Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026936 (Mycoplasma)
 14,761 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Model systems of respiratory infection in mice were established with Streptococcus pneumoniae, influenza virus, and Mycoplasma pulmonis. The LT50 for S. pneumoniae was 2 1/2 days, for lethal influenza 6 days, and for M. pulmonis 5 days. Morbidity in sublethal influenza infections reached a peak during days 5 to 10, with recovery indicated by the third week. The course of each pulmonary infection was followed by use of the animal's maximal ability to consume oxygen (VO2max by determining the weight, compliance, and stability of the excised lung, and in some cases by following O2 consumption of minced tissue. Depression of VO2max began early in each infection; reductions ranged from 9% at the peak of sublethal influenza infection to 50% 12 to 48 hr before the LT50 of fatal infections. The depressions were not relieved by 100% O2. The noninvasive VO2max test, evoked by cold air, was simple, rapid, and reproducible and appeared to serve as a quantitative measure of over-all function during infection. Each type of infection caused an increase in lung weight, with the largest noted during fatal Mycoplasma illness and lethal influenza. The effects on lungs by influenza and M. pulmonis infections were similar but could be differentiated from those with S. pneumoniae. With sublethal influenza, CL was reduced 30% between days 5 to 10, with recovery by the third week. Ctis was not affected. M. pulmonis infections and lethal influenza caused depressions in CL of over 60% by day 4 but only a 30% decrease in Ctis. The data suggest that the decreased compliance in influenza and M. pulmonis infections was due primarily to increased surface tension. In contrast, S. pneumoniae did not affect compliance.
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PMID:Oxygen uptake and lung function in mice infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae, influenza virus, or Mycoplasma pulmonis. 2 1

The excretion of cellular per litre of urine amounted in healthy persons to, in round figures, one million epithelial cells (2.5 cells per visual field) in both sexes, one million leukocytes in males, one million erythrocytes in females and 0.5 million in males. The maximal excretion was calculated to be 5-6 million per litre. In acute infections the number of epithelial cells and leukocytes in the urine rose to more than the double. Pathological microscopic haematuria, judged by exceeding of the maximal value for normal excretion during the acute phase (24 or more erythrocytes per visual field), occurred in no case of mycoplasma infection, in about 4% of measles, mononucleosis, serous meningitis and hepatitis cases, in about 8% of mumps and streptococcal infections, and in more than 20% of influenza A2 cases. Statistical significance or probable significant existed between influenza and other diseases. The haematuria was unrelated either to the general degenerative or to the specific inclusion-provocative reaction within the renal and urinary tract epithelium. The cause is sought in an involvement of glomeruli with increased diapedesis. The special position of influenza may be explained by the marked haemorrhagic reactions produced by this infection. In one case persistent haematuria combined with increased content of inclusion-bearing cells occurred after influenza. Immunoglobulin deposition in glomerular mesangium may perhaps be one explanation of this haematuria.
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PMID:Cellular elements in the urine in health and in acute infectious diseases, especially with respect to the presence of haematuria. A study with application of millipore procedure and Papanicolaou staining. 5 90

Individuals with chronic lung disease and their families were selected from the Tecumsch community along with similarly selected families as comparison groups and studied for 1-year periods. Occurence of acute respiratory illness was ascertained weekly by telephone and calculated as an annual rate. Persons with chronic bronchitis not only experienced more acute lower respiratory illness than healthy comparison subjects, but total illness rates were somewhat higher as well. Infection rates were determined from blood samples taken 3 times from each participant during the surveillance year. Antibody tests were performed for respiratory syncytial virus, para-influenza virus types 1, 2, and 3, influenza types A and B, coronavirus OC43, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. Differences in serologic infection rates among the subgroups of the population were similar to those seen in the clinical data, with more frequent infection among those with bronchitis than among the comparison subjects. This finding indicates that some degree of increased susceptibility to actual infection existed among those individuals with bronchitis. Influence of smoking on illness and infection rates was also examined. Infections were, in general, more frequent in smokers than in nonsmokers, but illness rates were reversed, suggesting that perception of disease differed in the 2 groups. Rates of illness and infection of other adults in the families of the index individuals with bronchitis were not influenced by the higher rates seen in the index individuals; however, it was of interest that children of persons with bronchitis did have somewhat higher rates of infection than children of comparison subjects.
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PMID:The Tecumseh study of respiratory illness. VIII. Acute infection in chronic respiratory disease and comparison groups. 16 65

