Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026850 (muscular dystrophy)
 5,870 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two children, born to related parents, presented since birth a muscular defect rapidly complicated by painful joint stiffness. The oldest child died at 6 months of age, from respiratory complications. The second-14 month old- does not sit without support. The muscle fibres are of unequal calibre and numerous fibres have under-sarcolemmal PAS positive areas contain glycogen, as seen on electron microscopy. In the second patient, the biochemical analysis showed a moderate glycogen accumulation and muscular enzymatic studies demonstrated an isolated and major deficiency in phosphofructokinase activity. Activity was normal in red blood cells and in fibroblasts cultured in vitro. Hence, these cases should be distinguished from formerly reported cases of phosphofructokinase deficiency. This type of P.F.K. deficiency should be looked for in patients with severe congenital muscular dystrophy and early joint involvement.
 ...
PMID:[Familial congenital muscular dystrophy caused by phosphofructokinase deficiency]. 15 29

Evidence to suggest the presence of abnormal metabolism of oxygen free radicals in progressive muscular dystrophy is presented using an animal model. In the superficial pectoral muscles of dystrophic chickens, enzyme activities regulating the metabolism of oxygen free radicals, i.e., catalase, superoxide dismutases and glutathione peroxidase, were significantly elevated within 1 week of hatching. Activities of related enzymes, i.e., glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase were also elevated. In contrast, the specific activity of phosphofructokinase, the rate-limiting enzyme of the glycolytic pathway, was normal during the first 4-week period. These results suggest that there is an increased turnover of oxygen free radicals in the dystrophic muscle. This concept appears important in a further investigation of the pathogenesis and treatment of progressive muscular dystrophies.
 ...
PMID:Pathogenesis of progressive muscular dystrophy: studies on free radical metabolism in an animal model. 336 52

Injection of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) induced a marked decrease in the level of glucose 1,6-diphosphate (Glc-1,6-P2) in the rat tibialis anterior muscle. Concomitant to the decrease in Glc-1,6-P2, the potent activator of phosphofructokinase and phosphoglucomutase, the activities of both these enzymes were markedly reduced by serotonin. The level of Glc-1,6-P2 and the activities of phosphofructokinase and phosphoglucomutase increased with age in the tibialis anterior muscle and the effect of serotonin was more pronounced in the older animals. Serotonin also induced a significant increase in the level of cyclic GMP in muscle. The serotonin-induced changes in the normal muscle mimic the changes in carbohydrate metabolism we found previously in muscular dystrophy.
 ...
PMID:Changes in the levels of glucose 1,6-diphosphate and cyclic GMP, and in the activities of phosphofructokinase and phosphoglucomutase induced by serotonin in muscle. 630 80