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Query: UMLS:C0026936 (Mycoplasma)
 14,761 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mycoplasmas adhere closely to the central region of the surface of mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. They do not appear connected to each other or the macrophage membrane, and they induce no change in the surface of the cell. After addition of antimycoplasma antibody, mycoplasmas show interconnections and the cell shows an increase occurrence of ruffled membrane and folding over the mycoplasmas. Large and small lacunae appear in the membrane at sites other than those taking in organisms, and the cell develops a diffusely granular appearance. These changes are associated with an increase in pinocytosis of horseradish peroxidase that is 85% above controls. Five minutes after addition of antibody, the macrophage appears contracted and engorged and has persistent membrane changes consisting of pits, openings, and membrane folds. Trypsin causes slow ingestion of surface mycoplasmas without the obvious membrane folding over organisms but with evidence of a predominantly invaginating process of phagocytosis. The macrophage surface has numerous microprojections, but is does not have the granular appearance seen after addition of antibody. Trypsin and Mycoplasma pulmonis antigen do not enhance macrophage pinocytic rates. (Am J Pathol 87:347-358, 1977).
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PMID:Attachment and ingestion of mycoplasmas by mouse macrophages. II. Scanning electron microscopic observations. 85 Nov 71

Surface carbohydrates of Mycoplasma mycoides var. capri were made visible by the cytochemical staining procedure with concanavalin A, horseradish peroxidase, and diaminobenzidine.
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PMID:Ultrastructural visualization of surface carbohydrate structures on mycoplasma membranes by concanavalin A. 110 92

Endogenous peroxidase activity has not been localized in the tracheal mucosal epithelial cells of specific pathogen-free (SPF) rats. After natural infection with Mycoplasma pulmonis in SPF rats, peroxidase activity became localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear envelope, and Golgi apparatus of tracheal ciliated or mucous secretory cells. Some secretory cells occasionally had peroxidase-positive secretory granules. At 1 wk M. pulmonis was found to attach to these epithelial cells, which then showed positive peroxidase activity at 2 wk. Serum antibody titers against M. pulmonis were positive at 5 wk. These results suggest that virulent mycoplasma infection and interaction with the tracheal epithelial cells trigger the de novo expression of peroxidase activity, which seems to play a role in mucosal anti-microbial defense mechanisms.
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PMID:Expression of peroxidase activity in rat tracheal epithelial cells associated with Mycoplasma pulmonis. 131 Feb 27

We describe a method for the simultaneous identification of up to three Mycoplasma species by the use of contrast-labeled fluorescent antibodies against two species and peroxidase-labeled antibody against a third species. The procedure enabled the rapid identification of colonies of three artificially mixed avian Mycoplasma species on agar blocks and also mixtures of species in cultures from naturally infected chickens. Furthermore, it was possible to quantitate the components of a mixture of Mycoplasma gallisepticum, M. synoviae, and M. gallinarum. This new procedure offers an improvement over existing methods in terms of both speed and analytical capability.
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PMID:Combination of immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques for serotyping mixtures of Mycoplasma species. 153 10

A sensitive indirect ELISA is reported for the detection and quantitation of specific IgG to Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) in sera and tracheobronchial washes (TBW) of MG-infected chickens. The sensitivity of the assay was ensured by the use of mouse monoclonal antibody to chicken IgG bound to a prospective anti-MG containing sample that was complexed with MG antigen immobilized on a solid phase. The level of specific IgG antibody in a test sample was detected by using peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG. Serum samples with various levels of anti-MG IgG activity were used to construct a standard curve response at a single working dilution by using Logit-Log curve fitting. The assay was simple, reliable, and specific and was used to monitor the appearance of specific anti-MG IgG in chicken sera and TBW at various intervals after the onset of mycoplasma-induced respiratory disease. The IgG response reached a plateau at 2 and 4 weeks postinfection in TBW and sera, respectively; then the response waned but still was detectable at a significant level for up to 25 weeks postinfection.
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PMID:An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of specific IgG antibody to Mycoplasma gallisepticum in sera and tracheobronchial washes. 156 15

