Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026936 (Mycoplasma)
 14,761 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred and eleven children with Mycoplasma pneumonia infection were studied. Their mean age was 6.2 +/- 3.1 years. The two commonest symptoms were cough (98%) and fever (95%). Only 23% of children had cough of greater than one week's duration. Ninety one per cent had positive chest signs. Radiological abnormalities were seen in 95% of chest x-ray. Complications included dermatological (10%), pleural effusion (5%), neurological disorder (3%), septicaemia (1%), bronchiectasis (1%). Two children with Down's Syndrome died. A rare case of Mycoplasma bronchitis with Reye's Syndrome was observed.
 ...
PMID:Mycoplasma infection in children. 130 60

Severe economic loss due to high mortality and condemnation rates occurred on two commercial broiler facilities. Chickens had moderate-to-severe airsacculitis, pericarditis, perihepatitis, tracheitis, and synovitis. Pasteurella gallinarum was isolated from 16 of 18 pericardia, four of 14 livers, 11 of 16 air sacs, six of seven joints and one of 28 tracheas in pure culture. In addition, Mycoplasma synoviae was isolated from trachea and air sac. Lesions were suggestive of an Escherichia coli septicemia, but E. coli was isolated from only four of 28 tracheas and one of 14 livers in pure culture. A coronavirus was isolated from trachea and lung. Whether this coronavirus represented a vaccine or field strain of infectious bronchitis was not determined. These findings suggested that the severe lesions were due to a concomitant infection with an atypical strain of P. gallinarum.
 ...
PMID:Severe mortality in broiler chickens associated with Mycoplasma synoviae and Pasteurella gallinarum. 141 18

Laboratory and field experiments involving more than 100,000 birds were performed to assess the effect of simultaneous in-feed medication of chickens with salinomycin and tiamulin at various concentrations. In an artificial infection study with Mycoplasma gallisepticum, low levels of tiamulin (10-40 ppm) did not induce signs of ionophore intoxication with salinomycin at 60 ppm in the feed, whereas levels of 50 ppm caused early signs with a mild growth depression. A level of 20 ppm gave a maximum average improvement in growth rate of 12.5%. There was a dose-related response in mycoplasma lesion inhibition, with 50 ppm reducing lesions by 75%. In the two field trials, chickens suffering from mycoplasmosis complicated with infectious bronchitis and receiving 60 ppm salinomycin in the feed showed marked improvements in mortality rates, lesion scores, and feed-conversion efficiency when tiamulin was added at 20 ppm and 30 ppm in the feed. There were no signs of incompatibility between the two antibiotics at these levels.
 ...
PMID:Simultaneous treatment of chickens with salinomycin and tiamulin in feed. 153 13

Acute bronchitis and exacerbations of chronic bronchitis are important problems in clinical practice. Acute bronchitis is frequently caused by viruses, and rarely by Mycoplasma or Chlamydia pneumoniae. Antimicrobial therapy is generally not indicated. The causes of exacerbations in patients with chronic bronchitis are often not clear. Beside environmental irritants and hypersensitivity with acute bronchospasm, viral infections are important. The role of bacterial infections is not established. Nevertheless, early antibiotic treatment seems to be beneficial, particularly in reducing the incidence of respiratory deterioration, and therefore decreasing cost and morbidity.
 ...
PMID:[Acute and chronic bronchitis]. 161 56

Isolation of Chlamydia pneumoniae and serologic tests were performed on 85 children and adults patients with acute bronchitis admitted to the Kitasato Institute Hospital from January 1989 to May 1991. C. pneumoniae was isolated from sputa or tonsillar swabs in 11 of 57 (19%) patients examined. Of these, 10 patients were tested serologically and 9 (90%) had 16 or higher titer of IgG antibody. A total of 68 patients were tested serologically, and 17 (25%) revealed positive; 14 had a fourfold rise or more in the titer of IgG antibody, or IgM titer of 16 or more, and 3 had IgG antibody with a titer of 512 or greater. In 34 patients, sera were tested for evidence of acute infections not only with C. pneumoniae, but also with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, influenza A virus, influenza B virus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, coxackie A9 virus, parainfluenza virus type I, II, and III. Two of the 34 patients were associated with influenza A virus, 4 with influenza B virus, whereas 6 were associated with C. pneumoniae. The data available suggest that C. pneumoniae cause bronchitis much more than has been suspected, and also confirm earlier suggestions that the agent played an important role in respiratory tract infections. Chlamydia trachomatis was recovered from sputa and tonsillar swabs in 6 adults patients with acute bronchitis. Studies are needed for a better understanding of the epidemiology and clinical relevance of this microorganism to lower respiratory tract diseases in adults.
 ...
PMID:[Isolation of Chlamydia pneumoniae and antibodies to the agent in patients with acute bronchitis]. 162 41

Over a period of 14 months, we obtained nasal and throat swabs for virological examinations from patients, admitted to hospital with suspected pneumonia. Fifty-five cases of perihilar bronchitis and 103 cases of pneumonia were diagnosed based on radiological criteria. In 36% (n = 57) of the children, a pathogen could be determined by antigen ELISA. We found the following spectrum: Respiratory syncytial virus: 42%; Influenza A: 8%; Influenza B: 10%; Parainfluenza 1: 3%; Parainfluenza 2: 10%; Parainfluenza 3: 2%; Chlamydia: 17%; and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (serology only): 7%. In a control group of 59 healthy children, only one child showed a pathogen. In the past, viruses and Chlamydia have been underestimated as causes of lower respiratory tract infections. Antigen determination by ELISA has proved to be a reliable and rapid method for their detection.
 ...
PMID:[Atypical pathogen spectrum in community-acquired infections of the lower respiratory tract in childhood]. 174 50

