Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026850 (muscular dystrophy)
 5,870 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For the purpose of clarifying the cause of white muscle disease (WMD) in calves, tocopherol and selenium levels and blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity were measured on 10 calves with WMD and nine of their dams. The main clinical symptoms of the 10 calves with WMD were motor disturbances including recumbency and stiffness. Serum enzyme activities (GOT, GPT, CPK, LDH) in calves with WMD increased markedly, and this increase was also observed in some of their dams. Serum tocopherol levels of calves with WMD were low, 70% of which showing deficient levels of less than 70 micrograms/100 ml. Serum selenium levels of all the calves were lower than 35 ppb, indicating a deficiency, and were accompanied by low blood GSH-Px activity. alpha-Tocopherol and selenium concentrations in organs were very low. Dams of calves with WMD showed low serum tocopherol levels, 22% of which indicating deficient levels below 150 micrograms/100 ml. Serum selenium levels in dams showed a marked decrease to under 20 ppb, and also low blood GSH-Px activity. Feedstuffs supplied in the farms to affected calves indicated very low alpha-tocopherol contents (below 3 mg/100g DM) and low selenium concentrations below 50 ppb in DM. It was concluded that WMD in calves was attributable to nutritional muscular dystrophy caused by deficiencies in tocopherol and selenium in feedstuffs supplied to their dams.
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PMID:Studies on serum tocopherol, selenium levels and blood glutathione peroxidase activities in calves with white muscle disease. 258 29

The pathomorphologic mechanism responsible for abnormal perfusion imaging during thallium-201 myocardial single photon emission computed tomography (201Tl-SPECT) in patients with Duchenne's progressive muscular dystrophy (DMD) was investigated. Hearts from 7 patients with DMD were evaluated histopathologically at autopsy and the results correlated with findings on initial and delayed resting 201Tl-SPECT images. The location of segments with perfusion defects correlated with the histopathologically abnormal segments in the hearts. Both the extent and degree of myocardial fibrosis were severe, especially in the posterolateral segment of the left ventricle. Severe transmural fibrosis and severe fatty infiltration were common in segments with perfusion defects. In areas of redistribution, the degree of fibrosis appeared to be greater than in areas of normal perfusion; and intermuscular edema was prominent. Thus, the degree and extent of perfusion defects detected by 201Tl-SPECT were compatible with the histopathology. The presence of the redistribution phenomenon may indicate ongoing fibrosis. Initial and delayed resting 201Tl-SPECT images can predict the site and progress of myocardial degeneration in patients with DMD.
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PMID:Thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in patients with duchenne's progressive muscular dystrophy: a histopathologic correlation study. 1121 33

Skeletal muscle produces a myriad of mitogenic factors possessing cardiovascular regulatory effects that can be explored for cardiac repair. Given the reported findings that VEGF may modulate muscle regeneration, we investigated the therapeutic effects of chronic injections of low doses of human recombinant VEGF-A(165) (0.1-1 microg/kg) into the dystrophic hamstring muscle in a hereditary hamster model of heart failure and muscular dystrophy. In vitro, VEGF stimulated proliferation, migration, and growth factor production of cultured C2C12 skeletal myocytes. VEGF also induced production of HGF, IGF2, and VEGF by skeletal muscle. Analysis of skeletal muscle revealed an increase in myocyte nuclear [531 +/- 12 VEGF 1 microg/kg vs. 364 +/- 19 for saline (number/mm(2)) saline] and capillary [591 +/- 80 VEGF 1 microg/kg vs. 342 +/- 21 for saline (number/mm(2))] densities. Skeletal muscle analysis revealed an increase in Ki67(+) nuclei in the VEGF 1 microg/kg group compared with saline. In addition, VEGF mobilized c-kit(+), CD31(+), and CXCR4(+) progenitor cells. Mobilization of progenitor cells was consistent with higher SDF-1 concentrations found in hamstring, plasma, and heart in the VEGF group. Echocardiogram analysis demonstrated improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (0.60 +/- 0.02 VEGF 1 microg/kg vs. 0.45 +/- 0.01 mm for saline) and an attenuation in ventricular dilation [5.59 +/- 0.12 VEGF 1 microg/kg vs. 6.03 +/- 0.09 for saline (mm)] 5 wk after initiating therapy. Hearts exhibited higher cardiomyocyte nuclear [845 +/- 22 VEGF 1 microg/kg vs. 519 +/- 40 for saline (number/mm(2))] and capillary [2,159 +/- 119 VEGF 1 microg/kg vs. 1,590 +/- 66 for saline (number/mm(2))] densities. Myocardial analysis revealed approximately 2.5 fold increase in Ki67+ cells and approximately 2.8-fold increase in c-kit(+) cells in the VEGF group, which provides evidence for cardiomyocyte regeneration and progenitor cell expansion. This study provides novel evidence of a salutary effect of VEGF in the cardiomyopathic hamster via induction of myogenic growth factor production by skeletal muscle and mobilization of progenitor cells, which resulted in attenuation of cardiomyopathy and repair of the heart.
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PMID:Intramuscular VEGF repairs the failing heart: role of host-derived growth factors and mobilization of progenitor cells. 1975 38