Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026916 (MAC)
 5,226 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case report on a 6-year-old boy suffering from the extremely rare Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome (progeria) is presented. The results of histopathological and immunohistological examination of the scar-like skin lesions are reported. Subcutaneous amorphous nodules were eosinophilic, PAS- und elastica-negative und remained unstained with antibodies against collagen type IV, vimentin, and collagenase. The dense perivascular infiltration consisted of CD4+, CD8-, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin-, MAC 387-, and some vimentin-positive cells. Perinodular blood vessels were more abundant and had a thickened wall. Collagen bundles were swollen. The epidermis appeared atrophic with focal basal cell degeneration.
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PMID:[Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome]. 150 7

Little is known about the nature of the large intrasinusoidal cells exhibiting cytophagocytosis, which are the histologic hallmark of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) (Rosai-Dorfman disease). Using a broad panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, we analyzed the immunophenotype of the cell infiltrates in seven lymph node biopsy specimens from five cases of SHML. The SHML cells constantly expressed the S-100 protein, concanavalin agglutinin and peanut agglutinin lectins, and monocyte-macrophage-associated antigens CD 11c, CD 14, CD 33, CD 68, and LN 5. Labeling with other antimacrophage antibodies was extremely variable, with some (MAC 387, lysozyme) restricted to clusters of SHML cells and others (CD11b, CD 36, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin) staining only scattered cells. The CD 1a antigen was found on some cells in only one case, whereas HLA-DR and the HLA-DR-associated invariant chains were absent. The heterogeneity of SHML cell marker expression might be related to the local content of factors (eg, cytokines) capable of modulating the phenotype of monocytes and derived cells. All cases presented with huge amounts of medium-sized mononuclear cells accumulated in the sinuses and intersinusoidal tissue. These cells expressed the S-100-/CD 11b+/CD 11c+/CD 14+/CD 16+/CD 33+/CD 36+/lysozyme+/MAC 387+/HLA-DR+ phenotype. These recently immigrated monocytes might represent the immediate precursors of SHML cells.
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PMID:Immunophenotypic characterization of the cell infiltrate in five cases of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease). 159 87

The present report describes the results of a combined morphological, enzyme- and immunohistochemical analysis of nine cases of malignant non Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) clinically presenting as lethal midline granuloma. In a previous report written before antibodies directed against B and T lymphocytes were available, a histiocytic origin of such neoplasms had been suggested. A panel of antibodies reactive with most B cells (L26, MB1, KiB3) and a majority of T cells (MT1, UCHL1) was applied on paraffin sections of formalin fixed tissues as well as antibodies directed against leukocyte common antigen (LCA), myeloid/histiocyte antigen (MAC 387), lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, S-100 protein, prekeratin and immunoglobulin light chains. Enzyme histochemistry included tests for non-specific acid esterase, acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and chloroacetate esterase. As a result, five T, two B and two unclassified (malignant histiocytosis probable) NHL were identified, indicating distinct heterogeneity of NHL as causative disorders in lethal midline granuloma.
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PMID:Heterogeneous malignant non Hodgkin's lymphomas as a causative disorder in lethal midline granuloma. 252 38

The suitability of enzyme- and immunohistochemical methods for the demonstration of mononuclear phagocytes in cats is treated. The activity of nonspecific esterases with the substrates alpha-naphthyl-acetate, alpha-naphthyl-butyrate and naphthol-AS-acetate, and of acid phosphatases with the substrate naphthol-AS-BI-phosphate is demonstrated in paraffin and plastic sections of the liver, lungs, spleen and lymph node. Even with modified methods, only slight reactions were obtained in cat tissues compared to sections of rat organs. Four antibodies against human macrophage antigens were tested in paraffin sections. Only the antibody against alpha-1-antichymotrypsin showed no cross-reactions in the cat. Neutrophilic granulocytes reacted strongly, macrophages only very slight with the anti-lysozyme-antisera and the monoclonal antibody MAC 387. Apart from some macrophages, interdigitating reticulum cells, B- and T-lymphocytes in the cat were stained by the anti HLA-DR antibody TAL-1B5.
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PMID:[Demonstration of cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system of the cat using enzyme and immunohistochemistry methods]. 764 25

A case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) arising in the cerebellopontine angle of a 57-year-old woman was reported. The immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings indicated distinct fibrohistiocytic nature and myofibroblastic differentiation of this peculiar tumor. Immunohistochemistry disclosed that the tumor cells expressed monocyte/macrophage markers including CD-68, MAC 387, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. In addition, the neoplasm contained scattered glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells which made small nests in some areas. These GFAP-positive cells had bundles of densely packed intermediate filaments and scanty organellae in the cytoplasm, as demonstrated by an immunostained-semithin and serial-ultrathin section method. By immunostaining of MIB-1 and GFAP, and silver nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) impregnation on serial sections, the GFAP-positive cells were not labeled by MIB-1 and their AgNOR counts averaged 1.13/nucleus. Thus, these GFAP-positive cells seem to have lower proliferating activity than neoplastic astrocytes. It is concluded that they may be nonneoplastic astrocytic cells involved by MFH.
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PMID:Intracranial malignant fibrous histiocytoma: characterization of GFAP-positive cells in the tumor. 785 Oct 46

