Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026936 (Mycoplasma)
 14,761 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was prospectively performed with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 51 patients whose CSF was available for analysis and was submitted for viral culture and/or herpes simplex virus (HSV) serology and 20 patients whose CSF was submitted exclusively to the Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory. Primers were used that flanked a 92 bp segment of the HSV DNA polymerase gene (35 cycles). Amplified products were electrophoresed on agarose gel, blotted onto nylon membrane, and probed with a 32P-labelled sequence internal to the primers. For nested PCR, 1 microliter of PCR product was amplified for an additional 35 cycles before electrophoresis and Southern blot analysis. Review of the clinical records revealed that 15 patients had central nervous system (CNS) infections. Specific HSV DNA sequences were detected in CSF specimens of three of the individuals [PCR(2), nested PCR(1)]. Two of these patients had disseminated HSV infection including encephalitis and one patient had aseptic meningitis. The diagnoses of the 12 patients with CNS infection who did not have HSV DNA detected in CSF included encephalitis [varicella-zoster virus (1), cytomegalovirus (1), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (1)], meningitis [Neisseria meningitidis (1), Coccidioides immitis (1), Enterovirus (1), aseptic meningitis (1)], varicella-zoster radiculitis (2), human immunodeficiency virus dementia (2), and transverse myelitis due to Epstein-Barr virus (1). Importantly, HSV DNA was also not detected in the CSF of the 36 patients who did not have CNS infection and 20 samples submitted exclusively to the Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory. Our findings demonstrate the utility of PCR as a rapid, non-invasive method for the routine laboratory diagnosis of CNS infection due to HSV.
 ...
PMID:A prospective study of the polymerase chain reaction for detection of herpes simplex virus in cerebrospinal fluid submitted to the clinical virology laboratory. 133 47

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect Mycoplasma (M) pneumoniae DNA in simulated clinical samples. Throat swabs were mixed with known amounts of broth-grown M. pneumoniae cells. An estimated detection limit of less than 40 colony forming units (cfu) was obtained without the need for time-consuming hybridization. The PCR is completed in one day and may be useful for the early detection of M. pneumoniae in clinical samples.
 ...
PMID:Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in simulated clinical samples by polymerase chain reaction. Brief report. 251 5

A workshop in which 17 practicing scientists participated was intended to address primarily people who use or could use biotechnology in their work and was confined to five techniques. Endonuclease fingerprinting and mapping involved cleaving nucleic acid with a specific restriction enzyme and separating the nucleic acid fragments by electrophoresis. Field and vaccine isolates of Pasteurella multocida could be distinguished; Salmonella enteritidis could be divided into three groups; chlamydia could be grouped into seven groups; and vaccinia, quail pox, and fowl pox could be clearly distinguished. Preparation of nucleic acid probes involved producing large amounts of labeled oligonucleotides, usually of unknown sequence. Successful probes had been made for infectious bursal disease virus, avian influenza virus, Newcastle disease virus, and infectious bronchitis virus. In Southern, Northern, and dot blotting, either DNA or RNA fragments were placed on or transferred to a solid substrate and probed. The procedure was able to detect infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, and Marek's disease virus. In situ hybridization involved applying a labeled probe to frozen or fixed sections or to intact cells. In Polymerase chain reaction, two primers, some distance apart, were annealed to a denatured target DNA. Repeated cycles of DNA synthesis with a thermostable polymerase, denaturing, and reannealing resulted in great amplification of a rare sequence. After 30 cycles, a rare gene sequence could be amplified more than 10(6) times. It was used successfully to detect minute quantities of influenza virus and infectious bursal disease virus, and the process was used to facilitate DNA sequencing of coccidiosis gene segments.
 ...
PMID:Practical application of nucleic acid techniques to avian disease problems. 255 97

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers directed against the 16S-rRNA gene of Mycoplasma pneumoniae was used to diagnose M. pneumoniae infections, and the results were compared with those of culture and serology methods. Eighty (22%) of 363 throat swab samples from patients with acute respiratory complaints gave positive results by using the PCR method. Sixty-seven (18.5%) of the samples were positive in culture method. Of 35 samples which were unreliable culture results due to contamination with other bacteria, 13 gave positive results in the PCR method. Of the 97 cases obtained throat swabs and paired sera, 28 (28.9%) showed positive results by the PCR assay, and 29 (29.9%) by serology method (particle agglutination test). The positive rate was increased to 36% by using both the PCR and the serology methods. From these results it was concluded that the PCR method is useful for laboratory diagnosis of M. pneumoniae infections.
 ...
PMID:[Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae from throat swab by polymerase chain reaction]. 761 17

