Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026986 (myelodysplastic syndrome)
 14,926 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between 1983-1988 bone marrow samples obtained from 195 peroxidase-negative leukemia patients were analyzed for their surface antigens. Thirteen of these patients (6.7%) had myelomonocytic-positive and lymphoid-negative antigens. These leukemic cells reacted with CD13 in eight patients, CD33 in seven, CD11 in six and CDw41 in two. In none of these patients did the leukemic cells react with CD1, CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD10, CD19 or CD20. Leukemic cells from two patients were reactive with CD7. These leukemic cells demonstrated L2 morphology in 11 patients and L1 morphology in one patient. The leukemic cells from the final patient were diagnosed as those of leukemic transformation of myelodysplastic syndrome. Chromosomal abnormality was observed in approximately half of the patients examined (6/10). Cytochemical analysis revealed that the leukemic cells were negative for periodic acid Schiff stain but positive for acid phosphatase. The prognosis of these patients was markedly poor as compared to acute lymphocytic leukemia or typical peroxidase-positive nonlymphocytic leukemia. Complete remission was induced in only 30% of patients and duration of survival was short (4.7 months). This suggests that myelomonocytic antigen-positive peroxidase-negative acute leukemia is a distinct type of leukemia and may require more aggressive therapy to improve survival.
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PMID:Peroxidase-negative and myelomonocytic antigen-positive acute leukemia. 132 47

Cytogenetic studies were performed in 69 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes classified according to the FAB proposals. Overall incidence of chromosomal anomalies was 48% with 5q-, +8, 12p-,-7/7q- being the aberrations most often found. The 12p- chromosome showed a close correlation with a prior exposure to mutagenic agents and CMML. Although there were no group-specific cytogenetic anomalies, FAB classification strongly influenced their incidence. They were lower (36%) in RA/RA-S than in RAEB/RAEB-T/CMML (53%). Chromosomal anomalies were significantly more often found in patients with a prior exposure to carcinogenic agents (80%) than in unexposed patients (33%). The presence of chromosomal anomalies did not predict a higher risk of leukemic transformation.
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PMID:Cytogenetic studies in 69 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). 359 11

Chromosomal anomalies involving region 3q21q26 have been reported associated with thrombocytosis in various hematological malignancies, such as chronic myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Recent reports described the association of central diabetes insipidus with AML and chromosomal anomalies involving region 3q21q26. We review the database in our institution and report five cases of inv(3)(q21q26) in consecutive cytogenetic studies of AML and myelodysplastic syndromes from 1992 to 2000, two cases presented as sole abnormalities and three cases were associated with monosomy 7. Only one case was associated with central diabetes insipidus. The literature of 3q21q26 syndrome and central diabetes insipidus in myeloid leukemia is reviewed.
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PMID:Central diabetes insipidus and inv(3)(q21q26) and monosomy 7 in acute myeloid leukemia. 1216 57

Cytogenetics is a critical independent prognostic factor in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Conventional cytogenetics (CC) and Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) Panel Testing are extensively used for the prognostic stratification of MDS, although the FISH test is not yet a bona fide component of the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS). The present study compares the utility of CC and FISH to detect chromosomal anomalies and in prognostic categorization. GTG-Banding and FISH Panel Testing specifically for -5/-5q, -7/-7q, +8 and -20q was performed on whole blood or bone marrow samples from 136 patients with MDS. Chromosomal anomalies were found in 40 cases by CC, including three novel translocations. FISH identified at least one anomaly in 54/136 (39.7%) cases. More than one anomaly was found in 18/54 (33.3%) cases, therefore, overall FISH identified 75 anomalies of which 32 (42.6%) were undetected by CC. FISH provided additional information in cases with CC failure and in cases with a normal karyotype. Further, in ten cases with an abnormal karyotype, FISH could identify additional anomalies, increasing the number of abnormalities per patient. Although CC is the gold standard in the cytogenetic profiling of MDS, FISH has proven to be an asset in identifying additional abnormalities. The number of anomalies per patient can predict the prognosis in MDS and hence, FISH contributed towards prognostic re-categorization. The FISH Panel testing should be used as an adjunct to CC, irrespective of the adequacy of the number of metaphases in CC, as it improves the prognostic classification of MDS.
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PMID:Prognostic classification of MDS is improved by the inclusion of FISH panel testing with conventional cytogenetics. 2902 86