A case of spindle-cell pseudotumor of the spleen due to nontuberculous mycobacteria in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is described. The patient was a 55-year-old, human immunodeficiency virus-positive Haitian man who died of acute neurologic complications while on treatment for central nervous system toxoplasmosis. At autopsy, an enlarged multinodular spleen was noted. Histologic examination revealed coarse nodules of splenic parenchyma replaced by a dense spindle cell proliferation, admixed with scattered inflammatory cells. Immunostains showed strong cytoplasmic positivity of the spindle cells with MAC 387, HAM 56, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin antibodies and negative staining for actin, vimentin, and S-100 protein antibodies. Ziehl-Neelsen stains revealed numerous elongated acid-fast bacilli within the cytoplasm of the cells that were occasionally lying free within the interstitium. The organisms also had a strongly positive reaction with antibodies to desmin intermediate filaments. Mycobacterial spindle-cell pseudotumor should be included in the differential diagnosis of conditions affecting the spleen in patients with AIDS.
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PMID:Mycobacterial spindle-cell pseudotumor of the spleen. 816 Jun 49

The role of macrophages in the killing and elimination of microfilariae (mf) was studied immunohistologically in 14 lymph nodes from 10 patients with generalized onchocerciasis 20-68 h after treatment with a single oral dose of 150 microg/kg ivermectin. Mf with signs of damage at light microscopical level were surrounded by a cellular infiltrate comprising macrophages, eosinophils and neutrophils, whereas light microscopically intact mf mostly showed no cellular reaction. Resident mature macrophages expressing the CD 68 epitope usually neither migrated nor attached to damaged mf, especially on the first and second day after ivermectin treatment. However, many young invading macrophages labelled for the L1 protein (antibodies 27 E 10, MAC 387, S 36.48 and 8.5C2) were found within the cellular infiltrate around damaged mf and in adherence to the mf in all lymph nodes after ivermectin treatment. Free L1 protein was observed on the cuticle of the mf. The attacking macrophages contained increased amounts of the enzymes lysozyme, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin and alpha-1-antitrypsin compared to resident macrophages. Free enzymes were found on the cuticle of the mf and around them, indicating a role of these enzymes in the inflammatory reaction to the parasites. The attacking macrophages were strongly labelled for human HLA-DR and they showed further an increased expression of the complement receptors CR1 (CD 35) for C3b and CR3 (CD 11b) for C3 bi in comparison to resident macrophages and thus were considered as activated macrophages. Rarely fragments of mf were seen within multinuclear macrophages. We conclude that young activated macrophages play a major role in the elimination of mf transported to the regional lymph nodes after ivermectin treatment. The immunohistological findings are in accordance with the assumption that these activated macrophages together with granulocytes contribute to the killing of the damaged mf. They also help to limit the damage of the host tissue by release of alpha-1-antichymotrypsin and alpha-1-antitrypsin.
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PMID:Immunohistological studies on macrophages in lymph nodes of onchocerciasis patients after treatment with ivermectin. 943 72

Most granular cell tumours (GCTs) are benign proliferations of purported Schwannian derivation, showing immunoreactivity for Schwann cell-related antigens. Due to incomplete agreement on the precise nature of GCTs (reactive vs neoplastic), we performed an immunohistochemical study with the alkaline phosphatase/anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) technique on 30 GCTs. The aim was to evaluate their growth patterns and the possible relationships of granular cells with other nerve sheath-related cell types (i.e., Schwann and perineurial cells, and dendritic cells displaying CD34/vimentin immunoreactivity). An expansive growth pattern was detected in five cases, a pseudoinfiltrative growth pattern in nine cases and a mixture of the above in the remaining 16 cases. Besides immunoreactivity for S-100 protein, neuron-specific enolase, vimentin, CD57, CD68, MAC 387, alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin in granular cells, we documented intimate architectural relationships between granular cells, Schwann and perineurial cells, and a third type of CD34/vimentin-positive nerve sheath-related cell in most GCTs. These results suggest that GCTs are heterogeneous lesions. Some of them show a pseudoinfiltrative growth pattern and retain close relationships with the normal components of the nerve sheath. In other lesions, granular cells grow in an expansive fashion and constitute the predominant cell component of the tumour. These architectural and immunophenotypic differences may reflect a different nature of GCTs: they may initially represent reactive or hamartomatous lesions that subsequently acquire truly neoplastic potential.
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PMID:Cellular heterogeneity of granular cell tumours: a clue to their nature? 1089 May 60