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Query: UMLS:C0026936 (Mycoplasma)
 14,761 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The susceptibility of 67 isolated Ureaplasma urealyticum, 25 Mycoplasma hominis and five Mycoplasma spp. reference strains to fleroxacin, ofloxacin, josamycin and doxycycline was determined by agar dilution. Josamycin had the best activity against Ureaplasma urealyticum, followed in order by doxycycline, ofloxacin and fleroxacin. All the strains were inhibited by josamycin at 0.4 mg/l, while only 38.8% of the strains were inhibited by doxycycline at this concentration. Mycoplasma hominis strains were more susceptible to doxycycline, ofloxacin and fleroxacin than were Ureaplasma urealyticum strains. Here, doxycycline had the best activity followed by ofloxacin, josamycin and fleroxacin. Notably, three Ureaplasma urealyticum strains and one Mycoplasma hominis strain were not inhibited by 6.4 mg/l doxycycline.
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PMID:Comparative in vitro activity of fleroxacin (RO 23-6240) against Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis. 313 82

The concentration of josamycin was determined in the split ejaculate of 5 volunteers after oral administration for several days. One aim of this investigation was to examine the penetration of the macrolide antibiotic into the prostate and the seminal vesicles. 2.23 +/- 1.8 micrograms/ml josamycin was found in fraction I of the ejaculate, consisting mostly of prostatic secretion, and 1.56 +/- 1.37 micrograms/ml josamycin in fraction II comprising mainly secretions from the seminal vesicles. The concentrations of josamycin found in both fractions of the ejaculate are clearly comparable with serum levels of the antibiotic. Josamycin thus attains concentrations in the prostate and seminal vesicles which are effective against Mycoplasma and Chlamydia, pathogens of increasing importance in infections of the urogenital tract. In vitro studies on samples from 30 andrological patients showed that josamycin (0.5 micrograms/ml) did not impair, but even increased the motility of spermatozoa (p less than or equal to 0.01). On the basis of these results josamycin is recommended for the treatment of andrological patients. In particular, the specific antibacterial spectrum also indicates the use of this antibiotic for treatment of the partner when children are desired. The usual precautionary measures for pregnancy must then be adhered to.
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PMID:Josamycin concentration in human ejaculate and its influence on sperm motility--a contribution to antibiotic therapy in andrological patients. 322 16

Josamycin is an antibiotic known to become selectively concentrated intracellularly and in respiratory organs, the habitate of Mycoplasma gallisepticum. The aim of this present work was to evaluate the efficacy of josamycin when given alone or combined with an immunostimulant Cornebacterium cutis ultralysate. Groups of chickens were given josamycin alone or Corynebacterium ultralysate alone or both agents or nothing immediately before induction of Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection. Birds were subjected to pathological examination to evaluate the incidence and severity of air-sacculitis, bacteriological examination for re-isolation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and for immunological examination to evaluate the humoral immune response to the infection (haemagglutination inhibiting titre determination). The effect of treatments used in this study was to decrease the incidence and severity of air sacculitis. The magnitude of rise in haemagglutination inhibiting titres were greater and faster in birds given Corynebacterium ultralysate. Treatments failed to achieve complete elimination of Mycoplasma. No special advantage was obtained from the use of josamycin, its effects were rather similar to previously used chemotherapy.
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PMID:Studies on the efficacy of combined immunostimulant-antibiotic therapy against experimental Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in chickens. 859 43

In order to investigate the susceptibility of mixed infection of Ureaplasma Urealyticum (UU) and Mycoplasma Hominis (MH) to 7 kinds of antimicrobial agents and comparison with that of UU infection in NGU patients, the in vitro susceptibility was determined by using microdilution method. The positive results were analyzed. The results showed that the sequence of susceptibility to 7 kinds of antimicrobial agents for both UU infection group and UU-MH mixed infection group was almost the same from the highest susceptibility to the lowest accordingly: Josamycin, Doxycycline, Minocycline, Sparfloxacin, Roxithromycin, Ofloxacin and Azithromycin. The total drug resistance rate for UU-MH mixed infection group (97.67%) was significantly higher than that for UU infection group (44.67%, P < 0.01). The highest drug resistance rate in UU group and UU-MH mixed infection group was 31.33% (Ofloxacin) and 90.48% (Azithromycin) respectively. UU-MH mixed infection showed an increased drug resistance and changes of drug resistance spectrum.
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PMID:Susceptibility of mixed infection of Ureaplasma Urealyticum and Mycoplasma Hominis to seven antimicrobial agents and comparison with that of Ureaplasma Urealyticum infection. 1297 52

We investigated the antimicrobial susceptibilities of mycoplasmas in Gabonese men and women. A total of 1,332 men and women were included in the study. Sperm, urine, ureteral or vaginal swabs were collected from the subjects. Mycoplasmas identification and antimicrobial susceptibility to azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, josamycin, pristinamycin, doxycycline, tetracycline, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were tested using the Mycoplasma IST 2 kit. 794 subjects were positive for Mycoplasma. Respectively, 1.6 % and 82.24 % of subjects were singly infected with M. hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum and 15.87 % had a mixed infection. M. hominis isolates were resistant to erythromycin and had an intermediate (I) to resistant (R) profile to azithromycin and clarithromycin. 84.6 % of M. hominis strains were sensitive (S) to josamycin and pristinamycin. 30.8 % and 92.3 % of M. hominis strains were sensitive to tetracycline and doxycycline, respectively. 76.9 and 84.6 % of M. hominis isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, respectively. The sensitivity rates of U. urealyticum strains were 45.23 %, 47.7 %, 63.84 %, 90.8 % and 92 % for azithromycin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, pristinamycin and josamycin, respectively. U. urealyticum strains showed 62.2 % and 79.7 % sensitivity to tetracycline and doxycycline, respectively. The resistance rates to azithromycin, clarithromycin and erythromycin for samples with mixed infection were 72.8 %, 84.7 % and 85.6 %, respectively. Josamycin and pristinamycin were 81.5 % effective on samples with mixed infection. The sensitivity rates of samples with mixed infection to tetracycline, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were 32 %, 69.6 %, 8.9 % and 18.5 %, respectively. Sub-Saharan Africa needs to use antibiotics rationally, as falling to do so would compromise the management of infectious diseases.
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PMID:Genital Mycoplasma infections and their resistance phenotypes in an African setting. 2563 May 39

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection is an important factor for tubal pregnancy. However, whether Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) and Mycoplasma hominis (MH) infections are also involved in tubal pregnancy remains unknown. This study is aimed to detect CT, UU, and MH in cervical secretions from patients with tubal pregnancy and control women in early pregnancy, to explore their prevalence rates and drug susceptibilities. Analysis was performed on patients with tubal pregnancy and those requiring termination of early pregnancy at <12 weeks from July 2013 to March 2014. Cervical secretions were tested for UU/MH with a UU/MH isolation and culture kit and for CT antigen by an immunochromatographic assay. Mycoplasma samples were tested for resistance to 12 antibiotics. There were no cases of CT infection detected. Mycoplasma infection rates (single or mixed) were similar in the tubal pregnancy and control groups, but the total rate of infection was higher for tubal pregnancy. All MH samples were sensitive to tetracyclines as well as josamycin and azithromycin. Josamycin and clarithromycin were effective against all UU cultures. Over 50% of the samples tested were resistant to ciprofloxacin.
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PMID:Chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasma infections in tubal pregnancy. 3168 49