The role of some important respiratory viruses (influenza A, B, parainfluenza, adeno and mycoplasma) in morbidity due to acute respiratory diseases during 1973 in the GDR is analysed on account of serological data (CFR) obtained with paired sera (a -5 percent of all cases comprising all age groups) and virus isolations. The serological surveillance provides an important base for evaluating the significance of respiratory agents for the development of the morbidity due to ARD.
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PMID:Etiological relationship between several respiratory viruses and acute respiratory diseases in 1973 in the GDR. 16 22

The advantages, disadvantages, and uses of serological epidemiology are discussed in relation to acute respiratory infections in military personnel. The prevalence of antibody reflects both current and past experience with respiratory agents and is a measure of susceptinility. Incidence data calculated by testing two serial serum samples, on entry and discharge from the service, has indicated high influenza and mycoplasma pneumoniae rates in South American recruits and low rates of adenovirus and parainfluenza infections. Serologic analysis of reinfection rates showed high protection against influenza infections at HI antibody levels of over 1:40, against adenovirus infections at neutralizing titers of 1:5, and against M. pneumoniae infections at TRI antibody levels over 1:8. Antibody responses persisting at least 7 mo following immunization were demonstrated in 70% of 428 vaccinated young adults for A2 antigen and 20% for influenza B antigen. No relation of ABO blood groups to respiratory infection was found. The lack of myxovirus infections in four Polaris submarines is presented.
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PMID:Serologic studies of acute respiratory infections in military personnel. 16 40

The date of onset of 360 acute renal transplant rejection episodes from 1969 to 1973 have been compared with the prevalence of various common viral infections and infections due to Mycoplasma pnuemoniae. A positive correlation was found for influenza B infections (r=0.43, p less than 0.01) up to 5 months before transplantation and for adenovirus infections (r=0.32, p less than 0.05) at 1 month before kidney grafting.
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PMID:Virus infections and acute renal transplant rejection. 17 8

A prospective clinical and virological study on 44 patients with acute, peripheral facial paralysis was carried out in consecutive cases during one year. In 9 cases varicella-zoster infections were serologically established. In 5 additional patients an associated varicella-zoster, or herpes simplex, infection was possible. Of the 9 confirmed cases, 6 were clinically diagnosed as zoster oticus, whereas on clinical grounds, 3 were regarded as Bell's palsy. No evidence was obtained of associated enterovirus, mumps, measles, cytomegalovirus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, para-influenza virus, mononucleosis or Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.
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PMID:Acute facial palsy. Some clinical and virological observations. 17 68

The World Health Organization (WHO) convened a Scientific Group to adapt its program in virus diseases to recent progress in virology. The program consists of (a) general activities, such as reference services and the supplying of reagents by the WHO Collaborating Centres and (b) specific activities to solve problems-including the promotion of necessary research-caused by certain diseases of public health importance. The Group reviewed problems caused by influenza and other respiratory viruses, enteroviruses, gastroenteritis viruses (for which types A and B have been proposed as a convenient nomenclature), viral hepatitis, viruses in water and sewage, arboviruses, arenaviruses and Marburg virus, measles and rubella vaccination, smallpox, rabies, chronic infections, herpesviruses, oncogenic viruses, congenital infections, nosocomial infections, chlamydial and rickettsial infections, and mycoplasma infections.
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PMID:The new program of the World Health Organization in medical virology. 18 63

401 cases of viral pneumonia diagnosed between January 1973 and August 1975 were investigated serologically by the complement-fixation test. The percentage distribution of the responsible pathogenic organism in this series of cases was as follows: influenza virus A 45.9%, Mycoplasma pneumoniae 19.5%, Coxsackie B viruses 9.2%, cytomegalovirus 7.5% and Chlamydia psittaci 8.5%. The remaining 9.4% cases were caused by adeno, parainfluenza, measles, influenza B, herpes simplex and respiratory syncytial viruses. Influenza virus was found mainly in elderly people (mean age 58.4 years), whilst pneumonia due to Mycoplasma occurred mainly in young adults (mean age 24.4 years). Infections with Coxsackie B viruses were almost entirely restriced to the warmer months; by contrast, the influenza virus was usually found in epidemic form and only during a few weeks in winter.
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PMID:[Aetiological studies on viral pneumonia (author's transl)]. 18 13

IgA-deficient blood donors and their age- and sex-matched controls were compared for the occurrence of complement-fixing antibodies in serum against several viruses. The level in the IgA-deficient persons was slightly higher against several respiratory pathogens (adenoviruses, type B influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus) that give rise to localized infections, and against coxsackie B group of viruses. No corresponding difference was observed in mumps, varicella, and cytomegalovirus infections, where viraemia is a characteristic feature, or in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.
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PMID:Virus antibody levels in IgA deficiency. 18 83


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