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Query: UMLS:C0026918 (Mycobacterium)
 52,428 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Phospholipids extracted with hot methanol from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, strain H37Rv, were fractionated with solvent mixtures and by partition chromatography on silica-gel columns. Of 12 components detected on a thin-layer chromatogram of the total phospholipid fraction, 6 components were purified. They were all phosphatidylinositol oligomannosides: two hexamannosides (H-2 and H-3), one tetramannoside (H-4), one trimannoside (H-5), and two dimannosides (H-6 and H-7). The molar ratios of fatty acid to phosphorus were 3 for H-2, H-4, H-5, and H-6, and 4 for H-3 and H-7. In each lipid, more than 80% of the total fatty acids were palmitic and tuberculostearic acids. Each of the six lipids had serological activity to various degrees.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of serologically active phosphatidylinositol oligomannosides of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 17 41

S, R and M forms of Mycobacterium lacticolum were compared. The cells of the R form had the highest requirement in aeration and phosphorus, whereas the cells of the M form, the lowest requirement. The content of oxygen in the medium and the concentration of phosphorus almost did not affect the viriability of these forms. On a medium containing n-hexadecane, the cells of the R form possessed selective advantages under favourable growth conditions, i.e. when the content of oxygen and phosphorus in the medium was high, whereas the cells of the M form had selective advantages under unfavourable conditions of growth when it decelerated as a result of a low concentration of oxygen and phosphorus in the medium. These correlations changed on a medium containing carbohydrates.
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PMID:[Influence of aeration and phosphorus concentration in the medium on growth of S-, R- and M-forms of Mycobacterium lacticolum in mixed cultures]. 89 58

Mycobacterium lepraemurium was cultivated on Ogawa egg-yolk medium and its energy coupling mechanisms were investigated. Cell-free extracts prepared from in vitro-grown cells catalyzed phosphorylation coupled to the oxidation of generated NADH, added NADH, and succinate-yielding ratios of phosphorus moles incorporated into high-energy bonds to oxygen atoms utilized (P/O ratios) of 0.75, 0.52, and 0.36, respectively. Ascorbate oxidation alone or in the presence of tetramethyl-p-phenyline-diamine (TMPD) did not yield any adenosine triphosphate (ATP). However, ascorbate in the presence of added cytochrome c was coupled to ATP synthesis and yielded a P/O ratio of 0.12. The oxidative phosphorylation was uncoupled by all of the uncouplers used without any inhibition of oxygen consumption. ATP generation coupled to NADH oxidation was completely inhibited by the flavoprotein inhibitors, such as rotenone and amytal; these inhibitors had no effect, however, on ATP synthesis associated with succinate oxidation. Antimycin A or 2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxy-quinoline-N-oxide (HQNO) and cyanide inhibited markedly the oxidations of NADH and succinate as well as the coupled ATP generation. The phosphorylation coupled to ascorbate plus cytochrome c was not affected by either of the flavoprotein inhibitors or by antimycin A or HQNO, but was completely inhibited by cyanide. The thiol-bearing agents p-chloromercuribenzoate (PCMB) and N-ethylmaleimide were the potent inhibitors of the phosphorylation associated with the oxidation of NADH and succinate. The results indicate that the three energy-coupling sites are functional in the respiratory chain of in vitro-grown M. lepraemurium.
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PMID:Energy generation mechanisms in the in vitro-grown Mycobacterium lepraemurium. 131 45

Hematologic and serum biochemical tests were used to monitor the health of 3 groups of bison in an experimental study of tuberculosis. Bison were randomly assigned to Mycobacterium bovis-infected, M. bovis-sensitized, and uninfected control groups. Hematologic measurements included total and differential leukocyte counts, hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), fibrinogen, and plasma proteins. Biochemical tests included serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, aspartate amino transferase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, serum calcium, and serum phosphorus. There were no significant differences (P = 0.05) in any test values between groups of bison. The bison data were combined and compared to similar data of cattle. The mean values for PCV and Hb were higher than values (PCV 24-46%, Hb 8-15 g/dl) for cattle. Mycobacterium bovis-infected bison had a slight increase in the number of blood monocytes and lymphocytes when compared to the uninfected bison but were within the normal ranges for bison and cattle. Other hematologic parameters were within normal ranges reported for cattle. Creatinine levels in all bison were above the normal range (1.0-1.5 mg/dl) for cattle. Phosphorus levels for M. bovis-infected and M. bovis-sensitized bison exceeded the normal range (5.6-8.0 mg/dl) reported for cattle. The level for uninfected bison was near the upper limit of normal for cattle. Mean values for other serum biochemical tests were within the normal ranges reported for cattle.
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PMID:Serum biochemical and hematologic values of normal and Mycobacterium bovis-infected American bison. 248 47