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis were used to detect and differentiate four pathogenic species (Mycoplasma gallisepticum, M. iowae, M. meleagridis, and M. synoviae) and ten nonpathogenic species of avian mycoplasma. A sequence of 1026 base pairs within the gene for 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) from avian mycoplasmas was successfully amplified by PCR with oligonucleotide primers (M16SPCR5' and M16SPCR3') common to all avian mycoplasmas tested. Restriction endonucleases (REs) with unique restriction sites, selected by computer-assisted analysis of known sequences of the amplified segment of avian mycoplasma, were then used to digest the PCR products. After electrophoresis of the resulting RE fragments, the RFLP patterns were compared. Combinations of up to six REs (HpaI, HhaI, HaeIII, HphI, FokI, and NlaIV) produced unique RFLP patterns by which the 14 species of avian mycoplasmas could be differentiated. The newly classified avian species M. imitans was also investigated by this method; M. imitans and M. gallisepticum gave identical RFLP patterns with the REs used in this study. The results obtained by the PCR and RFLP analysis were in agreement with current methods for species identification of avian mycoplasmas.
 ...
PMID:Species identification of avian mycoplasmas by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. 767 64

A myeloma cell line (KHM-4) from a patient with multiple myeloma and idiopathic hyperammonemia, and another myeloma cell line (RPMI8226) were seen to have activity to form ammonia from arginine. High activity of ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), a hepatic urea cycle enzyme, was detected in these cell lines. OTC of these cells was much more heat-stable than the liver enzyme, and did not cross-react with an antibody against the liver enzyme. As the OTC activity was also detected in the culture medium of the myeloma cells and because the activity was markedly decreased by the antimycoplasma drug MC-210, the OTC activity was assumed to be associated with mycoplasma infection. Polymerase chain reaction, using degenerate oligonucleotide mixtures corresponding to the two highly conserved sequences of OTC, amplified a DNA sequence that apparently encodes a portion (about 67% in length) of mycoplasma OTC. The predicted amino acid sequence of the mycoplasma enzyme was 33-47% identical with those of the enzymes of bacteria, yeast and mammals.
 ...
PMID:A novel ornithine transcarbamylase present in mycoplasma-infected myeloma cells. 819 71

Polymerase chain reaction was carried out to amplify the conserved region (789 bp in the case of Mycoplasma capricolum) of the dnaA gene (1350 bp in the case of M. capricolum) of 15 representatives of the class Mollicutes using degenerate oligonucleotide primers. The dnaA gene fragments were amplified from M. mycoides subsp. capri, Spiroplasma apis and S. citri. The amino acid sequences deduced from the nucleotide sequences of the amplified fragments showed very low similarities to those of the corresponding regions of four walled bacteria. The values of similarity between any two of the three mollicute species were lower than those between any two of the four walled bacteria.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of the conserved region in the dnaA gene from three mollicute species. 828 91

Four silvered leaf monkeys inoculated with Mycoplasma fermentans (incognitus strain) showed wasting syndromes and died in 7-9 months. Infected animals had a late and transient antibody response to mycoplasmal infection. Three monkeys revealed periodic mycoplasmal antigenemia. The one that had the most persistent antigenemia failed to mount a detectable antibody response and was the first to die of the infection. The control monkey was killed 8 months later, after the last of the infected animals had died, and revealed no evidence of seroconversion or antigenemia. Polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic studies identified systemic infections of M. fermentans in the infected animals. No other opportunistic infection or neoplastic disease was found. It is interesting to note the absence of an inflammatory reaction to the large number of mycoplasmas in the infected tissues. M. fermentans (incognitus strain) apparently suppressed normal inflammatory or immune responses, produced wasting syndromes, and caused a fatal systemic infection in these monkeys.
 ...
PMID:Fatal systemic infections of nonhuman primates by Mycoplasma fermentans (incognitus strain). 839 31

The prevalence of atypical community-acquired infections as acute pulmonary exacerbations in patients with cystic fibrosis was prospectively studied. Thirty-two patients admitted to the hospital because of acute pulmonary exacerbations and 24 clinically stable patients seen for their routine visits were examined. The prevalence of infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae was assessed by culture and serology, and the presence of IgE to C. pneumoniae was studied by immunoblotting. A subgroup of patients was also examined for the presence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. C. pneumoniae was isolated from four patients presenting with acute pulmonary exacerbations (12.5%) and from none of the stable patients; all patients for whom cultures were positive also had IgE to C. pneumoniae. Polymerase chain reaction analysis for M. pneumoniae was not positive for any patient, and only one patient with an acute exacerbation had an antibody titer compatible with a recent infection. We conclude that infection with C. pneumoniae is associated with acute pulmonary exacerbations in some patients with cystic fibrosis and that it may trigger the production of IgE specific to C. pneumoniae, thus leading to bronchial reactivity in these patients.
 ...
PMID:Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in patients with cystic fibrosis. 872 38

The aetiology and microbial flora of nasal polyps is not well understood. No study in the literature has reported an association between the sub-bacterium Mycoplasma pneumoniae and nasal polyps. We have developed an assay method using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to amplify a specific region of the M. pneumoniae DNA in extracts of clinical samples using species-specific primers designed to a region of the 16S rRNA. The presence of M. pneumoniae was detected in 13/14 (93%) nasal polyps, in 4/5 (80%) rhinosinusitis mucosal samples but only in 1/7 (14%) of control samples (obstructive turbinates). An epidemic of infections due to M. pneumoniae is expected to occur in 1995. We believe this assay could form the basis of a rapid technique for M. pneumoniae detection. We also propose that the presence of M. pneumoniae may be of importance in the aetiology of nasal polyps.
 ...
PMID:The detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in nasal polyps. 881 1


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>