To assess the safety and efficacy of a ten-day oral course of ofloxacin (400 mg 12 hourly) as compared with erythromycin (400 mg every 6 hours) for treatment of lower respiratory tract infections, fifty-two adult outpatients with pulmonary infiltrates (pneumonia) or with a cough and purulent sputum (bronchitis) were evaluated. Expectorated sputum specimens were Gram-stained and cultured, and antibody titres to Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophilia, and in most cases Chlamydia pneumoniae were measured on acute and convalescent serum samples. Patients were evaluated clinically, microbiologically and radiographically three to five days after concluding therapy; the incidence of adverse reactions was monitored throughout the study period. The ofloxacin group (N = 25) was comprised of nineteen patients with pneumonia and six patients with bronchitis. The erythromycin group (N = 27) was comprised of thirteen patients with pneumonia and fourteen patients with bronchitis. All fifty-two patients were either clinically improved or cured after therapy. Microbiological cure was documented in all fourteen cases (27%) in which causative pathogens were identified. Clinical cure was achieved with ofloxacin in 68% of patients with pneumonia and in 83% of patients with bronchitis, while clinical cure with erythromycin was achieved in 46% of patients with pneumonia and 54% of patients with bronchitis. Adverse reactions (mostly mild gastrointestinal or central nervous system symptoms) were reported by eight patients receiving ofloxacin and four patients receiving erythromycin. While the types of adverse effects were similar, ofloxacin showed a trend toward a higher rate of cure than erythromycin. Ofloxacin is a promising new antibiotic for the treatment of acute lower respiratory infections.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of lower respiratory infections in outpatients with ofloxacin compared with erythromycin. 175 88

A survey was conducted to characterize domestic and exotic bird populations, estimate seroprevalence to selected disease agents, and describe health management practices on 62 premises containing "backyard" flocks located within one mile of 22 commercial California meat-turkey flocks participating in National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS). Chickens were present on 56 backyard premises and turkeys on seven. Antibodies were identified against Mycoplasma gallisepticum, M. synoviae, M. meleagridis, Salmonella pullorum, Newcastle disease virus, avian encephalomyelitis virus, Bordetella avium, hemorrhagic enteritis virus, infectious bronchitis virus, and infectious bursal disease virus in 367 blood samples from 32 backyard premises. Twenty-two owners of backyard premises said they restricted visitor contact with their birds, and two required visitors to wear rubber boots and use boot disinfectant. Owners of seven premises used biologics and/or pharmaceutics for disease prevention. One family member worked on a commercial turkey ranch, but no other contact between owners, relatives, or employees and commercial poultry was reported.
 ...
PMID:Health survey of backyard poultry and other avian species located within one mile of commercial California meat-turkey flocks. 185 24

Respiratory tract pathogens (beta-haemolytic streptococci groups A, C and G, Haemophilus influenzae, Branhamella catarrhalis or pneumococci), were isolated from nasopharyngeal and/or throat swabs in 73/138 (53%) patients greater than 10 years of age with a clinical diagnosis of acute sinusitis, acute tonsillitis, purulent nasopharyngitis or acute bronchitis. Serological evidence of a viral infection (influenza A and B, parainfluenza 1, 2 and 3, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus) or Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was found in 10% of the patients. The serum content of C-reactive protein (S-CRP) was increased (greater than 12 mg/l) in 26/33 (79%) patients with streptococci and in 22/59 (37%) patients without respiratory tract bacteria. In patients with a serological evidence of a virus tonsillitis, the S-CRP was also high (32-64 mg/l). At follow-up 10-12 days after the first visit, the clinical effect of erythromycin and penicillin V was judged to be similar (90% clinical effect). Relapse or re-infection with group A streptococci were seen in 7 patients (4 on erythromycin, 3 on penicillin). In another 6 patients (3 on erythromycin, 3 on penicillin), antibiotic treatment was switched owing to persisting symptoms, probably due to H. Influenzae infection in 3 cases. The patients' own estimates of their symptoms suggested treatment with erythromycin to have a more rapid effect than treatment with penicillin.
 ...
PMID:Erythromycin and phenoxymethylpenicillin (penicillin V) in the treatment of respiratory tract infections as related to microbiological findings and serum C-reactive protein. 190 52

From January 1986 to December 1987, 596 children less than 5 years of age with lower respiratory tract infection (LRI)--manifested as laryngitis, croup, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia--were studied for evidence of infection with respiratory tract viruses Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydia trachomatis. Of the 596 children in the study, 315 were ambulatory and 281 were hospitalized. Virologic studies included isolation and rapid diagnosis of virus from specimens of nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) and serologic studies of blood samples. Cultures of NPA for C. trachomatis were performed for children less than 6 months of age who had pneumonia. Of the LRI cases, 45% were associated with viral infections of the respiratory tract and 12.1% were associated with C. trachomatis. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) accounted for 45.2% of infections with viral agents and was associated with acute bronchitis, acute bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. Parainfluenza type 3 virus was the most common virus found in conjunction with laryngitis and croup. The incidence of infections due to RSV peaked in July and August, while that of infections due to parainfluenza viruses peaked in February and March; influenza viruses and adenoviruses were isolated throughout the year.
 ...
PMID:A study of nonbacterial agents of acute lower respiratory tract infection in Thai children. 212 59


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>