The effect of some components of the medium on the growth of Mycobacterium cyaneum B-646 and on the biosynthesis of an exoglycan by the culture was studied. A medium in which the M. cyaneum M variant produced up to 2.2 g of the exopolysaccharide per litre, which was nearly 4 times more than in the original medium, was proposed. The new medium differed from the original one in an elevated content of carbon, iron and potassium (11.2, 5.0 and 1.4 times, respectively) and in a lower phosphorus content (6.7 times). The exopolysaccharide produced by the culture in this medium contained glucose, galactose, fucose and uronic acid. Therefore, its monomeric composition did not depend on the medium used for growing the culture which produced the exopolysaccharide.
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PMID:[Optimization of a medium and the role of its various components for the biosynthesis of Mycobacterium cyaneum exopolysaccharide]. 377 95

Adjuvant arthritis was induced in female Lewis rats by the injection of Mycobacterium butyricum in mineral oil in a hindpaw. Bone changes due to polyarthritis were evaluated in the tibia metaphyseal region of the noninjected hind leg. A decrease in bone mass and mineral content was observed in the affected bone. accompanied by a marked increase in bone resorption. Non-arthritic and arthritic rats were treated with the synthetic vitamin D analogue, 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (0.01 to 1.0 micrograms/kg/day orally) for 28 days. Treatment resulted in a small increase in bone weight and mineral content in the non-arthritic rats. Arthritic rats exhibited a larger increase in bone weight, hydroxyproline and calcium content. These beneficial effects were correlated with the ability of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol to increase extracellular calcium and phosphorus levels, as measured by the increased urinary excretion of calcium and inorganic phosphate and by the increase in serum calcium. Bone resorption and new bone formation were not affected by the treatment.
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PMID:Bone changes in rats with adjuvant arthritis: treatment with 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol. 379 1

Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) and lipid-free arabinomannan (AM) were prepared from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. Purification of LAM was done by ultracentrifugation of the phenol-water-extracted crude polysaccharide, followed by affinity and anion exchange chromatography. AM was purified from the supernatant of the ultracentrifuged polysaccharide or from alkaline-extracted material by gel filtration and anion exchange chromatography. Chemical analysis revealed arabinose and mannose in LAM (1.4:1) and AM (3.5:1) and the presence of palmitic, stearic, and tuberculostearic acids for a total of 7.8% lipid in LAM. Traces of phosphorus were found in the AMs, particularly LAM (0.05%). Nuclear magnetic resonance confirmed the presence of alpha-arabinosyl residues and the acylated nature of LAM. LAM exhibited lipid-dependent aggregation, as indicated by a Triton-induced decrease in molecular weight. By using bovine sera, LAM was found to be active in the complement fixation test, whereas AM was inactive and inhibited this activity. Thus, the presence of AM in crude polysaccharide could explain the variable complement fixation results. Triton-dissociated LAM exhibited a precipitin (Cl) in common with that of AM, confirming shared determinants. LAM in its lipid-dependent aggregated form, however, exhibited a second precipitin (C2), which may be due to the disparity in antigen size or a novel epitope. The lipid content of LAM rendered it 100 times more effective for coating plates in the enzyme immunoassay than lipid-free AM.
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PMID:Lipoarabinomannan and lipid-free arabinomannan antigens of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. 381 96

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of high molecular weight could be isolated from cells of Mycobacterium avium if the cells were exposed to nitrogen gas at 1,500 lb/in2 for 30 min and then brought to atmospheric pressure by rapid decompression. DNA isolated from the cells had a molecular weight of 4.8 x 10(6) to 17.4 x 10(6). DNA was also released into the fluid in which the cells were suspended during nitrogen decompression. One-half of this DNA, representing 3% of the total DNA phosphorus in the cells had a uniform molecular weight of 4.2 x 10(6). This DNA was linear in conformation, and removal of associated carbohydrates did not change its sedimentation rate. The biological function or significance of the 4-megadalton DNA was not determined.
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PMID:Isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid from Mycobacterium avium by rapid nitrogen decompression. 699 12

The effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, glucose and temperature on the assimilation of diesel fuel and the biomass yield of Mycobacterium mucosum was studied by the method of complete factor experiment. The concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus were shown to be most important for the above processes. The growth dynamics of the culture was studied as well as the utilization by it of diesel fuel and glucose added to the medium separately or in combination. The presence of glucose in the medium had no effect on the utilization of diesel fuel; however, the utilization of glucose in the presence of diesel fuel was considerably decelerated.
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PMID:[Microbiologic oxidation of diesel fuel by the total factor experiment method]. 739 94

An antifungal substance named peptide A12-C has been purified to homogeneity from supernatants of sporulated cultures of Bacillus licheniformis A12. It consists of a 0.77-kDa hydrophilic peptide containing two residues of Glu and one of Arg, Ala, Pro, Tyr and Orn. No fatty acids, phosphorus or carbohydrates have been detected. Peptide A12-C is active on several fungi (Microsporum canis CECT 2797, Mucor mucedo CECT 2653, M. plumbeus (CCM F 443, Sporothrix schenckii CECT 2799 and Trichophyton mentagrophytes CECT 2793) and bacteria (Bacillus megaterium, Corynebacterium glutamicum, Sarcina and Mycobacterium), although the latter are less sensitive.
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PMID:Isolation and physico-chemical characterization of an antifungal and antibacterial peptide produced by Bacillus licheniformis A12. 776 22


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