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