The possibility of rapid diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection by immunobinding assay is described. Immunobinding assay which was developed by Kotani and McGarrity is a simple and rapid method for identification of mycoplasmas. Small amounts of antigen were spotted onto the nitrocellulose membrane. It was treated with a specific rabbit antisera against M. pneumoniae. The antigen-antibody complex was visualised with the avidin-biotin horseradish peroxidase method. Cross reaction was seen between M. pneumoniae and M. genitalium. Throat swabs from hamsters infected with M. pneumoniae were positive on 7th and 14th day after infection. Although the cross reaction was seen between M. pneumoniae and M. genitalium, this method could be useful for rapid diagnosis of M. pneumoniae infection.
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PMID:[Early diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia by antigen detection using immunobinding assay]. 179 24

Using indirect immunoperoxidase (IIP), peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) and avidin biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) immunohistochemical methods, Mycoplasma gallinarum and M gallinaceum antigens were demonstrated in ethanol-fixed paraffin-embedded oviduct sections from hens the eggs from which showed suboptimal hatchability. Specific immunoperoxidase staining was detected at the mucosa in the magnum portion of the oviduct. Optimal staining was achieved by applying the ABC method, though both IIP and PAP methods can also be used for diagnosis. Isolation and identification techniques gave similar results for the species of avian mycoplasmas involved.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical demonstration of Mycoplasma gallinarum and Mycoplasma gallinaceum in naturally infected hen oviducts. 226 25

In this study we performed a cytochemical comparison of peroxidase and acid phosphatase activities in peritoneal eosinophils from specific pathogen-free (SPF) and Mycoplasma pulmonis-infected rats. When eosinophils ingested polystyrene particles for 120 min, peroxidase- and acid phosphatase-positive specific granules, as well as small granules, fused to phagosomes. Unusual peroxidase activity was detected in some particle-containing phagosomes in 6.8% of eosinophils from control SPF rats and 31% of those from infected rats. Intense acid phosphatase activity was also demonstrated in some phagosomes in 4 and 20% of eosinophils from control and infected rats, respectively. The rate of peroxidase-positive and acid phosphatase-positive phagosomes to all ingested phagosomes was 8.1 and 7.3% in control rats and rose to 41.3 and 31.1% in those infected, respectively. The population of eosinophils (18%) in the control peritoneal cells did not change after infection (16.6%). These results suggest that the intraphagosomal release of lysosomal enzymes was significantly stimulated in peritoneal eosinophils of the rats spontaneously infected with M. pulmonis.
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PMID:Stimulated intraphagosomal release of eosinophil peroxidase and acid phosphatase in the rats spontaneously infected with Mycoplasma pulmonis: a cytochemical study. 259 62

An immunobinding assay was developed to identify mycoplasma colonies on agar in pure and mixed cultures. Mycoplasma colonies on agar were transferred to nitrocellulose. The nitrocellulose was treated with specific rabbit antisera against mycoplasmas, peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G, 4-chloro-1-naphthol, and H2O2. Purple developed in the presence of specific reactions. The procedure was superior to epifluorescence.
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PMID:Identification of mycoplasma colonies by immunobinding. 308 56

This laboratory has developed an immunobinding assay (IBA) to identify and detect mycoplasmas in a variety of specimens. The specimen is inoculated in volumes of 10 microliters onto nitrocellulose (NC) paper, which is then blocked, fixed, and incubated at room temperature. Specific antimycoplasma polyclonal or monoclonal antibody is first added, followed by peroxidase-labeled antibody directed toward the first immunoglobulin. Alternately, antimycoplasma IgG can be purified and conjugated to horseradish peroxidase for use in a direct assay. Addition of a developing solution results in the formation of purple color when mycoplasmas are present. Titers of rabbit antimycoplasma antisera range from 1:1,000 to 1:30,000. This assay can detect approximately 1 x 10(4) colony-forming units (CFU). This IBA has been used routinely to identify mycoplasmal isolates from 132 infected cell cultures. In addition, the procedure successfully detected Mycoplasma pneumoniae in throat swabs from patients with respiratory illness within 2 h. Perfect correlation was obtained with the IBA and microbiological culture of throat swabs for M. orale, M. salivarium and M. pneumoniae. The procedure was successfully used for other Mollicutes. It detected ureaplasmas in urogenital swabs and corn stunt spiroplasmas in infected corn plants and leafhoppers. A modification of the technique has been developed that identifies mycoplasma colonies on agar. It has also been used to assay for antimycoplasma antibodies in serum.
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PMID:Identification and isolation of mycoplasmas by immunobinding. 331 11


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